TypeError：int（）参数必须是字符串，类似字节的对象或数字，而不是'list'

Question

我无法将函数作为参数传递给另一个函数。这是我的代码：

噶.朋友:

def display_pageviews(hostname):
    pageviews_results = get_pageviews_query(service, hostname).execute()
    if pageviews_results.get('rows', []):
        pv = pageviews_results.get('rows')
        return pv[0]
    else:
        return None


def get_pageviews_query(service, hostname):  
    return service.data().ga().get(
        ids=VIEW_ID,
        start_date='7daysAgo',
        end_date='today',
        metrics='ga:pageviews',
        sort='-ga:pageviews',
        filters='ga:hostname==%s' % hostname,)

models.朋友:

class Stats(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField('auth.User')
    views = models.IntegerField()
    visits = models.IntegerField()
    unique_visits = models.IntegerField()

update stats.朋友:

class Command(BaseCommand):

    def handle(self, *args, **options):
        users = User.objects.all()
        try:
            for user in users:
                hostname = '%s.%s' % (user.username, settings.NETWORK_DOMAIN)
                stats = Stats.objects.update_or_create(
                    user=user,
                    views=display_pageviews(hostname),
                    visits=display_visits(hostname),
                    unique_visits=display_unique_visits(hostname),)
        except FieldError:
            print ('There was a field error.')

当我运行这个：python manage.py updatestats我得到错误：

TypeError：int（）参数必须是字符串，类似字节的对象或数字，而不是'list'

我不知道是什么原因造成的。我已经尝试将其转换为字符串，但我得到了同样的错误。有任何想法吗？

完全追溯：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 20, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 353, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 345, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 348, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 399, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/project_files/project/main/management/commands/updatestats.py", line 23, in handle
    unique_visits=display_unique_visits(hostname),)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 122, in manager_method
    return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 480, in update_or_create
    obj = self.get(**lookup)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 378, in get
    clone = self.filter(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 790, in filter
    return self._filter_or_exclude(False, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 808, in _filter_or_exclude
    clone.query.add_q(Q(*args, **kwargs))
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1243, in add_q
    clause, _ = self._add_q(q_object, self.used_aliases)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1269, in _add_q
    allow_joins=allow_joins, split_subq=split_subq,
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1203, in build_filter
    condition = self.build_lookup(lookups, col, value)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1099, in build_lookup
    return final_lookup(lhs, rhs)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/lookups.py", line 19, in __init__
    self.rhs = self.get_prep_lookup()
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/lookups.py", line 57, in get_prep_lookup
    return self.lhs.output_field.get_prep_lookup(self.lookup_name, self.rhs)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 1860, in get_prep_lookup
    return super(IntegerField, self).get_prep_lookup(lookup_type, value)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 744, in get_prep_lookup
    return self.get_prep_value(value)
  File "/Users/myusername/project/Dev/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 1854, in get_prep_value
    return int(value)
TypeError: int() argument must be a string, a bytes-like object or a number, not 'list'

编辑：

好吧，我明白这是什么问题。我使用shell来获取函数输出的类型：

>>> type(display_pageviews('test.domain.com'))
<class 'list'>

我试过这个但它仍然被认为是一个列表：

pv = pageviews_results.get('rows')[0]
    return pv

Answer 1

错误告诉你的是，你无法将整个列表转换为整数。您可以从列表中获取索引并将其转换为整数：

x = ["0", "1", "2"] 
y = int(x[0]) #accessing the zeroth element

如果您尝试将整个列表转换为整数，则必须先将列表转换为字符串：

x = ["0", "1", "2"]
y = ''.join(x) # converting list into string
z = int(y)

如果列表元素不是字符串，则必须在使用str.join之前将它们转换为字符串：

x = [0, 1, 2]
y = ''.join(map(str, x))
z = int(y)

另外，如上所述，请确保您没有返回嵌套列表。