使用“网格”管理将小部件/按钮放置在自定义位置

Question

我有一个 tkinter 应用程序，它将用于多种屏幕尺寸。我想在左侧放置一个列表框，并在其下方放置一些按钮。我还有一个标签要放在列表框的顶部。我正在使用

grid

管理来放置所有小部件，使其与不同的屏幕尺寸保持一致。到目前为止，我可以将它们全部与屏幕左对齐，但我想将列表框向上移动一点，这样顶部就没有空间了。我该如何管理？

这是一个MWE

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from tkmacosx import Button

class Window(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self,*args, **kwargs):
        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        tk.Tk.wm_title(self, "OCTOLE")
        container = tk.Frame(self)
        container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
        container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        self.frames = {}
        for F in (StartPage, PageOne, PageTwo):
            frame = F(container, self)
            self.frames[F] = frame
            frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
        self.show_frame(StartPage)
        self.attributes("-topmost", False)
        self.wm_state('zoomed')

    def show_frame(self, cont):
        frame = self.frames[cont]
        frame.tkraise()

class StartPage(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self,parent,bg='#192232') 
        toolbar0 = tk.Frame(self,bg="#393951")
        toolbar0.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        toolbar0.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        toolbar0.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X)
        label = ttk.Label(toolbar0, text="OLE Analyser")
        label.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.5, anchor="center")
        exit_btn = Button(toolbar0, text="EXIT",command=lambda: app.destroy())
        exit_btn.pack(side="right", padx=5, pady=5)
        
        button2 = Button(toolbar0, text="Comparison",command=lambda: controller.show_frame(PageTwo))
        button2.pack(side="right", padx=5, pady=5)
        
        button1 = Button(toolbar0, text="Analysis",command=lambda: controller.show_frame(PageOne))
        button1.pack(side="right", padx=5, pady=5)

class PageOne(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self,parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent,bg='#192232')
        toolbar1 = tk.Frame(self,bg="#393951")
        toolbar1.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X)
        
        label = ttk.Label(toolbar1, text="Analysis")
        label.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.5, anchor="center")
        
        exit_btn = Button(toolbar1, text="EXIT",command=lambda: app.destroy())
        exit_btn.pack(side="right", padx=5, pady=5)
        
        button2 = Button(toolbar1, text="Comparison",command=lambda: controller.show_frame(PageTwo))
        button2.pack(side="right", padx=5, pady=5)
        
        button1 = Button(toolbar1, text="Home",command=lambda: controller.show_frame(StartPage))
        button1.pack(side="right", padx=5, pady=5)
        
        frame = tk.Frame(self, bg='#192232')
        frame.pack(side="left", padx=15, pady=5)       
        
        files_label = tk.Label(frame,text="Spectrum Files",bg='#192232', fg= '#C4BDED',font=16)
        files_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="w")
        
        scrollbarx = ttk.Scrollbar(frame, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL)
        scrollbarx.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky="ew")
        
        listb = tk.Listbox(frame, selectmode = "multiple",height=40,width=40,bd=3,xscrollcommand=scrollbarx.set)
        listb.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="n")
        
        browse_btn = Button(frame,text="Browse",borderless=True,command=lambda: ask())
        browse_btn.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky="w")
        
        clb_btn = Button(frame,text="Clear Files",borderless=True,command=lambda:clear_listbox())
        clb_btn.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky="e")
        
        submit_btn = Button(frame,text="Submit Selection",command=lambda:sumit())
        submit_btn.grid(row=4, column=0, sticky="w")
            
        def ask():
            pass       
        
        scrollbarx.config(command=listb.xview)          

        def sumit():
            pass
        
        def clear_listbox():
            listb.delete(0,tk.END)            

class PageTwo(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent,bg='#192232')
        toolbar2 = tk.Frame(self,bg="#393951")
        toolbar2.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X)
     
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = Window()              
    app.update()
    app.mainloop()

Answer 1

问题不在于您使用

grid

。问题在于您使用

pack

.

您已经将列表框所在的框架打包到左侧，但您没有要求框架填充它分配的空间。像下面这样的东西会导致框架从上到下填充左侧，导致列表框出现在顶部：

frame.pack(side="left", padx=15, pady=5, fill="y")