SwiftUI,没有按钮/视图实例的快捷键——可能吗?

问题描述 投票:0回答:2

在 swiftUI 中存在

.keyboardShortcut()
修饰符:

// run "doSomeAction()" on press of "b" key on the keyboard
Button("SomeBtn") { doSomeAction() }
    .keyboardShortcut("b", modifiers: [])

但是要使用此修饰符,您需要有一个按钮实例

问题是——是否可以应用一些修改器而不创建任何无用的视图?

如果我需要为某些键盘按键分配 20 个操作怎么办?

我是否需要创建 20 个按钮并使其不可见,即使这确实对性能不利?

macos swiftui keyboard-shortcuts
2个回答
5
投票

请看另一个答案。比这个好多了。 这只是为了历史而保存的:)


该解决方案的利润:

  • 它的工作速度比
    .keyboardShortcut()
    方式更快
  • 不需要创建额外的视图/按钮;
  • 它适用于任何键盘布局(
    .keyboardShortcut()
    仅适用于一种键盘布局);

缺点:

  • 菜单中没有显示热键
  • 需要为不同的视图状态创建自定义热键逻辑(在某些视图中需要使用一个热键,在某些子视图中需要使用另一个热键)

解决方案示例:

struct WindowView: View {
    @ObservedObject var model: WindowModel

    var body: some View {
        Text("some text")
           .padding(60)
           // THIS IS FINAL SOLUTION
           .addCustomHotkeys(model.hotkeys)
           // THIS IS FINAL SOLUTION
    }
}

ViewModel 内的热键初始化:

    // THIS IS FINAL SOLUTION
    let hotkeys: [HotkeyCombination] = [
        HotkeyCombination(keyBase: [], key: .kVK_ANSI_Q) { print("Q") },
        HotkeyCombination(keyBase: [.option], key: .kVK_ANSI_Q) { print("Option+Q") }
    ]

使用我的解决方案的文件:

HotKeys.swift:

import Foundation
import SwiftUI
import Combine

@available(OSX 11.0, *)
extension View {
    func addCustomHotkeys( _ hotkeys: [HotkeyCombination] ) -> some View {
        self.modifier(HotKeysMod(hotkeys))
    }
}

@available(OSX 11.0, *)
public struct HotKeysMod: ViewModifier {
    @State var subs = Set<AnyCancellable>() // Cancel onDisappear
    var hotkeys: [HotkeyCombination]
    
    init(_ hotkeys: [HotkeyCombination] ) {
        self.hotkeys = hotkeys
    }
    
    public func body(content: Content) -> some View {
        ZStack {
            DisableSoundsView(hotkeys:hotkeys)
            content
        }
    }
}

struct DisableSoundsView: NSViewRepresentable {
    var hotkeys: [HotkeyCombination]
    
    func makeNSView(context: Context) -> NSView {
        let view = DisableSoundsNSView()
        
        view.hotkeys = hotkeys
        
        return view
    }
    
    func updateNSView(_ nsView: NSView, context: Context) { }
}

class DisableSoundsNSView: NSView {
    var hotkeys: [HotkeyCombination] = []
    
    override func performKeyEquivalent(with event: NSEvent) -> Bool {
        return hotkeysSubscription(combinations: hotkeys)
    }
}

fileprivate func hotkeysSubscription(combinations: [HotkeyCombination]) -> Bool {
    for comb in combinations {
        let basePressedCorrectly = comb.keyBasePressed
        
        if basePressedCorrectly && comb.key.isPressed {
            comb.action()
            return true
        }
    }
    
    return false
}

///////////////////////
///HELPERS
///////////////////////
struct HotkeyCombination {
    let keyBase: [KeyBase]
    let key: CGKeyCode
    let action: () -> ()
}

extension HotkeyCombination {
    var keyBasePressed: Bool {
        let mustBePressed    = KeyBase.allCases.filter{ keyBase.contains($0) }
        let mustBeNotPressed = KeyBase.allCases.filter{ !keyBase.contains($0) }
        
        for base in mustBePressed {
            if !base.isPressed {
                return false
            }
        }
        
