IBInspectable的问题，并且从xib加载用于Interface Builder的视图

问题描述 投票：1回答：1

我有一个带有自己的.xib的自定义类。我正在尝试合并IBInspectable来更改其背景颜色和IB中子视图的背景。

在IB中，当我将'Custom Class'保留为空白，并添加用户定义的运行时属性'bgColor'，然后尝试运行该应用程序时，我得到了"...this class is not key value coding-compliant for the key bgColor."该应用程序运行时没有崩溃，但没有将颜色应用于查看。

[当我将'Custom Class'设置为"AxesView"并运行时，应用程序崩溃并显示"Thread 1: EXC_BAD_ACCESS (code=2, address)"，并在NibLoadableExtension.swift中突出显示了"guard let view = Self.nib.instantiate..."中的行func setupFromNib()

这些方法是否有某种协同工作的方式，还是这是一种/或一种情况？

在View Controller中：

var axesView = AxesView()
override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    axesView.frame = self.view.bounds
    self.view.addSubview(axesView)
}

Full ViewController.swift

var axesView = AxesView()

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    axesView.frame = self.view.bounds

    axesView.bgColor = .clear
    axesView.lineColor = .red
    self.view.addSubview(axesView)
    axesView.contentView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false

    axesView.contentView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.leadingAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
    axesView.contentView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.topAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
    axesView.contentView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.trailingAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
    axesView.contentView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.bottomAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
}

override func touchesBegan(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
    let touch = touches.first! as UITouch
    let p = touch.location(in: self.view)
    axesView.vLine.center.x = p.x
    axesView.hLine.center.y = p.y
}

override func touchesMoved(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
    let touch = touches.first! as UITouch
    let p = touch.location(in: self.view)
    axesView.vLine.center.x = p.x
    axesView.hLine.center.y = p.y
    self.view.setNeedsDisplay()
}

override func touchesEnded(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
    touchesMoved(touches, with: event)
}

override func touchesCancelled(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
    touchesEnded(touches, with: event)
}

AxesView.swift

@IBDesignable class AxesView: UIView, NibLoadable {

    @IBOutlet var contentView: UIView!
    @IBOutlet weak var hLine: UIView!
    @IBOutlet weak var vLine: UIView!

    @IBInspectable var bgColor: UIColor = UIColor.white {
        didSet {
            contentView.backgroundColor = bgColor
        }
    }

    @IBInspectable var lineColor: UIColor = UIColor.cyan {
        didSet {
            hLine.backgroundColor = lineColor
            vLine.backgroundColor = lineColor
        }
    }

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
        setupFromNib()
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
        setupFromNib()
    }
}

NibLoadableExtension.swift

public protocol NibLoadable {
    static var nibName: String { get }
}

public extension NibLoadable where Self: UIView {

    static var nibName: String {
        return String(describing: Self.self) // defaults to the name of the class implementing this protocol.
    }

    static var nib: UINib {
        let bundle = Bundle(for: Self.self)
        return UINib(nibName: Self.nibName, bundle: bundle)
    }

    func setupFromNib() {
        guard let view = Self.nib.instantiate(withOwner: self, options: nil).first as? UIView else { fatalError("Error loading \(self) from nib") }

        addSubview(view)
    }
}

enter image description hereenter image description here

ios interface-builder ibdesignable ibinspectable
1个回答
1
投票

您的代码在大多数情况下都可以正常工作。

确保已在正确的对象上设置了类：

enter image description here

将setupFromNib()函数更改为：

func setupFromNib() {
    guard let view = Self.nib.instantiate(withOwner: self, options: nil).first as? UIView else { fatalError("Error loading \(self) from nib") }

    addSubview(view)
    view.frame = self.bounds
    view.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]

    // layout code...
}

这是添加到IB中的视图控制器的外观：

enter image description here

这是通过代码显示的样子：

class AxesTestViewController: UIViewController {

    var axesView = AxesView()

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        axesView.frame = self.view.bounds
        axesView.bgColor = .blue
        axesView.lineColor = .red
        self.view.addSubview(axesView)
    }

}

enter image description here

编辑

经过评论讨论后，这是使用“可拖动”十字准线的此@IBDesignable xib的一种方法。

这使用约束并修改centerX和centerY上的.constant以移动线。我还将您的touches...函数移到了自定义视图中，以使操作更加有序。

下面是完整的示例代码，包括NibLoadable代码（为了进行比较，我将控件重命名为TapAxesView：]

public protocol NibLoadable {
    static var nibName: String { get }
}

public extension NibLoadable where Self: UIView {

    static var nibName: String {
        return String(describing: Self.self) // defaults to the name of the class implementing this protocol.
    }

    static var nib: UINib {
        let bundle = Bundle(for: Self.self)
        return UINib(nibName: Self.nibName, bundle: bundle)
    }

    func setupFromNib() {
        guard let view = Self.nib.instantiate(withOwner: self, options: nil).first as? UIView else { fatalError("Error loading \(self) from nib") }
        addSubview(view)
        view.backgroundColor = .clear
        view.frame = self.bounds
        view.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
    }
}

@IBDesignable
class TapAxesView: UIView, NibLoadable {

    @IBOutlet var hLine: UIView!
    @IBOutlet var vLine: UIView!

    @IBOutlet var vLineCenterX: NSLayoutConstraint!
    @IBOutlet var hLineCenterY: NSLayoutConstraint!

