我想计算保存在 sql server 变量中的数学表达式
我用谷歌搜索了很多，找到了 3 个解决方案，但不适用于我的场景
1-这个解决方案无法在函数内执行但我需要它在函数内
declare @expression nvarchar(max)
set @expression = '2*3*100'
declare @sql nvarchar(max)
set @sql = 'select @result = ' + @expression
declare @result int
exec sp_executesql @sql, N'@result int output', @result = @result out
select @result
2-这个无法保存到变量中但我需要将结果存储到变量中
DECLARE @LocalVariable VARCHAR(32);
SET @LocalVariable = '2*3*100';
EXEC('SELECT ' + @LocalVariable);
3-我找到的最后一个解决方案给了我一个错误
DECLARE @x xml
DECLARE @v decimal(20,4)
SET @x = ''
DECLARE @calculatedDataString nvarchar(1000) = '(1 div 100)*((118 div 100)*300.000000)'
SET @v= @x.value('sql:variable("@calculatedDataString")', 'decimal(20,4)')
SELECT @v
错误是
Msg 8114, Level 16, State 5, Line 5
Error converting data type nvarchar to numeric.
请指教
也许这可能有帮助。
下面将计算一系列表达式，并将结果保存到#temp 表中。从那里您可以将各个结果存储到变量中
这是一个大幅缩小的版本。完整的模型是为宏观替换而构建的（即计算多个数据集的一系列或财务比率）
如果您提供更强大的用例，也许我可以进一步提供帮助
示例
Declare @Expression table (ID int,Expression varchar(max))
Insert Into @Expression values
(1,'(1/100.0)*((118/100.0)*300.00000)') -- Simple Calculation
,(2,'datediff(DD,''2016-07-29'',GetDate())') -- System Functions
,(3,'(Select max(name) from master..spt_values)') -- Select Value From Table
,(4,'convert(date,GetDate())') -- Get Today's Date
IF OBJECT_ID(N'tempdb..#Results') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DROP TABLE #Results
END
Create table #Results (ID int,Value varchar(max))
Declare @SQL varchar(max)=''
Select @SQL = @SQL+concat(',(',ID,',cast(',Expression,' as varchar(max)))') From @Expression
Select @SQL = 'Insert Into #Results Select * From ('+Stuff(@SQL,1,1,'values')+') N(ID,Value)'
Exec(@SQL)
Select * From #Results
Declare @Var decimal(10,4) = (Select Value From #Results where ID=1)
Select @Var -- 3.5400
临时表
ID Value
1 3.54000000000000000
2 243
3 YES OR NO
4 2017-03-29
最后一个解决方案失败，因为
SET @v= @x.value('sql:variable("@calculatedDataString")', 'decimal(20,4)')@calculatedDataString我知道的唯一解决方案是 CLR 函数。您不妨看看这个项目https://github.com/zzzprojects/Eval-SQL.NET
它使用您可以使用的方法创建
SQLNETSELECT SQLNET::New(@calculatedDataString).EvalInt()
请参阅 https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/clr-integration-database-objects-user-define-types/registering-user-define-types-in-sql-server 了解如何在 sql-server 中注册 UDT。
这是我已经投入生产多年的解决方案。令人惊讶的是，考虑到 RegEx 的强大功能，却没有提供解决方案。
这是使用安全的 CLR 程序集，该程序集确实假定某些服务器级别的访问权限。这意味着这可能在 AWS RDS 的某些情况下不起作用，或者在 Azure SQL 托管实例以外的任何情况下（例如新的“无服务器”选项）。
我目前正在 Azure SQL 实例中测试 R 语言的实现，该实例具有此限制。感谢：https://www.mssqltips.com/sqlservertip/4748/sql-server-2016-regular-expressions-with-the-r-language/
CREATE ASSEMBLY [TESTSCORING1_CLR_CS]
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WITH PERMISSION_SET = SAFE
GO
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[EvaluateArithmethicExpression](@expression [nvarchar](4000))