        for base in mustBeNotPressed {
            if base.isPressed {
                return false
            }
        }
        
        return true
    }
}

enum KeyBase: CaseIterable {
    case option
    case command
    case shift
    case control
    
    var isPressed: Bool {
        switch self {
        case .option:
            return CGKeyCode.kVK_Option.isPressed  || CGKeyCode.kVK_RightOption.isPressed
        case .command:
            return CGKeyCode.kVK_Command.isPressed || CGKeyCode.kVK_RightCommand.isPressed
        case .shift:
            return CGKeyCode.kVK_Shift.isPressed   || CGKeyCode.kVK_RightShift.isPressed
        case .control:
            return CGKeyCode.kVK_Control.isPressed || CGKeyCode.kVK_RightControl.isPressed
        }
    }
}

CGKeyCode 扩展取自:

https://gist.github.com/chipjarred/cbb324c797aec865918a8045c4b51d14

CGKeyCode.swift:

import Foundation

///https://gist.github.com/chipjarred/cbb324c797aec865918a8045c4b51d14
extension CGKeyCode {
    static let kVK_ANSI_A                    : CGKeyCode = 0x00
    static let kVK_ANSI_S                    : CGKeyCode = 0x01
    static let kVK_ANSI_D                    : CGKeyCode = 0x02
    static let kVK_ANSI_F                    : CGKeyCode = 0x03
    static let kVK_ANSI_H                    : CGKeyCode = 0x04
    static let kVK_ANSI_G                    : CGKeyCode = 0x05
    static let kVK_ANSI_Z                    : CGKeyCode = 0x06
    static let kVK_ANSI_X                    : CGKeyCode = 0x07
    static let kVK_ANSI_C                    : CGKeyCode = 0x08
    static let kVK_ANSI_V                    : CGKeyCode = 0x09
    static let kVK_ANSI_B                    : CGKeyCode = 0x0B
    static let kVK_ANSI_Q                    : CGKeyCode = 0x0C
    static let kVK_ANSI_W                    : CGKeyCode = 0x0D
    static let kVK_ANSI_E                    : CGKeyCode = 0x0E
    static let kVK_ANSI_R                    : CGKeyCode = 0x0F
    static let kVK_ANSI_Y                    : CGKeyCode = 0x10
    static let kVK_ANSI_T                    : CGKeyCode = 0x11
    static let kVK_ANSI_1                    : CGKeyCode = 0x12
    static let kVK_ANSI_2                    : CGKeyCode = 0x13
    static let kVK_ANSI_3                    : CGKeyCode = 0x14
    static let kVK_ANSI_4                    : CGKeyCode = 0x15
    static let kVK_ANSI_6                    : CGKeyCode = 0x16
    static let kVK_ANSI_5                    : CGKeyCode = 0x17
    static let kVK_ANSI_Equal                : CGKeyCode = 0x18
    static let kVK_ANSI_9                    : CGKeyCode = 0x19
    static let kVK_ANSI_7                    : CGKeyCode = 0x1A
    static let kVK_ANSI_Minus                : CGKeyCode = 0x1B
    static let kVK_ANSI_8                    : CGKeyCode = 0x1C
    static let kVK_ANSI_0                    : CGKeyCode = 0x1D
    static let kVK_ANSI_RightBracket         : CGKeyCode = 0x1E
    static let kVK_ANSI_O                    : CGKeyCode = 0x1F
    static let kVK_ANSI_U                    : CGKeyCode = 0x20
    static let kVK_ANSI_LeftBracket          : CGKeyCode = 0x21
    static let kVK_ANSI_I                    : CGKeyCode = 0x22
    static let kVK_ANSI_P                    : CGKeyCode = 0x23
    static let kVK_ANSI_L                    : CGKeyCode = 0x25
    static let kVK_ANSI_J                    : CGKeyCode = 0x26
    static let kVK_ANSI_Quote                : CGKeyCode = 0x27
    static let kVK_ANSI_K                    : CGKeyCode = 0x28
    static let kVK_ANSI_Semicolon            : CGKeyCode = 0x29
    static let kVK_ANSI_Backslash            : CGKeyCode = 0x2A
    static let kVK_ANSI_Comma                : CGKeyCode = 0x2B
    static let kVK_ANSI_Slash                : CGKeyCode = 0x2C
    static let kVK_ANSI_N                    : CGKeyCode = 0x2D
    static let kVK_ANSI_M                    : CGKeyCode = 0x2E
    static let kVK_ANSI_Period               : CGKeyCode = 0x2F
    static let kVK_ANSI_Grave                : CGKeyCode = 0x32
    static let kVK_ANSI_KeypadDecimal        : CGKeyCode = 0x41
    static let kVK_ANSI_KeypadMultiply       : CGKeyCode = 0x43
    static let kVK_ANSI_KeypadPlus           : CGKeyCode = 0x45
    static let kVK_ANSI_KeypadClear          : CGKeyCode = 0x47
    static let kVK_ANSI_KeypadDivide         : CGKeyCode = 0x4B
    static let kVK_ANSI_KeypadEnter          : CGKeyCode = 0x4C
    static let kVK_ANSI_KeypadMinus          : CGKeyCode = 0x4E
    static let kVK_ANSI_KeypadEquals         : CGKeyCode = 0x51
    static let kVK_ANSI_Keypad0              : CGKeyCode = 0x52
    static let kVK_ANSI_Keypad1              : CGKeyCode = 0x53
    static let kVK_ANSI_Keypad2              : CGKeyCode = 0x54
    static let kVK_ANSI_Keypad3              : CGKeyCode = 0x55
    static let kVK_ANSI_Keypad4              : CGKeyCode = 0x56
    static let kVK_ANSI_Keypad5              : CGKeyCode = 0x57
    static let kVK_ANSI_Keypad6              : CGKeyCode = 0x58
    static let kVK_ANSI_Keypad7              : CGKeyCode = 0x59
    static let kVK_ANSI_Keypad8              : CGKeyCode = 0x5B
    static let kVK_ANSI_Keypad9              : CGKeyCode = 0x5C

