GDB 核心转储：通过 build-id 查找可执行文件

Question

是否可以让GDB自动找到对应的可执行文件？我已经提取了调试符号并将它们放入 /usr/lib/debug/.build-id/ 目录中。当我用

gdb /usr/bin/executable core

启动 GDB 时，一切都工作正常。可执行文件和所有共享库的所有调试符号都会自动加载，因为 gdb 知道 build-id 并自动加载它。

$ gdb /usr/bin/executable core
GNU gdb (GDB) 7.0.1-debian
Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "i486-linux-gnu".
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>...
Reading symbols from /usr/bin/executable...Reading symbols from /usr/lib/debug/.build-id/b7/fada8ba917de74a6055647f3ac205dee1615c8.debug...done.

但是，当我刚刚启动 gdb 并加载核心文件时，没有加载调试符号。

(gdb) core-file core
[New Thread 10822]
[New Thread 10812]
Core was generated by `/usr/bin/executable'.
Program terminated with signal 6, Aborted.
#0  0xb7790424 in __kernel_vsyscall ()

使用

strace

运行 GDB 显示它甚至没有尝试找到它们。核心转储包含 build-id，所以我想 GDB 应该能够找到它......

$ eu-unstrip -n --core core
0x8048000+0x25d000 b7fada8ba917de74a6055647f3ac205dee1615c8@0x8048178 - - [exe]
0xb7790000+0x1000 da7bd9bbfe599f7e9b644d684db983c4b34d8f31@0xb77901ec . - linux-gate.so.1
0xb7771000+0x19000 242ae1f2965ed161f3715858d7792019963b57fd@0xb7771164 /lib/i686/cmov/libpthread.so.0 - libpthread.so.0
0xb7768000+0x9000 06a49519b1ede0f79596e4b0cd07d2beba43b2dc@0xb7768164 /lib/i686/cmov/librt.so.1 - librt.so.1
0xb7672000+0xf5000 9daf5aac9ccc9281f2805639c3f87731beae5548@0xb7672144 /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 - libstdc++.so.6
0xb764c000+0x26000 696d5fb148fe51609203903d470a8f85d458cd17@0xb764c164 /lib/i686/cmov/libm.so.6 - libm.so.6
0xb762e000+0x1e000 d2a7edbd5dafabb7bb90198eeb58013342c589f0@0xb762e104 /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 - libgcc_s.so.1
0xb74e7000+0x147000 2124040143ac9f7478cc16b474b1cfdfe2c45353@0xb74e7184 /lib/i686/cmov/libc.so.6 - libc.so.6
0xb7791000+0x1d000 5a6fc3cf12f68887cbf22da3a9785d00f7d91c41@0xb7791124 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 - ld-linux.so.2

有没有办法让 GDB 查找可执行文件的调试文件而不提供导致核心转储的可执行文件？

Answer 1

您可以尝试直接加载调试符号：

(gdb) symbol-file /tmp/your_debug_symbols.dbg

但我认为 coredump 本身对于 GDB 来说还不够，需要为其提供可执行文件来理解 core dump。