我在macOS上安装Xdebug时遇到很多问题。
从phpinfo页面中，我看到我正在使用的php.ini文件位于/etc/php.ini中。在遵循诸如this之类的一些教程时，提到了[xdebug] section应该仅被注释掉。我碰巧在页面底部完全看不到它，只是按照教程将其包括进去，从那以后，我的php -v将产生此输出
Failed loading /Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php7.3.9/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20180731/xdebug.so: dlopen(/Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php7.3.9/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20180731/xdebug.so, 0x0009): code signature in (/Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php7.3.9/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20180731/xdebug.so) not valid for use in process: mapping process is a platform binary, but mapped file is not
PHP 7.3.9 (cli) (built: Nov 9 2019 08:08:13) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.3.9, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
[我在尝试xdebug之前主要使用php 7.3.9，并且还尝试了一些解决方案，例如this，this和this，这主要是给我带来了失败的“ make”和空白的PHP API版本。这是从sudo pecl install xdebug
Password:
downloading xdebug-2.9.4.tgz ...
Starting to download xdebug-2.9.4.tgz (243,689 bytes)
..................................................done: 243,689 bytes
91 source files, building
running: phpize
grep: /usr/include/php/main/php.h: No such file or directory
grep: /usr/include/php/Zend/zend_modules.h: No such file or directory
grep: /usr/include/php/Zend/zend_extensions.h: No such file or directory
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version:
Zend Module Api No:
Zend Extension Api No:
building in /private/var/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootvAIHaa/xdebug-2.9.4
running: /private/var/tmp/pear/temp/xdebug/configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep
checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E
checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /usr/bin/sed
checking for cc... cc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables...
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether cc accepts -g... yes
checking for cc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking how to run the C preprocessor... cc -E
checking for icc... no
checking for suncc... no
checking whether cc understands -c and -o together... yes
checking for system library directory... lib
checking if compiler supports -R... no
checking if compiler supports -Wl,-rpath,... yes
checking build system type... x86_64-apple-darwin19.2.0
checking host system type... x86_64-apple-darwin19.2.0
checking target system type... x86_64-apple-darwin19.2.0
checking for PHP prefix... /usr
checking for PHP includes... -I/usr/include/php -I/usr/include/php/main -I/usr/include/php/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/Zend -I/usr/include/php/ext -I/usr/include/php/ext/date/lib
checking for PHP extension directory... /usr/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20180731
checking for PHP installed headers prefix... /usr/include/php
checking if debug is enabled... no
checking if zts is enabled... no
checking for re2c... no
configure: WARNING: You will need re2c 0.13.4 or later if you want to regenerate PHP parsers.
checking for gawk... no
checking for nawk... no
checking for awk... awk
checking if awk is broken... no
checking whether to enable Xdebug support... yes, shared
checking whether to enable Xdebug developer build flags... no
checking Check for supported PHP versions... supported (7.3.9)
checking for gettimeofday... yes
checking for ANSI C header files... yes
checking for sys/types.h... yes
checking for sys/stat.h... yes
checking for stdlib.h... yes
checking for string.h... yes
checking for memory.h... yes
checking for strings.h... yes
checking for inttypes.h... yes
checking for stdint.h... yes
checking for unistd.h... yes
checking netinet/in.h usability... yes
checking netinet/in.h presence... yes
checking for netinet/in.h... yes
checking poll.h usability... yes
checking poll.h presence... yes
checking for poll.h... yes
checking sys/poll.h usability... yes
checking sys/poll.h presence... yes
checking for sys/poll.h... yes
checking for cos in -lm... yes
checking for ld used by cc... /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/ld
checking if the linker (/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... no
checking for /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/ld option to reload object files... -r
checking for BSD-compatible nm... /usr/bin/nm -B
checking whether ln -s works... yes
checking how to recognize dependent libraries... pass_all
checking dlfcn.h usability... yes
checking dlfcn.h presence... yes
checking for dlfcn.h... yes
checking the maximum length of command line arguments... 196608
checking command to parse /usr/bin/nm -B output from cc object... ok
checking for objdir... .libs
checking for ar... ar
checking for ranlib... ranlib
checking for strip... strip
