最近我在Windows上使用WSL在Ubuntu上安装了Bash来使用OpenFOAM。但是当我安装OpenFOAM时，它给出了如下错误：
-bash: eval: line 38: syntax error near unexpected token `('
-bash: eval: line 38:
`PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:
/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/mnt/c/Program:Files:
(x86)/Common:Files/Oracle/Java/javapath_target_495862015:
/mnt/c/oraclexe/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/server/BIN:
/mnt/c/ProgramData/Oracle/Java/javapath_target_496471312:
/mnt/d/PYTHON:INSTALLED:INSTALLED/Scripts:/mnt/c/MinGW/bin:
Files/PTC/MKSTOO~1/bin64:Files/PTC/MKSTOO~1/bin:
Files/PTC/MKSTOO~1/bin/X11:Files/PTC/MKSTOO~1/mksnt:
(x86)/PC:Connectivity:Solution:Files/Common:
Files/microsoft:shared/Windows:Live:
/mnt/c/Windows/System32:/mnt/c/Windows:
/mnt/c/Windows/System32/wbem:
/mnt/c/Windows/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0:
(x86)/Windows:Live/Shared:
(x86)/Calibre2:Files/Microsoft/Web:Platform:Installer:
`(x86)/Microsoft:ASP.NET/ASP.NET:Web:Pages/v1.0:Files/Microsoft:SQL:Server/110/Tools/Binn:/mnt/d/MATLAB:installed/R2014b/runtime/win64:installed/R2014b/bin:(x86)/NVIDIA:Corporation/PhysX/Common:Server/120/Tools/Binn:
`(x86)/Skype/Phone:Files/LENOVO/easyplussdk/bin:Files/Calibre2:Server/100/Tools/Binn:Server/100/DTS/Binn:Server/100/Tools/Binn/VSShell/Common7/IDE:Server/Client:SDK/ODBC/130/Tools/Binn:Server/130/Tools/Binn:Server/130/DTS/Binn:Server/140/Tools/Binn:Server/140/DTS/Binn:Server/140/Tools/Binn/ManagementStudio:/mnt/c/Windows/System32/OpenSSH:Files/Java/jdk1.7.0/bin:(x86)/Nmap:/mnt/c/MinGW/msys/1.0/bin:/mnt/c/Users/asus/AppData/Local/Microsoft/WindowsApps:/snap/bin'
-bash: eval: line 62: syntax error near unexpected token `('
-bash: eval: line 62: `PATH=/opt/OpenFOAM/ThirdParty-v1806/platforms/linux64Gcc63/openmpi-1.10.4/bin:/opt/OpenFOAM/ThirdParty-v1806/platforms/linux64/gcc-6.3.0/bin:/home/maddy/OpenFOAM/maddy-v1806/platforms/linux64Gcc63DPInt32Opt/bin:/opt/OpenFOAM/site/v1806/platforms/linux64Gcc63DPInt32Opt/bin:/opt/OpenFOAM/OpenFOAM-v1806/platforms/linux64Gcc63DPInt32Opt/bin:/opt/OpenFOAM/OpenFOAM-v1806/bin:/opt/OpenFOAM/OpenFOAM-v1806/wmake:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/mnt/c/Program:Files:(x86)/Common:Files/Oracle/Java/javapath_target_495862015:/mnt/c/oraclexe/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/server/BIN:/mnt/c/ProgramData/Oracle/Java/javapath_target_496471312:/mnt/d/PYTHON:INSTALLED:INSTALLED/Scripts:/mnt/c/MinGW/bin:Files/PTC/MKSTOO~1/bin64:Files/PTC/MKSTOO~1/bin:Files/PTC/MKSTOO~1/bin/X11:Files/PTC/MKSTOO~1/mksnt:(x86)/PC:Connectivity:Solution:Files/Common:Files/microsoft:shared/Windows:Live:/mnt/c/Windows/System32:/mnt/c/Windows:/mnt/c/Windows/System32/wbem:/mnt/c/Windows/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0:(x86)/Windows:Live/Shared:(x86)/Calibre