为什么“ let”语句强制“应用do”语句块要求monad约束?

问题描述 投票:3回答:2

考虑此示例:

{-# language ApplicativeDo #-}

module X where

data Tuple a b = Tuple a b deriving Show

instance Functor (Tuple a) where
    fmap f (Tuple x y) = Tuple x (f y)

instance Foldable (Tuple a) where
    foldr f z (Tuple _ y) = f y z

instance Traversable (Tuple a) where
    traverse f (Tuple x y) = do
        y' <- f y
        let t' = Tuple x y'
        return $ t'

看起来不错!但没有:

[1 of 1] Compiling X                ( X.hs, interpreted )

X.hs:15:9: error:
    • Could not deduce (Monad f) arising from a do statement
      from the context: Applicative f
        bound by the type signature for:
                   traverse :: forall (f :: * -> *) a1 b.
                               Applicative f =>
                               (a1 -> f b) -> Tuple a a1 -> f (Tuple a b)
        at X.hs:14:5-12
      Possible fix:
        add (Monad f) to the context of
          the type signature for:
            traverse :: forall (f :: * -> *) a1 b.
                        Applicative f =>
                        (a1 -> f b) -> Tuple a a1 -> f (Tuple a b)
    • In a stmt of a 'do' block: y' <- f y
      In the expression:
        do y' <- f y
           let t' = Tuple x y'
           return $ t'
      In an equation for ‘traverse’:
          traverse f (Tuple x y)
            = do y' <- f y
                 let t' = ...
                 return $ t'
   |
15 |         y' <- f y
   |         ^^^^^^^^^
Failed, no modules loaded.

即使失败:

instance Traversable (Tuple a) where
    traverse f (Tuple x y) = do
        y' <- f y
        let unrelated = 1
        return $ Tuple x y'

因此,引入任何let语句将从“ appliative do”中删除“ applicative”。为什么?

haskell monads ghc applicative do-notation
2个回答
3
投票

它将转换为

let unrelated = 1 in return $ Tuple x y'

不具有return <something>形式,而适用requires the last statement to be a return or pure

[通常,do语句何时导致return约束的规则如下。如果do-expression具有以下形式:

pure

[Monad中没有提及由do p1 <- E1; ...; pn <- En; return E 定义的变量,并且p1...pn都是变量或惰性模式,则表达式只需要E1...En。否则,表达式将需要p1...pn。该块可以根据ApplicativeMonad的结果E返回纯表达式p1...pn

注意:最终声明必须与以下模式之一完全匹配:

return

否则GHC无法将其识别为return语句,并且上面看到的使用pure的转换不适用。特别是,不会识别出诸如return E return $ E pure E pure $ E <$>的细微变化。

[如果您查看return . Just $ x中的删除修饰符的描述,它也完全不支持let x = e in return x


3
投票

您希望将其糖化为什么样的应用表达?单子表达式是一系列链接的作用域,因此https://gitlab.haskell.org/ghc/ghc/wikis/applicative-do引入一个可扩展到所有其余作用域的绑定是有意义的,但是在适用的情况下,各个表达式不能真正相互依赖,因此没有作用域将let糖化成糖是有意义的。

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