生成AES 256位密钥值

问题描述 投票:6回答:5

有没有人知道从任何长度的密码短语生成256位密钥值的方法?加密不能被加密,因为需要再次生成加密值并在数据库中进行比较。因此,每次加密时,值必须生成相同的加密字符串。

目前我正在使用一个32字符键来处理可能不正确的假设这是256位?

那么,我想要将“快速棕色狐狸”转换为合适的AES 256位密钥?

c# hash aes encryption-symmetric
5个回答
16
投票

您可以使用任意大小的密码构造Rfc2898DeriveBytes Class,然后在这种情况下派生所需大小的密钥,256位(32字节):

private static byte[] CreateKey(string password, int keyBytes = 32)
{
    const int Iterations = 300;
    var keyGenerator = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(password, Salt, Iterations);
    return keyGenerator.GetBytes(keyBytes);
}

为了产生确定性输出(即相同的输入将产生相同的输出),您将需要对盐进行硬编码。盐必须至少为8个字节:

private static readonly byte[] Salt = 
    new byte[] { 10, 20, 30 , 40, 50, 60, 70, 80};

2
投票

可能最好的方法是使用SHA256(它将生成256位输出)和特定于应用程序的盐和迭代计数来使用PBKDF2。您应该知道,使用特定于应用程序的盐可以从PBKDF2中删除相当多的保护,因此您可能需要额外的保护来缓解此问题。一种方法是确保数据库是安全的,并且可以使用最大量的尝试。

你在规定32字符密码不是256位密钥时是正确的。它不包含足够的熵,有些字节甚至可能没有有效的字符表示。


0
投票
public static string GenerateBitKey(int letterCount = 44)
    {
        // Get the number of words and letters per word.
        int num_letters = letterCount;
        // Make an array of the letters we will use.
        char[] letters = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789".ToCharArray();

        // Make a random number generator.
        Random rand = new Random();

        // Make the words.
        // Make a word.
        string word = "";
        for (int j = 1; j <= num_letters; j++)
        {
            // Pick a random number between 0 and 25
            // to select a letter from the letters array.
            int letter_num = rand.Next(0, letters.Length - 1);

            // Append the letter.
            word += letters[letter_num];
        }
        return word;
    }

0
投票
 private static IBuffer GetMD5Hash(string key)
    {
        IBuffer bufferUTF8Msg = CryptographicBuffer.ConvertStringToBinary(key, BinaryStringEncoding.Utf8);
        HashAlgorithmProvider hashAlgorithmProvider = HashAlgorithmProvider.OpenAlgorithm(HashAlgorithmNames.Md5);
        IBuffer hashBuffer = hashAlgorithmProvider.HashData(bufferUTF8Msg);
        if (hashBuffer.Length != hashAlgorithmProvider.HashLength)
        {
            throw new Exception("There was an error creating the hash");
        }
        return hashBuffer;
    }

    #region Static

    public static string GenerateKey(string password, int resultKeyLength = 68)
    {
        if (password.Length < 6)
            throw new ArgumentException("password length must atleast 6 characters or above");
        string key = "";

        var hashKey = GetMD5Hash(password);
        var decryptBuffer = CryptographicBuffer.ConvertStringToBinary(password, BinaryStringEncoding.Utf8);
        var AES = SymmetricKeyAlgorithmProvider.OpenAlgorithm(SymmetricAlgorithmNames.AesEcbPkcs7);
        var symmetricKey = AES.CreateSymmetricKey(hashKey);
        var encryptedBuffer = CryptographicEngine.Encrypt(symmetricKey, decryptBuffer, null);
        key = CryptographicBuffer.EncodeToBase64String(encryptedBuffer);
        string cleanKey  = key.Trim(new char[] { ' ', '\r', '\t', '\n', '/', '+', '=' });
        cleanKey = cleanKey.Replace("/", string.Empty).Replace("+", string.Empty).Replace("=", string.Empty);
        key = cleanKey;
        if(key.Length > resultKeyLength)
        {
           key = key.Substring(0, Math.Min(key.Length, resultKeyLength));
        }
        else if(key.Length == resultKeyLength)
        {
            return key;
        }
        else if (key.Length < resultKeyLength)
        {
            key = GenerateKey(key);
        }
        return key;

    }

//获取AES密钥的前44个字符和AES IV的剩余字符


-1
投票

您可以使用一些散列函数,从任意长度的输入提供256位输出,例如SHA256。

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