2:Files/Microsoft/Web:Platform:Installer:(x86)/Microsoft:ASP.NET/ASP.NET:Web:Pages/v1.0:Files/Microsoft:SQL:Server/110/Tools/Binn:/mnt/d/MATLAB:installed/R2014b/runtime/win64:installed/R2014b/bin:(x86)/NVIDIA:Corporation/PhysX/Common:Server/120/Tools/Binn:(x86)/Skype/Phone:Files/LENOVO/easyplussdk/bin:Files/Calibre2:Server/100/Tools/Binn:Server/100/DTS/Binn:Server/100/Tools/Binn/VSShell/Common7/IDE:Server/Client:SDK/ODBC/130/Tools/Binn:Server/130/Tools/Binn:Server/130/DTS/Binn:Server/140/Tools/Binn:Server/140/DTS/Binn:Server/140/Tools/Binn/ManagementStudio:/mnt/c/Windows/System32/OpenSSH:Files/Java/jdk1.7.0/bin:
(x86)/Nmap:/mnt/c/MinGW/msys/1.0/bin:/mnt/c/Users/asus/AppData/Local/Microsoft/WindowsApps:/snap/bin:'
-bash: eval: line 38: syntax error near unexpected token `('
-bash: eval: line 38: `PATH=/opt/OpenFOAM/ThirdParty-v1806/platforms/linux64Gcc63/gperftools-2.5/bin:/opt/OpenFOAM/ThirdParty-v1806/platforms/linux64Gcc63/openmpi-1.10.4/bin:/opt/OpenFOAM/ThirdParty-v1806/platforms/linux64/gcc-6.3.0/bin:/home/maddy/OpenFOAM/maddy-v1806/platforms/linux64Gcc63DPInt32Opt/bin:/opt/OpenFOAM/site/v1806/platforms/linux64Gcc63DPInt32Opt/bin:/opt/OpenFOAM/OpenFOAM-v1806/platforms/linux64Gcc63DPInt32Opt/bin:/opt/OpenFOAM/OpenFOAM-v1806/bin:/opt/OpenFOAM/OpenFOAM-v1806/wmake:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/mnt/c/Program:Files:(x86)/Common:Files/Oracle/Java/javapath_target_495862015:/mnt/c/oraclexe/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/server/BIN:/mnt/c/ProgramData/Oracle/Java/javapath_target_496471312:/mnt/d/PYTHON:INSTALLED:INSTALLED/Scripts:/mnt/c/MinGW/bin:Files/PTC/MKSTOO~1/bin64:Files/PTC/MKSTOO~1/bin:Files/PTC/MKSTOO~1/bin/X11:Files/PTC/MKSTOO~1/mksnt:(x86)/PC:Connectivity:Solution:Files/Common:Files/microsoft:shared/Windows:Live:/mnt/c/Windows/System32:/mnt/c/Windows:/mnt/c/Windows/System32/wbem:/mnt/c/Windows/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0:(x86)/Windows:Live/Shared:(x86)/Calibre2:Files/Microsoft/Web:Platform:Installer:(x86)/Microsoft:ASP.NET/ASP.NET:Web:Pages/v1.0:Files/Microsoft:SQL:Server/110/Tools/Binn:/mnt/d/MATLAB:installed/R2014b/runtime/win64:installed/R2014b/bin:(x86)/NVIDIA:Corporation/PhysX/Common:Server/120/Tools/Binn:(x86)/Skype/Phone:Files/LENOVO/easyplussdk/bin:Files/Calibre2:Server/100/Tools/Binn:Server/100/DTS/Binn:Server/100/Tools/Binn/VSShell/Common7/IDE:Server/Client:SDK/ODBC/130/Tools/Binn:Server/130/Tools/Binn:Server/130/DTS/Binn:Server/140/Tools/Binn:Server/140/DTS/Binn:Server/140/Tools/Binn/ManagementStudio:/mnt/c/Windows/System32/OpenSSH:Files/Java/jdk1.7.0/bin:(x86)/Nmap:/mnt/c/MinGW/msys/1.0/bin:/mnt/c/Users/asus/AppData/Local/Microsoft/WindowsApps:/snap/bin'
我是Linux的新手，我无法弄清楚这个错误是什么。我已经弄清楚它可能是OpenFOAM中bashrc文件的一个问题，因为只有在我发送它时才会出现错误。请帮我。 Openfoam instalation文件夹中的bashrc文件是：
