我有一个IP地址，我有两个其他IP地址，它们共同创建一个IP范围。我想检查第一个IP地址是否在此范围内。我怎样才能在PHP中找到它？
使用ip2long()，您可以轻松将地址转换为数字。在此之后，您只需检查数字是否在范围内：
if ($ip <= $high_ip && $low_ip <= $ip) {
echo "in range";
}
This website offers a great guide and code这样做（这是Google搜索此问题的第一个结果）：
<?php
/*
* ip_in_range.php - Function to determine if an IP is located in a
* specific range as specified via several alternative
* formats.
*
* Network ranges can be specified as:
* 1. Wildcard format: 1.2.3.*
* 2. CIDR format: 1.2.3/24 OR 1.2.3.4/255.255.255.0
* 3. Start-End IP format: 1.2.3.0-1.2.3.255
*
* Return value BOOLEAN : ip_in_range($ip, $range);
*
* Copyright 2008: Paul Gregg <[email protected]>
* 10 January 2008
* Version: 1.2
*
* Source website: http://www.pgregg.com/projects/php/ip_in_range/
* Version 1.2
*
* This software is Donationware - if you feel you have benefited from
* the use of this tool then please consider a donation. The value of
* which is entirely left up to your discretion.
* http://www.pgregg.com/donate/
*
* Please do not remove this header, or source attibution from this file.
*/
// decbin32
// In order to simplify working with IP addresses (in binary) and their
// netmasks, it is easier to ensure that the binary strings are padded
// with zeros out to 32 characters - IP addresses are 32 bit numbers
Function decbin32 ($dec) {
return str_pad(decbin($dec), 32, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
}
// ip_in_range
// This function takes 2 arguments, an IP address and a "range" in several
// different formats.
// Network ranges can be specified as:
// 1. Wildcard format: 1.2.3.*
// 2. CIDR format: 1.2.3/24 OR 1.2.3.4/255.255.255.0
// 3. Start-End IP format: 1.2.3.0-1.2.3.255
// The function will return true if the supplied IP is within the range.
// Note little validation is done on the range inputs - it expects you to
// use one of the above 3 formats.
Function ip_in_range($ip, $range) {
if (strpos($range, '/') !== false) {
// $range is in IP/NETMASK format
list($range, $netmask) = explode('/', $range, 2);
if (strpos($netmask, '.') !== false) {
// $netmask is a 255.255.0.0 format
$netmask = str_replace('*', '0', $netmask);
$netmask_dec = ip2long($netmask);
return ( (ip2long($ip) & $netmask_dec) == (ip2long($range) & $netmask_dec) );
} else {
// $netmask is a CIDR size block
// fix the range argument
$x = explode('.', $range);
while(count($x)<4) $x[] = '0';
list($a,$b,$c,$d) = $x;
$range = sprintf("%u.%u.%u.%u", empty($a)?'0':$a, empty($b)?'0':$b,empty($c)?'0':$c,empty($d)?'0':$d);
$range_dec = ip2long($range);
$ip_dec = ip2long($ip);
# Strategy 1 - Create the netmask with 'netmask' 1s and then fill it to 32 with 0s
#$netmask_dec = bindec(str_pad('', $netmask, '1') . str_pad('', 32-$netmask, '0'));
# Strategy 2 - Use math to create it
$wildcard_dec = pow(2, (32-$netmask)) - 1;
$netmask_dec = ~ $wildcard_dec;
return (($ip_dec & $netmask_dec) == ($range_dec & $netmask_dec));
}
} else {
// range might be 255.255.*.* or 1.2.3.0-1.2.3.255
if (strpos($range, '*') !==false) { // a.b.*.* format
// Just convert to A-B format by setting * to 0 for A and 255 for B
$lower = str_replace('*', '0', $range);
$upper = str_replace('*', '255', $range);
$range = "$lower-$upper";
}
if (strpos($range, '-')!==false) { // A-B format
list($lower, $upper) = explode('-', $range, 2);
$lower_dec = (float)sprintf("%u",ip2long($lower));
$upper_dec = (float)sprintf("%u",ip2long($upper));
$ip_dec = (float)sprintf("%u",ip2long($ip));
return ( ($ip_dec>=$lower_dec) && ($ip_dec<=$upper_dec) );
}
echo 'Range argument is not in 1.2.3.4/24 or 1.2.3.4/255.255.255.0 format';
return false;
}
}
?>
我发现这个小gist有比这里已经提到的更简单/更短的解决方案。
第二个参数（范围）可以是静态IP，如127.0.0.1，也可以是127.0.0.0/24。
/**
* Check if a given ip is in a network
* @param string $ip IP to check in IPV4 format eg. 127.0.0.1
* @param string $range IP/CIDR netmask eg. 127.0.0.0/24, also 127.0.0.1 is accepted and /32 assumed
* @return boolean true if the ip is in this range / false if not.