RETURNS [float] WITH EXECUTE AS CALLER
AS
EXTERNAL NAME [TESTSCORING1_CLR_CS].[TESTSCORING1.ArithmeticCalculations].[EvaluateArithmethicExpression]
GO
-- Demo some simple evaluations
SELECT [dbo].[EvaluateArithmethicExpression]('1<10') as one, [dbo].[EvaluateArithmethicExpression]('1+1') as two, [dbo].[EvaluateArithmethicExpression]('300/100') as three
GO
只是为了好玩，我实现了一个纯 T-SQL 函数，它可以计算基本算术（
+ - / * ( )它基本上是一个将字符串拆分为字符的语句，然后对这些字符进行标记，最后应用调车场算法，将两个堆栈存储为 XML 列来计算结果。
CREATE FUNCTION fnEval(@s nvarchar(MAX))
RETURNS float
AS
BEGIN
-- Token Types:
-- -1 => error
-- 0 => whitespace
-- 1 => number
-- 2 => opening parens
-- 3 => closing parens
-- 4 => operator + -
-- 5 => operator * /
DECLARE @result float;
WITH cteChar AS (
SELECT 0 ix, CAST(N' ' AS nchar(1)) c, 0 iType, 1 iGroup -- Anchor
UNION ALL
SELECT LEN(@s)+1, NULL, 3, -1 iGroup -- Finalizer
UNION ALL
SELECT c.ix+1, CAST(SUBSTRING(@s, c.ix+1, 1) AS nchar(1)), CASE
WHEN SUBSTRING(@s, c.ix+1, 1) LIKE CASE WHEN c.iType=1 and c.c=N'e' THEN N'[0123456789\+\-]' WHEN c.iType=1 THEN N'[0123456789.e]' ELSE N'[0123456789]' END ESCAPE N'\' THEN 1
WHEN SUBSTRING(@s, c.ix+1, 1)=N'(' THEN 2
WHEN SUBSTRING(@s, c.ix+1, 1)=N')' THEN 3
WHEN SUBSTRING(@s, c.ix+1, 1) IN (N'+', N'-') THEN 4
WHEN SUBSTRING(@s, c.ix+1, 1) IN (N'*', N'/') THEN 5
WHEN RTRIM(SUBSTRING(@s, c.ix+1, 1))=N'' THEN 0
ELSE -1
END, CASE
WHEN SUBSTRING(@s, c.ix+1, 1) LIKE CASE WHEN c.iType=1 and c.c=N'e' then N'[0123456789\+\-]' WHEN c.iType=1 THEN N'[0123456789.e]' END ESCAPE N'\' THEN c.iGroup
ELSE c.iGroup+1
END
FROM cteChar c
WHERE c.ix<LEN(@s)
), cteToken AS (
SELECT CAST(ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY MIN(c.ix)) AS int) ix, STRING_AGG(c.c, N'') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY c.ix) s, c.iType
FROM cteChar c
WHERE c.iType>0 -- We could handle lexical errors here
GROUP BY c.iGroup, c.iType
), cteParser AS (
SELECT CASE WHEN EXISTS (SELECT * FROM cteToken f WHERE f.ix>2) THEN CAST(0 AS bit) ELSE CAST(1 AS bit) END bResult, t.ix+1 ixNext, CASE WHEN t.iType=1 THEN
(SELECT t.s [@val] FOR XML PATH(N'operand'), TYPE)
END xOperand, CASE WHEN t.iType>1 THEN
(SELECT t.s [@val], t.iType [@type] FOR XML PATH(N'operator'), TYPE)
END xOperator
FROM cteToken t
WHERE t.ix=1
UNION ALL
SELECT CASE WHEN p.xOperator.exist(N'/*')=0 AND t.s IS NULL THEN CAST(1 AS bit) ELSE CAST(0 AS bit) END, t.ix+CASE WHEN (t.iType>3 AND t.iType<=p.xOperator.value(N'*[1]/@type', 'int')) OR (t.iType=3 AND NOT p.xOperator.value(N'*[1]/@type', 'int')=2) THEN 0 ELSE 1 END,
CASE
WHEN t.iType=1 THEN
(SELECT t.s [@val], p.xOperand.query(N'*') FOR XML PATH(N'operand'), TYPE)
WHEN (t.iType>3 AND t.iType<=p.xOperator.value(N'*[1]/@type', 'int')) OR (t.iType=3 AND NOT p.xOperator.value(N'*[1]/@type', 'int')=2) THEN