    // keycodes for keys that are independent of keyboard layout
    static let kVK_Return                    : CGKeyCode = 0x24
    static let kVK_Tab                       : CGKeyCode = 0x30
    static let kVK_Space                     : CGKeyCode = 0x31
    static let kVK_Delete                    : CGKeyCode = 0x33
    static let kVK_Escape                    : CGKeyCode = 0x35
    static let kVK_Command                   : CGKeyCode = 0x37
    static let kVK_Shift                     : CGKeyCode = 0x38
    static let kVK_CapsLock                  : CGKeyCode = 0x39
    static let kVK_Option                    : CGKeyCode = 0x3A
    static let kVK_Control                   : CGKeyCode = 0x3B
    static let kVK_RightCommand              : CGKeyCode = 0x36 // Out of order
    static let kVK_RightShift                : CGKeyCode = 0x3C
    static let kVK_RightOption               : CGKeyCode = 0x3D
    static let kVK_RightControl              : CGKeyCode = 0x3E
    static let kVK_Function                  : CGKeyCode = 0x3F
    static let kVK_F17                       : CGKeyCode = 0x40
    static let kVK_VolumeUp                  : CGKeyCode = 0x48
    static let kVK_VolumeDown                : CGKeyCode = 0x49
    static let kVK_Mute                      : CGKeyCode = 0x4A
    static let kVK_F18                       : CGKeyCode = 0x4F
    static let kVK_F19                       : CGKeyCode = 0x50
    static let kVK_F20                       : CGKeyCode = 0x5A
    static let kVK_F5                        : CGKeyCode = 0x60
    static let kVK_F6                        : CGKeyCode = 0x61
    static let kVK_F7                        : CGKeyCode = 0x62
    static let kVK_F3                        : CGKeyCode = 0x63
    static let kVK_F8                        : CGKeyCode = 0x64
    static let kVK_F9                        : CGKeyCode = 0x65
    static let kVK_F11                       : CGKeyCode = 0x67
    static let kVK_F13                       : CGKeyCode = 0x69
    static let kVK_F16                       : CGKeyCode = 0x6A
    static let kVK_F14                       : CGKeyCode = 0x6B
    static let kVK_F10                       : CGKeyCode = 0x6D
    static let kVK_F12                       : CGKeyCode = 0x6F
    static let kVK_F15                       : CGKeyCode = 0x71
    static let kVK_Help                      : CGKeyCode = 0x72
    static let kVK_Home                      : CGKeyCode = 0x73
    static let kVK_PageUp                    : CGKeyCode = 0x74
    static let kVK_ForwardDelete             : CGKeyCode = 0x75
    static let kVK_F4                        : CGKeyCode = 0x76
    static let kVK_End                       : CGKeyCode = 0x77
    static let kVK_F2                        : CGKeyCode = 0x78
    static let kVK_PageDown                  : CGKeyCode = 0x79
    static let kVK_F1                        : CGKeyCode = 0x7A
    static let kVK_LeftArrow                 : CGKeyCode = 0x7B
    static let kVK_RightArrow                : CGKeyCode = 0x7C
    static let kVK_DownArrow                 : CGKeyCode = 0x7D
    static let kVK_UpArrow                   : CGKeyCode = 0x7E

