我已经创建了Web服务器,并且想对其进行测试。我在浏览器(Chrome,也使用Macbook Pro)中输入了https://localhost:8080/test.html。浏览器显示ERR_CONNECTION_REFUSED。
[如果有人可以帮助我解释和解决这种情况,那将非常有帮助。我曾尝试在linux和macOS环境中运行此程序,但都无法正常运行。我已经在网上搜索了很多类似的解决方案,但是没有一个可以解决我的问题。谢谢你们。
我的代码在这里:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h> // just added
#include <netdb.h>//Network address and service translation
#include <arpa/inet.h> //For message type convertion
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/signal.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <errno.h>
#define BUFFSIZE 2048
// port number
int port_num = 8080;
void handle(int fd) {
printf("handle function.\n");
char buff[BUFFSIZE + 1];
int bytes_read = read(fd, buff, BUFFSIZE);
printf("bytes_read: %d\n", bytes_read);
if (bytes_read <= 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "connection failed, or read failed.\n");
}
printf("Msg: %s\n", buff);
exit(1);
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
// make sure get the port num
/*
if (argc != 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: Improper number of arguments used\n");
exit(1);
}else {
port_num = atoi(argv[1]);
}
*/
// setup socket
struct sockaddr_in server_address, client_address;
socklen_t client_address_length = sizeof(client_address);
// socket file descriptor
int fd_server, fd_client;
char buf[BUFFSIZE];
int on = 1;
fd_server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (fd_server < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: socket set up failed.\n");
exit(1);
}
// I don't know what is this
setsockopt(fd_server, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(int));
server_address.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_address.sin_port = htons(port_num);
server_address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
// binding
if (bind(fd_server, (struct sockaddr *)&server_address, sizeof(server_address)) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: binding failed.\n");
exit(1);
}
// listen
if (listen(fd_server, 10) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: socket listen failed.\n");
exit(1);
}
while (1) {
// accept
fd_client = accept(fd_server, (struct sockaddr *)&client_address, &client_address_length);
if (fd_client == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: accept failed.\n");
continue;
}
printf("connected...\n");
int pid = fork();
if (!fork()) {
// child process
close(fd_server);
memset(buf, 0, 2048);
read(fd_client, buf, 2047);
printf("%s\n", buf);
close(fd_client);
printf("closing...\n");
exit(0);
}
close(fd_client);
}
return 0;
}
并且在我点击url(https://localhost:8080/test.html)之后,它会打印
首先,您在主循环中两次调用fork()
,因此您必须为每个连接创建两个子进程,同时必须检查给定的值并存储在pid
变量中。
setsockopts
重用套接字提供的地址...,您是对的。这里没有用...我已经评论了。 // I don't know what is this
- setsockopt(fd_server, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(int));
+ // setsockopt(fd_server, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(int)); // indeed, you had better not to use it.
和
printf("connected...\n");
int pid = fork();
- if (!fork()) {
+ if (!pid) { // check for the value of pid, not call fork() again.
// child process
close(fd_server);
此后,我得到以下输出:
[s000]lcu@Luiss-MacBook-Pro:~/so/59935716$ pru
connected...
connected...
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8080
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/79.0.3945.130 Safari/537.36
Sec-Fetch-User: ?1
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Sec-Fetch-Site: none
Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: es,en;q=0.9
Cookie: tocTree_ref-topic-group:ref-group-resources:ref-group-jdbc:ref-group-jdbcconnectionpools:ref-jdbcconnectionpoolnew1Text-hi=tocTree:ref-topic-group:ref-group-resources:ref-group-jdbc:ref-group-jdbcconnectionpools:ref-jdbcconnectionpoolnew1:ref-jdbcconnectionpoolnew1_link; tocTree-hi=tocTree:ref-topic-group:ref-group-configuration:ref-group-connectionservice; JSESSIONID=2d890f14dcdd285f478653a16a62; treeForm_tree-hi=treeForm:tree:resources:JDBC:connectionPoolResources
closing...