#----------------------------------*-sh-*------------------------------------
--
# ========= |
# \\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
# \\ / O peration |
# \\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
# \\/ M anipulation | Copyright (C) 2016-2018 OpenCFD Ltd.
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
# License
# This file is part of OpenFOAM, licensed under GNU General Public
License
# <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
# File
# etc/bashrc
#
# Description
# The OpenFOAM environment for POSIX shell (eg, bash,dash,zsh,...).
# Source manually or from the ~/.bashrc or ~/.profile files.
#
# Many settings can be overridden using a <prefs.sh> file:
#
# - Base values (eg, from system admin):
# - $WM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/prefs.sh
#
# - User or group values (first file found):
# - ~/.OpenFOAM/$WM_PROJECT_VERSION/prefs.sh
# - ~/.OpenFOAM/prefs.sh
# - $WM_PROJECT_SITE/site/$WM_PROJECT_VERSION/prefs.sh
# - $WM_PROJECT_SITE/site/prefs.sh
#
# Note: Changes made to this bashrc file may be lost with the next upgrade.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
export WM_PROJECT=OpenFOAM
export WM_PROJECT_VERSION=v1806
# [FOAM_INST_DIR] - parent directory containing the OpenFOAM installation.
# \- When this file is located as $WM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/bashrc, the next lines
# should work when sourced by BASH or ZSH shells. If this however fails,
# set one of the fallback values to an appropriate path.
# --
rc="${BASH_SOURCE:-${ZSH_NAME:+$0}}"
[ -n "$rc" ] && FOAM_INST_DIR=$(\cd $(dirname $rc)/../.. && \pwd -L) || \
FOAM_INST_DIR=$HOME/$WM_PROJECT
# FOAM_INST_DIR=/opt/$WM_PROJECT
# FOAM_INST_DIR=/usr/local/$WM_PROJECT
#
# END OF (NORMAL) USER EDITABLE PART
############################################################################
: # Extra safety - if the user commented out all fallback values
unset rc
# Configuration environment variables.
# Should override via <prefs.sh> file instead of editing this file.
# [WM_COMPILER_TYPE] - Compiler location:
# = system | ThirdParty
export WM_COMPILER_TYPE=ThirdParty
# [WM_COMPILER] - Compiler:
# = Gcc | Gcc4[8-9] | Gcc5[1-5] | Gcc6[1-4] | Gcc7[1-3] | Gcc8[1] | GccKNL |
# Clang | Clang3[7-9] | Clang[4-6]0 | Icc | IccKNL | Cray | Arm
export WM_COMPILER=Gcc63
# [WM_ARCH_OPTION] - Memory addressing:
# = 32 | 64
# * on a 64-bit OS this can be 32 or 64
# * on a 32-bit OS, it is always 32-bit and this option is ignored
export WM_ARCH_OPTION=64
# [WM_PRECISION_OPTION] - Floating-point precision:
# = DP | SP
export WM_PRECISION_OPTION=DP
# [WM_LABEL_SIZE] - Label size in bits:
# = 32 | 64
export WM_LABEL_SIZE=32
# [WM_COMPILE_OPTION] - Optimised, debug, profiling:
# = Opt | Debug | Prof
export WM_COMPILE_OPTION=Opt
# [WM_MPLIB] - MPI implementation:
export WM_MPLIB=OPENMPI
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# (legacy / advanced)