    // ISO keyboards only
    static let kVK_ISO_Section               : CGKeyCode = 0x0A

    // JIS keyboards only
    static let kVK_JIS_Yen                   : CGKeyCode = 0x5D
    static let kVK_JIS_Underscore            : CGKeyCode = 0x5E
    static let kVK_JIS_KeypadComma           : CGKeyCode = 0x5F
    static let kVK_JIS_Eisu                  : CGKeyCode = 0x66
    static let kVK_JIS_Kana                  : CGKeyCode = 0x68

    var isModifier: Bool {
        return (.kVK_RightCommand...(.kVK_Function)).contains(self)
    }

    var baseModifier: CGKeyCode?
    {
        if (.kVK_Command...(.kVK_Control)).contains(self)
                || self == .kVK_Function
        {
                return self
        }

        switch self
        {
                case .kVK_RightShift: return .kVK_Shift
                case .kVK_RightCommand: return .kVK_Command
                case .kVK_RightOption: return .kVK_Option
                case .kVK_RightControl: return .kVK_Control

                default: return nil
        }
    }
    
    var isPressed: Bool {
        CGEventSource.keyState(.combinedSessionState, key: self)
    }
}

0
投票

比我的另一个答案好得多

该解决方案的利润:

  • 它的工作速度比
    .keyboardShortcut()
    方式更快
  • 不需要创建额外的视图/按钮;
  • 它适用于任何键盘布局(
    .keyboardShortcut()
    仅适用于一种键盘布局);

缺点:

  • 菜单中没有显示热键
  • 需要为不同的视图状态创建自定义热键逻辑(在某些视图中需要使用一个热键,在某些子视图中需要使用另一个热键)

最佳使用方式:

someView()
    .keyboardReaction { myMainViewKeyboardShortcuts($0) }

///////

func myMainViewKeyboardShortcuts(_ event: NSEvent) -> NSEvent {
    switch event.keyCode {
    case KeyCode.escape:
        print("esc pressed!")
        return nil // disable beep sound
    case KeyCode.a:
        print("A pressed!")
        return nil // disable beep sound
    default:
        return event // beep sound will be here
    }
}

keyboardReactionModifier.swift

#if os(macOS)
import Foundation
import SwiftUI

@available(macOS 11.0, *)
public extension View {
    
    /// * Reaction on keyboard's .keyDown will be executed only in case of view located at window where window.isKeyWindow == true
    /// * But reaction will be even if this window displays .sheet
    /// * KeyCode struct located in Essentials
    /// * Active Keyboard Layout does not matter
    /// ```
    ///.keyboardReaction { event in
    ///    switch event.keyCode {
    ///    case KeyCode.escape:
    ///        print("esc pressed!")
    ///        return nil // disable beep sound
    ///    case KeyCode.a:
    ///        print("A pressed!")
    ///        return nil // disable beep sound
    ///    default:
    ///        return event // beep sound will be here
    ///    }
    ///}
    /// ```
    func keyboardReaction(action: @escaping (NSEvent) -> (NSEvent?) ) -> some View {
        self.modifier(KeyboardReactiomModifier(action: action))
    }
}

@available(macOS 11.0, *)
private struct KeyboardReactiomModifier: ViewModifier {
    let action: (NSEvent) -> (NSEvent?)
    