*/
function ip_in_range( $ip, $range ) {
if ( strpos( $range, '/' ) == false ) {
$range .= '/32';
}
// $range is in IP/CIDR format eg 127.0.0.1/24
list( $range, $netmask ) = explode( '/', $range, 2 );
$range_decimal = ip2long( $range );
$ip_decimal = ip2long( $ip );
$wildcard_decimal = pow( 2, ( 32 - $netmask ) ) - 1;
$netmask_decimal = ~ $wildcard_decimal;
return ( ( $ip_decimal & $netmask_decimal ) == ( $range_decimal & $netmask_decimal ) );
}
if(version_compare($low_ip, $ip) + version_compare($ip, $high_ip) === -2) {
echo "in range";
}
PHP 5.1.0，inet_pton和inet_pton中引入了以下两个函数。它们的目的是将人类可读的IP地址转换为其打包的in_addr表示。由于结果不是纯二进制，我们需要使用unpack函数来应用按位运算符。
这两个功能都支持IPv6和IPv4。唯一的区别是如何从结果中解压缩地址。使用IPv6，您将使用A16解压缩内容，使用IPv4，您将使用A4解压缩。
将前一个放在透视图中是一个小样本输出，以帮助澄清：
// Our Example IP's
$ip4= "10.22.99.129";
$ip6= "fe80:1:2:3:a:bad:1dea:dad";
// ip2long examples
var_dump( ip2long($ip4) ); // int(169239425)
var_dump( ip2long($ip6) ); // bool(false)
// inet_pton examples
var_dump( inet_pton( $ip4 ) ); // string(4)
var_dump( inet_pton( $ip6 ) ); // string(16)
我们在上面证明了inet_ *系列支持IPv6和v4。我们的下一步是将打包结果转换为解压缩变量。
// Unpacking and Packing
$_u4 = current( unpack( "A4", inet_pton( $ip4 ) ) );
var_dump( inet_ntop( pack( "A4", $_u4 ) ) ); // string(12) "10.22.99.129"
$_u6 = current( unpack( "A16", inet_pton( $ip6 ) ) );
var_dump( inet_ntop( pack( "A16", $_u6 ) ) ); //string(25) "fe80:1:2:3:a:bad:1dea:dad"
注意：current函数返回数组的第一个索引。它相当于说$ array [0]。
打开包装后，我们可以看到我们获得了与输入相同的结果。这是一个简单的概念证明，可确保我们不会丢失任何数据。
最后使用，
if ($ip <= $high_ip && $low_ip <= $ip) {
echo "in range";
}
参考：php.net
顺便说一下，如果你需要一次检查多个范围，你可以在代码中添加几行以传递范围数组。第二个参数可以是数组或字符串：
public static function ip_in_range($ip, $range) {
if (is_array($range)) {
foreach ($range as $r) {
return self::ip_in_range($ip, $r);
}
} else {
if ($ip === $range) { // in case you have passed a static IP, not a range
return TRUE;
}
}
// The rest of the code follows here..
// .........
}
这是我对这个主题的看法。
function validateIP($whitelist, $ip) {
// e.g ::1
if($whitelist == $ip) {
return true;
}
// split each part of the IP address and set it to an array
$validated1 = explode(".", $whitelist);
$validated2 = explode(".", $ip);
// check array index to avoid undefined index errors
if(count($validated1) >= 3 && count($validated2) == 4) {
// check that each value of the array is identical with our whitelisted IP,
// except from the last part which doesn't matter
if($validated1[0] == $validated2[0] && $validated1[1] == $validated2[1] && $validated1[2] == $validated2[2]) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}