MongoDB 未与“localhost”连接

Question

为什么我的 MongoDB 数据库使用包含 127.0.0.1 的 URL 进行连接，而不是默认使用“localhost”，即使当我尝试使用“localhost”时它不起作用？ 这是我得到的错误：

MongooseServerSelectionError: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:27017
 {
  reason: TopologyDescription {
    type: 'Unknown',
    servers: Map(1) {
      'localhost:27017' => ServerDescription {
        address: 'localhost:27017',
        type: 'Unknown',
        hosts: [],
        passives: [],
        arbiters: [],
        tags: {},
        minWireVersion: 0,
        maxWireVersion: 0,
        roundTripTime: -1,
        lastUpdateTime: 79726509,
        lastWriteDate: 0,
        error: MongoNetworkError: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:27017
            at connectionFailureError (C:\Users\...\connect.js:379:20)
            at Socket.<anonymous> (C:\Users\...\connect.js:285:22)
            at Object.onceWrapper (node:events:628:26)
            at Socket.emit (node:events:513:28)
            at emitErrorNT (node:internal/streams/destroy:151:8)
            at emitErrorCloseNT (node:internal/streams/destroy:116:3)
            at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:82:21) {
          [Symbol(errorLabels)]: Set(1) { 'ResetPool' },
          [cause]: Error: connect ECONNREFUSED ::1:27017
              at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (node:net:1494:16) {
            errno: -4078,
            code: 'ECONNREFUSED',
            syscall: 'connect',
            address: '::1',
            port: 27017
          }
        },
        topologyVersion: null,
        setName: null,
        setVersion: null,
        electionId: null,
        logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes: null,
        primary: null,
        me: null,
        '$clusterTime': null
      }
    },
    stale: false,
    compatible: true,
    heartbeatFrequencyMS: 10000,
    localThresholdMS: 15,
    setName: null,
    maxElectionId: null,
    maxSetVersion: null,
    commonWireVersion: 0,
    logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes: null
  },
  code: undefined
}

Node.js v18.16.0

我尝试禁用公共和专用网络的防火墙，但仍然不起作用。当我替换代码中使用的 URL 中的“localhost”以使用 IP 127.0.0.1 连接到数据库时，数据库似乎已连接。

Answer 1

这似乎是 IPv6 问题。最有可能的是，

localhost

最初被解析为 IPv6 地址 (::1)，并且当失败时，node.js 不会再次尝试。当您指定 IPv4 地址 127.0.0.1 时，第一次尝试即可建立连接。