checking for dsymutil... dsymutil
checking for nmedit... nmedit
checking for -single_module linker flag... yes
checking for -exported_symbols_list linker flag... yes
checking if cc supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions... yes
checking for cc option to produce PIC... -fno-common
checking if cc PIC flag -fno-common works... yes
checking if cc static flag -static works... no
checking if cc supports -c -o file.o... yes
checking whether the cc linker (/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/ld) supports shared libraries... yes
checking dynamic linker characteristics... darwin19.2.0 dyld
checking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediate
checking whether stripping libraries is possible... yes
checking if libtool supports shared libraries... yes
checking whether to build shared libraries... yes
checking whether to build static libraries... no
creating libtool
appending configuration tag "CXX" to libtool
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating config.h
running: make
/bin/sh /private/var/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootvAIHaa/xdebug-2.9.4/libtool --mode=compile cc -I. -I/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/xdebug -DPHP_ATOM_INC -I/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootvAIHaa/xdebug-2.9.4/include -I/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootvAIHaa/xdebug-2.9.4/main -I/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/xdebug -I/usr/include/php -I/usr/include/php/main -I/usr/include/php/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/Zend -I/usr/include/php/ext -I/usr/include/php/ext/date/lib -I/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/xdebug/src -I/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootvAIHaa/xdebug-2.9.4/src -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /private/var/tmp/pear/temp/xdebug/xdebug.c -o xdebug.lo
mkdir .libs
cc -I. -I/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/xdebug -DPHP_ATOM_INC -I/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootvAIHaa/xdebug-2.9.4/include -I/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootvAIHaa/xdebug-2.9.4/main -I/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/xdebug -I/usr/include/php -I/usr/include/php/main -I/usr/include/php/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/Zend -I/usr/include/php/ext -I/usr/include/php/ext/date/lib -I/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/xdebug/src -I/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootvAIHaa/xdebug-2.9.4/src -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /private/var/tmp/pear/temp/xdebug/xdebug.c -fno-common -DPIC -o .libs/xdebug.o
/private/var/tmp/pear/temp/xdebug/xdebug.c:25:10: fatal error: 'php.h' file not found
#include "php.h"
^~~~~~~
1 error generated.
make: *** [xdebug.lo] Error 1
ERROR: `make' failed
有人可以启发我怎么了吗？随时要求我提供更多信息。
[主要问题是Apple删除了/usr/include Catalina中的macOS，该位置曾经是任何C头文件的位置，并且仍然在大多数*NIX系统上。尝试安装依赖于该特定位置的头文件的任何内容都将失败。解决方案是手动编译Xdebug，指定头文件的实际位置，这些头文件仍然由Xcode提供，只是在完全不同的位置。
1）下载Xcode
2）打开Xcode，如果出现提示，请同意条款，然后退出。
3）安装完成后，打开终端：
$ xcode-select --install
4）验证是否找到SDK。
$ xcrun --show-sdk-path
它的外观应类似于下面的路径；您稍后可能需要相应地编辑路径：
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk
目前，版本2.9.4似乎是最新的，因此我们将克隆该版本以进行编译。
$ git clone https://github.com/xdebug/xdebug.git
$ cd xdebug
$ git tag -l
$ git checkout tags/2.9.4
下一步，我们需要复制phpize，然后编辑包含路径：
$ cp /usr/bin/phpize .
$ nano ./phpize
查找此行（Control + W）：
includedir="`eval echo ${prefix}/include`/php"
用此行替换：
includedir="/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/php"
运行phpize：
$ ./phpize
正确的输出看起来与此相似：
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version: 20180731
Zend Module Api No: 20180731
Zend Extension Api No: 320180731
$ ./configure --enable-xdebug
完成后，将SDK位置定义为编译器标志，运行make。使用变量存储SDK的路径，以便在更改时更易于编辑：
$ SDK_PATH=$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)
$ make CPPFLAGS="-I${SDK_PATH}/usr/include/php -I${SDK_PATH}/usr/include/php/main -I${SDK_PATH}/usr/include/php/TSRM -I${SDK_PATH}/usr/include/php/Zend -I${SDK_PATH}/usr/include/php/ext -I${SDK_PATH}/usr/include/php/ext/date/lib"
可能会有警告-暂时将其忽略。最后，运行：
$ make install
此命令将失败，因为它无法将扩展名移到正确的位置； SIP阻止它。我们将在下一步中手动移动它。仍然需要make install，因为它对*.so文件进行了代码签名。
一旦make install已运行（并失败），我们可以移动可执行文件：
$ sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/php/extensions
$ sudo cp $(php-config --extension-dir)/xdebug.so /usr/local/php/extensions
现在编辑PHP配置（php.ini）以启用Xdebug：
$ sudo nano /etc/php.ini
在底部添加以下内容：
[xdebug]
zend_extension=/usr/local/php/extensions/xdebug.so
xdebug.remote_enable=on
xdebug.remote_log="/var/log/xdebug.log"
xdebug.remote_host=localhost
xdebug.remote_handler=dbgp
xdebug.remote_port=9000
重新启动apache：
$ sudo apachectl restart
最后测试一切正常：
$ php -i | grep "xdebug support"
[Notes：感谢Louis Charette研究并找到解决此问题的方法。