(SELECT CASE p.xOperator.value(N'*[1]/@val', 'nchar')
WHEN N'+' THEN
p.xOperand.value(N'*[1]/*[1]/@val', 'float')+p.xOperand.value(N'*[1]/@val', 'float')
WHEN N'-' THEN
p.xOperand.value(N'*[1]/*[1]/@val', 'float')-p.xOperand.value(N'*[1]/@val', 'float')
WHEN N'*' THEN
p.xOperand.value(N'*[1]/*[1]/@val', 'float')*p.xOperand.value(N'*[1]/@val', 'float')
WHEN N'/' THEN
p.xOperand.value(N'*[1]/*[1]/@val', 'float')/p.xOperand.value(N'*[1]/@val', 'float')
END [@val], p.xOperand.query(N'*/*/*') FOR XML PATH(N'operand'), TYPE)
ELSE
p.xOperand
END xOperand,
CASE
WHEN t.iType=1 THEN
p.xOperator
WHEN (t.iType>3 AND t.iType<=p.xOperator.value(N'*[1]/@type', 'int')) OR (t.iType=3) THEN
p.xOperator.query(N'/*/*')
ELSE
(SELECT t.s [@val], t.iType [@type], p.xOperator.query(N'*') FOR XML PATH(N'operator'), TYPE)
END xOperator
FROM cteToken t
JOIN cteParser p ON p.ixNext=t.ix AND p.bResult=CAST(0 AS bit)
)
SELECT @result=p.xOperand.value(N'/ *[1]/@val', 'float')
FROM cteParser p
WHERE bResult=CAST(1 AS bit)
OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0);
RETURN @result;
END
MS SQL SERVER
UserDefinedFunction
/****** Object: [dbo].[MyMathMDAS] ******/
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[MyMathMDAS] (@EXP Varchar(8000)) RETURNS Varchar(8000) AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @i int, @p2 int, @oCnt int
DECLARE @oAct Varchar(1), @ch0 Varchar(1), @ch Varchar(1), @ch1 Varchar(1), @Operator Varchar(1)
DECLARE @LeftTx Varchar(8000), @RightTx Varchar(8000), @Result Varchar(8000)=''
DECLARE @BEString Varchar(8000)
DECLARE @R3 Varchar(1000)
DECLARE @nResult Numeric(36,15) = 0
Set @EXP = Replace(@EXP, ' ','')
while 1=1 begin
Set @EXP = Replace(@EXP, '/+','/')
Set @EXP = Replace(@EXP, '*+','*')
Set @EXP = Replace(@EXP, '+-','-')
Set @EXP = Replace(@EXP, '-+','-')
Set @EXP = Replace(@EXP, '--','+')
Set @EXP = Replace(@EXP, '++','+')
if Charindex('/+',@EXP)=0
AND Charindex('*+',@EXP)=0
AND Charindex('+-',@EXP)=0
AND Charindex('-+',@EXP)=0
AND Charindex('--',@EXP)=0
AND Charindex('++',@EXP)=0
begin
break
end
end
Set @oCnt = 1
while @oCnt<=4 BEGIN
set @oAct = SUBSTRING('*/+-', @oCnt, 1)
Set @LeftTx = ''
Set @Operator = ''
Set @RightTx = ''
Set @R3 = '|'
Set @p2 = -1
Set @i = 1
WHILE @i <= len(@EXP) BEGIN
Set @ch = SUBSTRING(@EXP, @i, 1)
Set @ch1 = SUBSTRING(@EXP, @i+1, 1)
if (@oAct='*' OR @oAct='/') AND (@ch='*' OR @ch='/') begin
set @oAct = @ch
end
if (Charindex(@ch,'0123456789.')>0) begin
if Right(@R3,1)<>'N' Set @R3 = @R3 +'N'
end else if @ch = @oAct begin
if Right(@R3,1)<>'O' Set @R3 = @R3 +'O'
end else if @ch = '-' and (@oAct ='*' OR @oAct ='/') and (Right(@R3,2)='NO') begin
Set @RightTx = @RightTx + @ch -- Attn
end else if Right(@R3,1)<>'|' begin
Set @R3 = @R3 +'|'
