如何使用jq将依赖项添加到package.json中

Question

我想使用

package.json

通过

bash

脚本将包依赖项添加到

jq

文件。

使用 jq 将新元素添加到现有 JSON 数组

这是包含 5 个步骤的测试脚本：

#!/bin/bash

add_element_with_jq() {
    
    # step 1: Add a new root element "{}" first
    echo "============= step 1 ================"
    
    echo "{}" > "package.json"
    
    # step 2: Add a "dependencies" sub element to the root element "{}"
    echo "============= step 2 ================"
    # step 3: Add a "foo" package with version "1.1.1" to the "dependencies"
    echo "============= step 3 ================"
    
    jq '. += dependencies {
      "foo": "1.1.1"
    }' "package.json"
    
    echo "=========== step 3 output =================="
    cat "package.json"
    
    # step 4: Add a "bar" package with version "2.2.2" to the "dependencies"
    echo "============= step 4 ================"
    
    jq '.dependencies += 
      "bar": "2.2.2"
    ' "package.json"
    
    # step 5: If the "foo" package already existed, then update to the latest version. Otherwise, add the "foo" package to the dependencies.
    echo "============= step 5 ================"
    
    jq '.dependencies += 
      "foo": "3.3.3"
    ' "package.json"
    
    echo "=========== final output =================="
    cat "package.json"
}

add_element_with_jq

这是错误：

============= step 1 ================
============= step 2 ================
============= step 3 ================
jq: error: syntax error, unexpected '{', expecting $end (Unix shell quoting issues?) at <top-level>, line 1:
. += dependencies {                  
jq: 1 compile error
=========== step 3 output ==================
{}
============= step 4 ================
jq: error: syntax error, unexpected ':', expecting $end (Unix shell quoting issues?) at <top-level>, line 2:
      "bar": "2.2.2"           
jq: 1 compile error
============= step 5 ================
jq: error: syntax error, unexpected ':', expecting $end (Unix shell quoting issues?) at <top-level>, line 2:
      "foo": "3.3.3"           
jq: 1 compile error
=========== final output ==================
{}

这是预期的输出：

=========== step 3 output ==================
{
  "dependencies": {
    "foo": "1.1.1"
  }
}
=========== final output ==================
{
  "dependencies": {
    "foo": "3.3.3",
    "bar": "2.2.2"
  }
}

我的

bash

函数出了什么问题，如何修复

jq

命令？

Answer 1

使用的语法（

. += dependencies

）似乎不正确。

要在

dependencies

中添加或编辑条目，请使用以下语法：

jq '.dependencies["foo"]="1.1.1"' "package.json"

这将输出编辑的内容。由于我们无法通过管道返回到文件（在执行

jq

时打开文件以供读取），因此我们必须将其通过管道传输到新文件并重命名（为此使用

mv

命令）。

jq '.dependencies["foo"]="1.1.1"' "package.json" > package.json.new \
&& mv package.json.new package.json