所以我一直在尝试安装Shiny和Devtools R软件包，但是我遇到了同样的错误：无论什么类型的软件包总是有一个非零退出并包含“错误：未知输入名称'FILE'“消息。一个例子如下。为了记录，我已经运行了apt-get更新和升级命令，尝试重新安装R和RStudio等，但我一直遇到这个问题。
这是我的/etc/apt/sources.list：
#deb cdrom:[Linux Mint 18.1 _Serena_ - Release amd64 20161213]/ xenial contrib main non-free
deb http://cran.rstudio.com/bin/linux/ubuntu xenial/
deb https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu xenial/
我坚持这个，任何人都可以帮我弄清楚如何正确安装这些R包吗？我没有运气通过RStudio的IDE或通过CLI尝试...这里缺少什么?????
install.packages("tibble")
Installing package into ‘/home/lennys/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.3’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
also installing the dependency ‘lazyeval’
trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/lazyeval_0.2.0.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 317272 bytes (309 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 309 KB
trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/tibble_1.2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 54517 bytes (53 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 53 KB
* installing *source* package ‘lazyeval’ ...
** package ‘lazyeval’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** libs
gcc -std=gnu99 -I/usr/share/R/include -DNDEBUG -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -c expr.c -o expr.o
In file included from expr.c:3:0:
/usr/share/R/include/Rinternals.h:1042:48: error: unknown type name ‘FILE’
void R_InitFileInPStream(R_inpstream_t stream, FILE *fp,
^
/usr/share/R/include/Rinternals.h:1045:50: error: unknown type name ‘FILE’
void R_InitFileOutPStream(R_outpstream_t stream, FILE *fp,
^
/usr/lib/R/etc/Makeconf:132: recipe for target 'expr.o' failed
make: *** [expr.o] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘lazyeval’
* removing ‘/home/lennys/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.3/lazyeval’
ERROR: dependency ‘lazyeval’ is not available for package ‘tibble’
* removing ‘/home/lennys/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.3/tibble’
The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/RtmpvLx4dw/downloaded_packages’
Warning messages:
1: In install.packages("tibble") :
installation of package ‘lazyeval’ had non-zero exit status
2: In install.packages("tibble") :
installation of package ‘tibble’ had non-zero exit status
>
更多信息：我一直试图解决这个问题，但仍然没有成功。我一再看到这个：
In file included from print_stderr.c:2:0:
/usr/share/R/include/Rinternals.h:1042:48: error: unknown type name ‘FILE’
void R_InitFileInPStream(R_inpstream_t stream, FILE *fp,
^
/usr/share/R/include/Rinternals.h:1045:50: error: unknown type name ‘FILE’
void R_InitFileOutPStream(R_outpstream_t stream, FILE *fp,
我没有答案，但我只能告诉你
FILE是一个非常普通的老C，真的应该知道然后，首先要做的事情是：你是否安装了r-base-dev软件包，以确保满足一系列其他依赖性？
最后，从我的Ubuntu 16.10笔记本电脑登录：
edd@brad:~$ install.r tibble
trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/tibble_1.2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 54517 bytes (53 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 53 KB
* installing *source* package ‘tibble’ ...
** package ‘tibble’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** libs
ccache g++ -I/usr/share/R/include -DNDEBUG -I"/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/Rcpp/include" -fpic -g -O3 -Wall -pipe -Wno-unused -pedantic -march=native -c RcppExports.cpp -o RcppExports.o
ccache g++ -I/usr/share/R/include -DNDEBUG -I"/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/Rcpp/include" -fpic -g -O3 -Wall -pipe -Wno-unused -pedantic -march=native -c matrixToDataFrame.cpp -o matrixToDataFrame.o
g++ -Wl,-S -shared -L/usr/lib/R/lib -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -o tibble.so RcppExports.o matrixToDataFrame.o -L/usr/lib/R/lib -lR
installing to /usr/local/lib/R/site-library/tibble/libs
** R
** inst
** preparing package for lazy loading
** help
*** installing help indices
** building package indices
** installing vignettes
** testing if installed package can be loaded
* DONE (tibble)
The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/downloaded_packages’
edd@brad:~$
标准建议：也许在r-sig-debian上询问其他Mint用户潜伏在那里。
我已经这么做了很长时间才知道如果我想安装RStudio＆R，那么最好先检查并找出如何事先。所以当查询（ubuntu mint 16.10 rstudio install apt-get）没有返回任何类似可用答案的内容时，我并不感到惊讶。因此，我进行了调查，并设法偶然发现以下URL，这些URL明确表达了问题，并描述了一个命令行解决方案，以使功能和工作正常运行。
如果这已经解决了，那会很酷，但我的感觉是因为固有的Yak Shaving（http://sethgodin.typepad.com/seths_blog/2005/03/dont_shave_that.html）SNAFU级别与Ubuntu v16.04到v16.10的非功能性一样，这些修复说明仍然可行，并可能作为一个非常好的模板，用于修复类似于其他软件包的问题。
干杯，odoncaoa
我正在运行Mint 18.1，刚刚安装了R：
sudo apt-get install r-base r-base-dev
（我猜测只是“r-base-dev”就足够了。）
作为非root用户，我然后启动r并输入：
install.packages('tibble')
它询问了镜像，我选择了一个地理位置接近的镜像，它询问我是否要创建一个本地存储库（而不是系统存储库），我说是的。
我的输出与你的不同：
also installing the dependencies ‘rlang’, ‘Rcpp’
trying URL 'https://cran.ma.imperial.ac.uk/src/contrib/rlang_0.1.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 201419 bytes (196 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 196 KB
trying URL 'https://cran.ma.imperial.ac.uk/src/contrib/Rcpp_0.12.11.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 2485092 bytes (2.4 MB)
==================================================
downloaded 2.4 MB
trying URL 'https://cran.ma.imperial.ac.uk/src/contrib/tibble_1.3.3.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 91511 bytes (89 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 89 KB
即tibble是版本1.3.3，而不是1.2，而rcpp和rlang是依赖项，而不是lazyeval。但我怀疑这与你得到的错误信息有关，更多的是与2月到6月之间发生变化的事情有关。
我从另一个答案看到你放弃并重新安装了操作系统（Mint / Ubuntu差异不会导致你看到的错误）。我怀疑一个不那么极端的解决方案就是卸载r并重新安装，确保它是你安装的'r-base-dev'。如果它继续，卸载并重新安装'gcc'，因为抱怨FILE是一个标志，C编译器安装严重搞砸了。
我有同样的问题，我已经解决了：
然后，重新安装R：