通用值初始化分配器

问题描述 投票:3回答:1

学习/学习C。我想要一种将堆栈值移动到堆中的方法,这是我能想到的最好的方法。

#define defheapify(nm, T, sz) \
  T* heapify_##nm (const T x) { \
    T *nx = malloc(sz); \
    nx[0] = x; \
    return nx; \
  }

defheapify(char, char, sizeof(char));
defheapify(uchar, unsigned char, sizeof(unsigned char));
defheapify(short_int, short int, sizeof(short int));
defheapify(ushort_int, unsigned short int, sizeof(unsigned short int));
defheapify(int, int, sizeof(int));
defheapify(uint, unsigned int, sizeof(unsigned int));
defheapify(long_int, long int, sizeof(long int));
defheapify(ulong_int, unsigned long int, sizeof(unsigned long int));
defheapify(long_long_int, long long int, sizeof(long long int));
defheapify(ulong_long_int, unsigned long long int, sizeof(unsigned long long int));
defheapify(float, float, sizeof(float));
defheapify(double, double, sizeof(double));
defheapify(long_double, long double, sizeof(long double));

似乎有效:

  short int *si = heapify_short_int(20);
  printf("%d\n", ((int*)si)[0]); /* => 20 */

是否有更好的方法可以做到这一点?

c malloc dynamic-memory-allocation
1个回答
4
投票

因为这是C:

void * heapify (const void *p, size_t sz) {
    void *x = malloc(sz);
    if (x) memcpy(x, p, sz);
    return x;
}

然后,如果您坚持要:

#define defheapify(nm, T, sz) \
T* heapify_##nm (const T x) { return heapify(&x, sz); }

但是,如果您有sz,则T是多余的,所以:

#define defheapify(nm, T) \
T* heapify_##nm (const T x) { return heapify(&x, sizeof(x)); }

但是,如果您只关心问题中列出的类型,则可以改用_Generic开关来简化界面。使用下面的代码,您可以删除确定正在处理的变量或常量类型的任务。只需始终拨打heapify_any

#define heapify_T(T, X) \
(T *)heapify(&(struct{ T x; }){X}.x, sizeof(T))

#define heapify_G(T, X) T:heapify_T(T, X)

#define heapify_any(X) _Generic( \
X, \
heapify_G(char, X), \
heapify_G(signed char, X), \
heapify_G(unsigned char, X), \
heapify_G(short int, X), \
heapify_G(unsigned short int, X), \
heapify_G(int, X), \
heapify_G(unsigned int, X), \
heapify_G(long int, X), \
heapify_G(unsigned long int, X), \
heapify_G(long long int, X), \
heapify_G(unsigned long long int, X), \
heapify_G(float, X), \
heapify_G(double, X), \
heapify_G(long double, X), \
default:(void)0 \
)

[C中没有文字short值,因此您需要一个变量或强制转换才能使用上面的heapify_any宏。

short int *si = heapify_any((short)20);
printf("%hd\n", *si);

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