    @IBInspectable var bgColor: UIColor = UIColor.white {
        didSet {
            self.backgroundColor = bgColor
        }
    }

    @IBInspectable var lineColor: UIColor = UIColor.cyan {
        didSet {
            hLine.backgroundColor = lineColor
            vLine.backgroundColor = lineColor
        }
    }

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
        setupFromNib()
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
        setupFromNib()
    }

    func updateCenter(_ point: CGPoint) -> Void {
        // prevent centers from moving outside the bounds
        let halfW = (bounds.size.width / 2.0)
        let halfH = (bounds.size.height / 2.0)
        let x = point.x - halfW
        let y = point.y - halfH
        vLineCenterX.constant = min(max(x, -halfW), halfW)
        hLineCenterY.constant = min(max(y, -halfH), halfH)
    }

    override func touchesBegan(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
        let touch = touches.first! as UITouch
        let p = touch.location(in: self)
        updateCenter(p)
    }

    override func touchesMoved(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
        let touch = touches.first! as UITouch
        let p = touch.location(in: self)
        updateCenter(p)
    }

    override func touchesEnded(_ touches: Set<UITouch>, with event: UIEvent?) {
        touchesMoved(touches, with: event)
    }

}

class TapAxesTestViewController: UIViewController {

    var axesView = TapAxesView()

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        axesView.frame = self.view.bounds

        axesView.bgColor = .clear
        axesView.lineColor = .red
        self.view.addSubview(axesView)

        axesView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false

        axesView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.leadingAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
        axesView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.topAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
        axesView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.trailingAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
        axesView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.bottomAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
    }

}

这是TapAxesView.xib文件的来源：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<document type="com.apple.InterfaceBuilder3.CocoaTouch.XIB" version="3.0" toolsVersion="15705" targetRuntime="iOS.CocoaTouch" propertyAccessControl="none" useAutolayout="YES" useTraitCollections="YES" useSafeAreas="YES" colorMatched="YES">
    <device id="retina4_7" orientation="portrait" appearance="light"/>
    <dependencies>
        <deployment identifier="iOS"/>
        <plugIn identifier="com.apple.InterfaceBuilder.IBCocoaTouchPlugin" version="15706"/>
        <capability name="Safe area layout guides" minToolsVersion="9.0"/>
        <capability name="documents saved in the Xcode 8 format" minToolsVersion="8.0"/>
    </dependencies>
    <objects>
        <placeholder placeholderIdentifier="IBFilesOwner" id="-1" userLabel="File's Owner" customClass="TapAxesView" customModule="MiniScratch" customModuleProvider="target">
            <connections>
                <outlet property="hLine" destination="wry-9o-V8F" id="uCc-eL-sSS"/>
                <outlet property="hLineCenterY" destination="Txd-hz-fX2" id="OUH-HO-ghG"/>
                <outlet property="vLine" destination="x0E-M7-ETl" id="BaY-4q-4RA"/>
                <outlet property="vLineCenterX" destination="pAM-XU-BDo" id="fgf-lE-dn3"/>
            </connections>
        </placeholder>
        <placeholder placeholderIdentifier="IBFirstResponder" id="-2" customClass="UIResponder"/>
        <view contentMode="scaleToFill" id="iN0-l3-epB">
            <rect key="frame" x="0.0" y="0.0" width="375" height="382"/>
            <autoresizingMask key="autoresizingMask" widthSizable="YES" heightSizable="YES"/>
            <subviews>
                <view contentMode="scaleToFill" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="wry-9o-V8F">
                    <rect key="frame" x="0.0" y="189" width="375" height="4"/>
                    <color key="backgroundColor" white="0.66666666669999997" alpha="1" colorSpace="custom" customColorSpace="genericGamma22GrayColorSpace"/>
                    <constraints>
                        <constraint firstAttribute="height" constant="4" id="OqP-vn-hAj"/>
                    </constraints>
                </view>
                <view contentMode="scaleToFill" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="x0E-M7-ETl">
                    <rect key="frame" x="185.5" y="0.0" width="4" height="382"/>
                    <color key="backgroundColor" white="0.66666666666666663" alpha="1" colorSpace="custom" customColorSpace="genericGamma22GrayColorSpace"/>
                    <constraints>
                        <constraint firstAttribute="width" constant="4" id="cqZ-JL-4vH"/>
                    </constraints>
                </view>
            </subviews>
            <color key="backgroundColor" red="1" green="1" blue="1" alpha="1" colorSpace="custom" customColorSpace="sRGB"/>
            <constraints>
                <constraint firstItem="wry-9o-V8F" firstAttribute="centerY" secondItem="iN0-l3-epB" secondAttribute="centerY" id="Txd-hz-fX2"/>
                <constraint firstItem="wry-9o-V8F" firstAttribute="trailing" secondItem="vUN-kp-3ea" secondAttribute="trailing" id="bcB-iZ-vbV"/>
                <constraint firstItem="vUN-kp-3ea" firstAttribute="bottom" secondItem="x0E-M7-ETl" secondAttribute="bottom" id="hfl-4K-VZq"/>
                <constraint firstItem="wry-9o-V8F" firstAttribute="leading" secondItem="vUN-kp-3ea" secondAttribute="leading" id="ma5-u8-0U4"/>
                <constraint firstItem="x0E-M7-ETl" firstAttribute="centerX" secondItem="iN0-l3-epB" secondAttribute="centerX" id="pAM-XU-BDo"/>
                <constraint firstItem="x0E-M7-ETl" firstAttribute="top" secondItem="vUN-kp-3ea" secondAttribute="top" id="z8W-cZ-2Bi"/>
            </constraints>
            <freeformSimulatedSizeMetrics key="simulatedDestinationMetrics"/>
            <viewLayoutGuide key="safeArea" id="vUN-kp-3ea"/>
            <point key="canvasLocation" x="138.40000000000001" y="24.287856071964018"/>
        </view>
    </objects>
</document>
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