#
# [FOAM_SIGFPE] - Trap floating-point exceptions.
# - overrides the 'trapFpe' controlDict entry
# = true | false
#export FOAM_SIGFPE=true
# [FOAM_SETNAN] - Initialize memory with NaN
# - overrides the 'setNaN' controlDict entry
# = true | false
#export FOAM_SETNAN=false
# [WM_OSTYPE] - Operating System Type:
# = POSIX
#export WM_OSTYPE=POSIX
############################################################################
# Old directories to be cleaned from PATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH
foamOldDirs="$WM_PROJECT_DIR $WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR \
$HOME/$WM_PROJECT/$USER $FOAM_USER_APPBIN $FOAM_USER_LIBBIN \
$WM_PROJECT_SITE $FOAM_SITE_APPBIN $FOAM_SITE_LIBBIN"
# Location of installation and third-party software
export WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR=$FOAM_INST_DIR
export WM_PROJECT_DIR=$WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR/$WM_PROJECT-$WM_PROJECT_VERSION
export WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR=$WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR/ThirdParty-$WM_PROJECT_VERSION
# [WM_PROJECT_SITE] - Location of site-specific (group) files
# default (unset) implies WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR/site
if [ -d "$WM_PROJECT_SITE" ]
then
export WM_PROJECT_SITE
else
unset WM_PROJECT_SITE
fi
# [WM_PROJECT_USER_DIR] - Location of user files
export WM_PROJECT_USER_DIR=$HOME/$WM_PROJECT/$USER-$WM_PROJECT_VERSION
# Load shell functions
. $WM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/config.sh/functions
# Overrides via <prefs.sh>
_foamEtc -mode=o prefs.sh # 1) other (system) values
_foamEtc -mode=ug prefs.sh # 2) user or group values
# Evaluate command-line parameters and record settings for later.
# These can be used to set/unset values, specify additional files etc.
export FOAM_SETTINGS="$@"
_foamEval $@
# Clean standard environment variables (PATH, MANPATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH)
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
export PATH MANPATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH
_foamClean PATH "$foamOldDirs"
_foamClean MANPATH "$foamOldDirs"
_foamClean LD_LIBRARY_PATH "$foamOldDirs"
# Setup for OpenFOAM compilation etc
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_foamEtc -config settings
# Setup for third-party packages
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_foamEtc -config mpi
_foamEtc -config paraview -- $@ # Pass through for evaluation
_foamEtc -config vtk
_foamEtc -config ensight
_foamEtc -config gperftools
## _foamEtc -config ADIOS
## _foamEtc -config ADIOS2
_foamEtc -config CGAL
_foamEtc -config scotch
_foamEtc -config FFTW
# Interactive shell
if /usr/bin/tty -s 2>/dev/null
then
_foamEtc -config aliases
[ "${BASH_VERSINFO:-0}" -ge 4 ] && _foamEtc -config bash_completion
fi
# Clean environment paths again. Only remove duplicates
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
export PATH MANPATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH
_foamClean PATH
_foamClean MANPATH
_foamClean LD_LIBRARY_PATH
# Add trailing ':' for system manpages
if [ -n "$MANPATH" ]
then
MANPATH="${MANPATH}:"
fi
if [ -n "$LD_PRELOAD" ]
then
export LD_PRELOAD
_foamClean LD_PRELOAD
fi
# Cleanup temporary information
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Unload shell functions
. $WM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/config.sh/functions
# Variables (done as the last statement for a clean exit code)
unset FOAM_INST_DIR # Old variable name (OpenFOAM-v1606) - now unneeded
unset cleaned foamOldDirs
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
这是因为OpenFoam团队在他们的bashrc中设置了错误的默认安装路径。它被默认为$HOME，其网站上的安装指南将其设置为/opt/。
您可以通过在OpenFoam FOAM_INST_DIR=$HOME/$WM_PROJECT文件中注释FOAM_INST_DIR=/opt/$WM_PROJECT并取消注释bashrc来解决此问题。
我不确定为什么the other response被接受为正确的解决方案。这与OpenFOAM完全无关。正如我已经解释过here，WSL继承了Windows环境变量，这些变量具有不兼容的字符，如空格或括号。这是一个我将尝试在他们的github回购中报告的错误。但目前解决方法是运行regedit程序并提交以下条目：
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment\Path
正确的时钟并修改它。找到两个;之间的所有参数，并在不相容的字符周围加上引号"..."，在这个特定的情况下括号。
顺便说一下，它是一个误报，它不应该影响OpenFOAM的编译/功能。