git忽略某些子目录/文件夹及其内容

Question

我有以下目录结构：

ls -l experiment/

foo.sh
gen__20190425_144843
gen__20190425_144854
bar.yml

其中gen___是文件夹。

我如何将.gitignore文件写入：

• 跟踪foo.sh和bar.yml
• 而不是跟踪所有gen___文件夹

我试过这个但是不起作用（仍然跟踪gen文件夹）

./experiment/gen__*/*
!./experiment/foo.sh
!./experiment/bar.yml

Answer 1

experiment/gen__*应该足够，如下例所示：

~$ mkdir test
~$ cd test
~/test$ git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/mh/test/.git/
~/test$ touch foo.sh
~/test$ touch bar.yml
~/test$ mkdir gen__20190425_144843
~/test$ touch gen__20190425_144843/1
~/test$ touch gen__20190425_144843/2
~/test$ mkdir gen__20190425_144854
~/test$ touch gen__20190425_144854/3
~/test$ touch gen__20190425_144854/4
~/test$ tree
.
├── bar.yml
├── foo.sh
├── gen__20190425_144843
│   ├── 1
│   └── 2
└── gen__20190425_144854
    ├── 3
    └── 4

2 directories, 6 files
~/test$ git status
On branch master

No commits yet

Untracked files:
  (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)

    bar.yml
    foo.sh
    gen__20190425_144843/
    gen__20190425_144854/

nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
~/test$ echo "gen__*" > .gitignore
~/test$ cat .gitignore 
gen__*
~/test$ git status
On branch master

No commits yet

Untracked files:
  (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)

    .gitignore
    bar.yml
    foo.sh

nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

Answer 2

正如评论所示，我最终使用以下内容：

experiment/gen__*/*
!experiment/foo.sh
!experiment/bar.yml

重要的是使用裸目录名称：

• 正确的：experiment/
• 不对：./experiment/