Springboot 在一次查询中填充 DTO 类

Question

我有一个管理用户、用户配置文件和角色的 springboot 应用程序
一个用户只能有一个配置文件（我想要一个单向关系，我只需要从用户导航 - >用户配置文件）
一个用户可以有很多“角色”（权限），我想要一个多对多的关系
这是实体的代码：
用户

@AllArgsConstructor
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
public class User extends AbstractAuditingEntity<Long> {
  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
  @Column(name = "user_id")
  private Long id;

  @NotBlank
  @Size(max = 15)
  private String username;

  @NaturalId
  @NotBlank
  @Size(max = 40)
  @Email
  private String email;

  @NotBlank
  @Size(max = 100)
  private String password;

  @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
  @JoinTable(name = "user_roles", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "role_id"))
  private Set<Role> roles = new HashSet<>();

  @OneToOne(mappedBy = "user", fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
  @JsonManagedReference
  private UserProfile userProfile;
}

UserProfile (@OneToOne with User)

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity
@Table(name="user_profile")
public class UserProfile {

    @Id
    @Column(name="user_id")
    private Long id;
    
    @Column(name="first_name")
    private String firstName;

    @Column(name="last_name")
    private String lastName;

    @Column(name = "phone_number")
    @Size(max = 15)
    private String phoneNumber;

    @OneToOne
    @MapsId
    @JoinColumn(name = "user_id")
    @JsonBackReference
    private User user;

}

角色（@ManyToMany 与用户）

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity
@Table(name="roles")
public class Role {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name="role_id")
    private Long id;

    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
    @NaturalId
    @Column(length = 60)
    private RoleName name;
}

我正在尝试仅通过 DTO 类获取具有 UserProfile 的用户：

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class UserWithProfileDto {
    private String username;
    private String email;
    private String password;
    private UserProfile userProfile;
}

查询如下：

    @Query("""
      select new com.springboot.jwtstarter.domain.dto.UserRolesDto
      (u.username, u.email, u.password, u.userProfile)
       from User u 
       where u.id = (:id)
    """)
    Optional<UserRolesDto> findUserRoleDtoById(Long id);

我想在一个查询中这样做但是控制台显示了2个查询：

select u1_0.username,u1_0.email,u1_0.password,u2_0.user_id,u2_0.first_name,u2_0.last_name,u2_0.phone_number from users u1_0 join user_profile u2_0 on u1_0.user_id=u2_0.user_id where u1_0.user_id=?

 select u1_0.user_id,u1_0.created_by,u1_0.created_date,u1_0.email,u1_0.last_modified_by,u1_0.last_modified_date,u1_0.password,u1_0.username from users u1_0 where u1_0.user_id=?

我想澄清以下几点：

1. 如何在 One database hit with a join 中执行上述查询？
2. 如何对用户和它的角色做同样的事情？