Set @LeftTx = ''
Set @Operator = ''
Set @RightTx = ''
end
if Right(@R3,3)='NON' begin
Set @RightTx = @RightTx + @ch
set @p2 = @i
end else if Right(@R3,2)='NO' begin
Set @Operator = @oAct
end else if Right(@R3,1)='N' begin
Set @LeftTx = @LeftTx + @ch
end
if (Right(@R3,3)='NON') AND (Charindex(@ch1,'0123456789.')=0) begin
SET @ch0 = SUBSTRING(@EXP, CHARINDEX(@LeftTx +@Operator +@RightTx, @EXP)-1, 1)
if @ch0='-' set @leftTx = '-' + @leftTx
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if @Operator = '*' set @nResult = Cast(@leftTx as NUMERIC(36,15)) * Cast(@RightTx as NUMERIC(36,15))
else if @Operator = '/' set @nResult = Cast(@leftTx as NUMERIC(36,15)) / Cast(@RightTx as NUMERIC(36,15))
else if @Operator = '+' set @nResult = Cast(@leftTx as NUMERIC(36,15)) + Cast(@RightTx as NUMERIC(36,15))
else if @Operator = '-' set @nResult = Cast(@leftTx as NUMERIC(36,15)) - Cast(@RightTx as NUMERIC(36,15))
else set @nResult = 0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
set @Result = cast(@nResult as varchar(1000))
if (@ch0='-') and (@nResult>=0) begin
set @Result = '+' + @Result
end
set @BEString = SUBSTRING(@EXP, 1, @i - Len(@LeftTx +@Operator +@RightTx))
if Right(@BEString,1)='-' set @BEString = Left(@BEString, LEN(@BEString)-1)
Set @EXP = @BEString + @Result +SUBSTRING(@EXP, @p2+1, 8000)
Set @i = 1
Set @p2 = -1
Set @LeftTx = ''
Set @Operator = ''
Set @RightTx = ''
Set @R3 = '|'
end else begin
Set @i = @i + 1
end
END
set @oCnt = @oCnt + 1
end
RETURN @EXP
END
GO
------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[MyMathEvalF] (@EXP Varchar(8000)) RETURNS Varchar(8000) as
begin
DECLARE @nResult Numeric(36,15)=0
DECLARE @Result Varchar(8000)
DECLARE @i1 integer=0, @i2 integer=0, @i3 integer=0, @i4 integer=0, @i5 integer=0
DECLARE @Func Varchar(50) = '', @P1 Varchar(100) = '', @P2 Varchar(100) = '', @P3 Varchar(100) = '', @P4 Varchar(100) = ''
set @i1 = CHARINDEX('(', @EXP, 0)
if @i1>0 set @i2 = CHARINDEX(',', @EXP, @i1+1)
if @i2>0 set @i3 = CHARINDEX(',', @EXP, @i2+1)
if @i3>0 set @i4 = CHARINDEX(',', @EXP, @i3+1)
if @i4>0 set @i5 = CHARINDEX(',', @EXP, @i4+1)
if @i2=0 set @i2 = CHARINDEX(')', @EXP, @i1+1) else if @i3=0 set @i3 = CHARINDEX(')', @EXP, @i2+1) else if @i4=0 set @i4 = CHARINDEX(')', @EXP, @i3+1) else if @i5=0 set @i5 = CHARINDEX(')', @EXP, @i4+1)
Set @Func = Substring(@EXP, 1, @i1)
if @i2>0 Set @P1 = Substring(@EXP, @i1+1, @i2-@i1-1)
if @i3>0 Set @P2 = Substring(@EXP, @i2+1, @i3-@i2-1)
if @i4>0 Set @P3 = Substring(@EXP, @i3+1, @i4-@i3-1)
if @i5>0 Set @P4 = Substring(@EXP, @i4+1, @i5-@i4-1)
if @Func = 'ROUND(' AND @p1<>'' AND @p2<>'' begin
set @nResult = ROUND(@p1, cast(@p2 as Integer))
set @Result = cast(@nResult as varchar(1000))
end else if @Func = 'POWER(' AND @p1<>'' AND @p2<>'' begin