    @State var window: NSWindow? = nil
    
    func body(content: Content) -> some View {
        content
            .wndAccessor { self.window = $0 }
            .onAppear {
                NSEvent.addLocalMonitorForEvents(matching: .keyDown) { event in
                    guard let window = window,
                          window.isKeyWindow
                    else { return event }
                    
                    return action(event)
                }
            }
    }
}
#endif

wndAccessorModifier.swift

#if os(macOS)
import SwiftUI
public extension View {
    /// With this modifier you're able to access to window from View.
    ///
    /// Usage:
    /// ```
    /// someView
    ///     .wndAccessor { wnd
    ///         self.window = wnd
    ///     }
    /// ```
    /// another sample:
    /// ```
    /// someView
    ///     .wndAccessor { wnd
    ///         wnd.title = "THIS... IS... WINDOOOOOW!"
    ///     }
    /// ```
    func wndAccessor(_ act: @escaping (NSWindow?) -> () )
        -> some View {
            self.modifier(WndTitleConfigurer(act: act))
    }
}

private struct WndTitleConfigurer: ViewModifier {
    let act: (NSWindow?) -> ()
    
    @State var window: NSWindow? = nil
    
    func body(content: Content) -> some View {
        content
            .getWindow($window)
            .onChange(of: window, perform: act )
    }
}

//////////////////////////////
///HELPERS
/////////////////////////////

private extension View {
    func getWindow(_ wnd: Binding<NSWindow?>) -> some View {
        self.background(WindowAccessor(window: wnd))
    }
}

private struct WindowAccessor: NSViewRepresentable {
    @Binding var window: NSWindow?
    
    public func makeNSView(context: Context) -> NSView {
        let view = NSView()
        DispatchQueue.main.async {
            self.window = view.window
        }
        return view
    }
    
    public func updateNSView(_ nsView: NSView, context: Context) {}
}

#endif

KeyCode.swift

import SwiftUI

public struct KeyCode {
    public static let returnKey                 : UInt16 = 0x24
    public static let enter                     : UInt16 = 36 //0x4C
    public static let tab                       : UInt16 = 0x30
    public static let space                     : UInt16 = 0x31
    public static let delete                    : UInt16 = 0x33
    public static let escape                    : UInt16 = 0x35
    public static let command                   : UInt16 = 0x37
    public static let shift                     : UInt16 = 0x38
    public static let capsLock                  : UInt16 = 0x39
    public static let option                    : UInt16 = 0x3A
    public static let control                   : UInt16 = 0x3B
    public static let rightShift                : UInt16 = 0x3C
    public static let rightOption               : UInt16 = 0x3D
    public static let rightControl              : UInt16 = 0x3E
    public static let leftArrow                 : UInt16 = 0x7B
    public static let rightArrow                : UInt16 = 0x7C
    public static let downArrow                 : UInt16 = 0x7D
    public static let upArrow                   : UInt16 = 0x7E
    public static let volumeUp                  : UInt16 = 0x48
    public static let volumeDown                : UInt16 = 0x49
    public static let mute                      : UInt16 = 0x4A
    public static let help                      : UInt16 = 0x72
    public static let home                      : UInt16 = 0x73
    public static let pageUp                    : UInt16 = 0x74
    public static let forwardDelete             : UInt16 = 0x75
    public static let end                       : UInt16 = 0x77
    public static let pageDown                  : UInt16 = 0x79
    public static let function                  : UInt16 = 0x3F
    public static let f1                        : UInt16 = 0x7A
    public static let f2                        : UInt16 = 0x78
    public static let f4                        : UInt16 = 0x76
    public static let f5                        : UInt16 = 0x60
    public static let f6                        : UInt16 = 0x61
    public static let f7                        : UInt16 = 0x62
    public static let f3                        : UInt16 = 0x63
    public static let f8                        : UInt16 = 0x64
    public static let f9                        : UInt16 = 0x65
    public static let f10                       : UInt16 = 0x6D
    public static let f11                       : UInt16 = 0x67
    public static let f12                       : UInt16 = 0x6F
    public static let f13                       : UInt16 = 0x69
    public static let f14                       : UInt16 = 0x6B
    public static let f15                       : UInt16 = 0x71
    public static let f16                       : UInt16 = 0x6A
    public static let f17                       : UInt16 = 0x40
    public static let f18                       : UInt16 = 0x4F
    public static let f19                       : UInt16 = 0x50
    public static let f20                       : UInt16 = 0x5A
    