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8080
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/79.0.3945.130 Safari/537.36
Sec-Fetch-User: ?1
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Sec-Fetch-Site: none
Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: es,en;q=0.9
Cookie: tocTree_ref-topic-group:ref-group-resources:ref-group-jdbc:ref-group-jdbcconnectionpools:ref-jdbcconnectionpoolnew1Text-hi=tocTree:ref-topic-group:ref-group-resources:ref-group-jdbc:ref-group-jdbcconnectionpools:ref-jdbcconnectionpoolnew1:ref-jdbcconnectionpoolnew1_link; tocTree-hi=tocTree:ref-topic-group:ref-group-configuration:ref-group-connectionservice; JSESSIONID=2d890f14dcdd285f478653a16a62; treeForm_tree-hi=treeForm:tree:resources:JDBC:connectionPoolResources
closing...
connected...
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8080
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/79.0.3945.130 Safari/537.36
Sec-Fetch-User: ?1
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Sec-Fetch-Site: none
Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: es,en;q=0.9
Cookie: tocTree_ref-topic-group:ref-group-resources:ref-group-jdbc:ref-group-jdbcconnectionpools:ref-jdbcconnectionpoolnew1Text-hi=tocTree:ref-topic-group:ref-group-resources:ref-group-jdbc:ref-group-jdbcconnectionpools:ref-jdbcconnectionpoolnew1:ref-jdbcconnectionpoolnew1_link; tocTree-hi=tocTree:ref-topic-group:ref-group-configuration:ref-group-connectionservice; JSESSIONID=2d890f14dcdd285f478653a16a62; treeForm_tree-hi=treeForm:tree:resources:JDBC:connectionPoolResources
closing...
((如您所见,google chrome尝试进行到服务器的三个连接尝试)
经过一番回顾之后,我对您的代码进行了以下更改,导致此:
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> // just added #include <netdb.h>//Network address and service translation #include <arpa/inet.h> //For message type convertion #include <string.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <sys/signal.h> #include <signal.h> #include <errno.h> #define BUFFSIZE 2048 // port number int port_num = 8080; void handle(int fd) { printf("handle function.\n"); char buff[BUFFSIZE + 1]; int bytes_read = read(fd, buff, BUFFSIZE); printf("bytes_read: %d\n", bytes_read); if (bytes_read <= 0) { fprintf(stderr, "connection failed, or read failed.\n"); } printf("Msg: %s\n", buff); exit(1); } int main(int argc, char* argv[]){ // make sure get the port num /* if (argc != 2) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: Improper number of arguments used\n"); exit(1); }else { port_num = atoi(argv[1]); } */ // setup socket struct sockaddr_in server_address, client_address; socklen_t client_address_length = sizeof(client_address); // socket file descriptor int fd_server, fd_client; char buf[BUFFSIZE]; int on = 1; fd_server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (fd_server < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: socket set up failed.\n"); exit(1); } // I don't know what is this // setsockopt(fd_server, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(int)); // indeed, you had better not to use it. server_address.sin_family = AF_INET; server_address.sin_port = htons(port_num); server_address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; // binding if (bind(fd_server, (struct sockaddr *)&server_address, sizeof(server_address)) == -1) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: binding failed.\n"); exit(1); } // listen if (listen(fd_server, 10) == -1) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: socket listen failed.\n"); exit(1); } // accept while ((fd_client = accept(fd_server, (struct sockaddr *)&client_address, &client_address_length)) >= 0) { printf("connected...\n"); // do this only in the child process. Or flush stdout before forking... fflush(stdout); // so you get only one message (you flush the buffer before forking) int pid = fork(); if (pid == 0) { // check for the value of pid, not call fork() again. // child process close(fd_server); // good. memset(buf, 0, 2048); ssize_t n = read(fd_client, buf, sizeof buf); if (n > 0) { write(1, buf, n); // better not consider it a null terminated string. } close(fd_client); printf("closing...\n"); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } close(fd_client); // good. } fprintf(stderr, "Error: accept failed.\n"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); }
我尚未检查handle()
功能,因为在主代码中未使用它。
您将从here获得此代码的不同版本。