    // US-ANSI Keyboard Positions
    // eg. These key codes are for the physical key (in any keyboard layout)
    // at the location of the named key in the US-ANSI layout.
    public static let a                         : UInt16 = 0x00
    public static let b                         : UInt16 = 0x0B
    public static let c                         : UInt16 = 0x08
    public static let d                         : UInt16 = 0x02
    public static let e                         : UInt16 = 0x0E
    public static let f                         : UInt16 = 0x03
    public static let g                         : UInt16 = 0x05
    public static let h                         : UInt16 = 0x04
    public static let i                         : UInt16 = 0x22
    public static let j                         : UInt16 = 0x26
    public static let k                         : UInt16 = 0x28
    public static let l                         : UInt16 = 0x25
    public static let m                         : UInt16 = 0x2E
    public static let n                         : UInt16 = 0x2D
    public static let o                         : UInt16 = 0x1F
    public static let p                         : UInt16 = 0x23
    public static let q                         : UInt16 = 0x0C
    public static let r                         : UInt16 = 0x0F
    public static let s                         : UInt16 = 0x01
    public static let t                         : UInt16 = 0x11
    public static let u                         : UInt16 = 0x20
    public static let v                         : UInt16 = 0x09
    public static let w                         : UInt16 = 0x0D
    public static let x                         : UInt16 = 0x07
    public static let y                         : UInt16 = 0x10
    public static let z                         : UInt16 = 0x06
    
    public static let zero                      : UInt16 = 0x1D
    public static let one                       : UInt16 = 0x12
    public static let two                       : UInt16 = 0x13
    public static let three                     : UInt16 = 0x14
    public static let four                      : UInt16 = 0x15
    public static let five                      : UInt16 = 0x17
    public static let six                       : UInt16 = 0x16
    public static let seven                     : UInt16 = 0x1A
    public static let eight                     : UInt16 = 0x1C
    public static let nine                      : UInt16 = 0x19
    
    public static let equals                    : UInt16 = 0x18
    public static let minus                     : UInt16 = 0x1B
    public static let semicolon                 : UInt16 = 0x29
    public static let apostrophe                : UInt16 = 0x27
    public static let comma                     : UInt16 = 0x2B
    public static let period                    : UInt16 = 0x2F
    public static let forwardSlash              : UInt16 = 0x2C
    public static let backslash                 : UInt16 = 0x2A
    public static let grave                     : UInt16 = 0x32
    public static let leftBracket               : UInt16 = 0x21
    public static let rightBracket              : UInt16 = 0x1E
    
    public static let keypadDecimal             : UInt16 = 0x41
    public static let keypadMultiply            : UInt16 = 0x43
    public static let keypadPlus                : UInt16 = 0x45
    public static let keypadClear               : UInt16 = 0x47
    public static let keypadDivide              : UInt16 = 0x4B
    public static let keypadEnter               : UInt16 = 0x4C
    public static let keypadMinus               : UInt16 = 0x4E
    public static let keypadEquals              : UInt16 = 0x51
    public static let keypad0                   : UInt16 = 0x52
    public static let keypad1                   : UInt16 = 0x53
    public static let keypad2                   : UInt16 = 0x54
    public static let keypad3                   : UInt16 = 0x55
    public static let keypad4                   : UInt16 = 0x56
    public static let keypad5                   : UInt16 = 0x57
    public static let keypad6                   : UInt16 = 0x58
    public static let keypad7                   : UInt16 = 0x59
    public static let keypad8                   : UInt16 = 0x5B
    public static let keypad9                   : UInt16 = 0x5C
}
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