set @nResult = POWER(@p1, @p2)
set @Result = cast(@nResult as varchar(1000))
end else if @Func = 'SQRT(' AND @p1<>'' begin
set @nResult = SQRT(@p1)
set @Result = cast(@nResult as varchar(1000))
end else if @Func = 'LOG(' AND @p1<>'' begin
set @nResult = LOG(@p1)
set @Result = cast(@nResult as varchar(1000))
end else if @Func = 'SIN(' AND @p1<>'' begin
set @nResult = SIN(@p1)
set @Result = cast(@nResult as varchar(1000))
end else if @Func = 'COS(' AND @p1<>'' begin
set @nResult = COS(@p1)
set @Result = cast(@nResult as varchar(1000))
end else if @Func = 'TAN(' AND @p1<>'' begin
set @nResult = TAN(@p1)
set @Result = cast(@nResult as varchar(1000))
end else begin
set @Result = @EXP
end
RETURN @Result
end
GO
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CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[MyEval] (@EXP Varchar(8000)) RETURNS Varchar(8000) as
begin
DECLARE @S1 Varchar(8000), @S2 Varchar(8000), @S3 Varchar(8000), @NewExp Varchar(8000) =''
DECLARE @Result Varchar(8000), @Result1 Varchar(8000)
DECLARE @L int, @t int, @cnt int
DECLARE @ch Varchar(1)
Set @EXP = UPPER(Replace(isnull(@EXP,''), ' ',''))
Set @L = Len(@EXP)
Set @S1 = '' Set @S2 = '' Set @S3 = ''
Set @t = 0
Set @cnt=1
while @cnt<=@L begin
set @ch = Substring(@exp, @cnt, 1)
if @ch='(' set @t = @t+1
if @ch=')' set @t = @t-1
if (@t=0 and @ch<>')') OR (@t=1 and @ch='(') Set @S1 = @S1 + @ch
else if (@t>0) Set @S2 = @S2 + @ch
else if (@t=0 and @ch=')') begin
Set @S3 = @S3 + @ch
if (Charindex('(', @S2)>0) begin
set @Result = dbo.MyEval(@S2)
end else begin
set @Result = dbo.MyMathMDAS(@S2)
end
if ISNUMERIC(@Result)=1 AND Right(@S1,2) in ('(','*(','/(','+(','-(',',(') begin
set @S1 = Left(@S1, len(@S1)-1)
set @S3 = ''
end
if Right(@S1,1)='+' AND LEFT(@Result,1)='-' begin
set @S1 = Left(@S1, len(@S1)-1)
end
if Right(@S1,1)='-' AND LEFT(@Result,1)='-' begin
set @S1 = Left(@S1, len(@S1)-1)
set @Result = '+' +Substring(@Result, 2, 8000)
end
if Right(@S1,6) in ('ROUND(', 'POWER(') begin
set @Result1 = Right(@S1,6) + @Result + Left(@S3, 1)
set @Result1 = dbo.MyMathEvalF(@Result1)
set @Result = Substring(@S1, 1, len(@S1)-6) + @Result1
end else if Right(@S1,5) in ('SQRT(') begin
set @Result1 = Right(@S1,5) + @Result + Left(@S3, 1)
set @Result1 = dbo.MyMathEvalF(@Result1)
set @Result = Substring(@S1, 1, len(@S1)-5) + @Result1
end else if Right(@S1,4) in ('LOG(','SIN(','COS(','TAN(') begin
set @Result1 = Right(@S1,4) + @Result + Left(@S3, 1)
set @Result1 = dbo.MyMathEvalF(@Result1)
set @Result = Substring(@S1, 1, len(@S1)-4) + @Result1
end else begin
set @Result = @S1 + @Result +@S3
end
Set @NewExp = @NewExp +@Result
Set @S1 = '' Set @S2 = '' Set @S3 = ''
end
set @cnt = @cnt+1
end
Set @NewExp = @NewExp +@S1
set @Result = dbo.MyMathMDAS(@NewExp)
if LEFT(@Result,1)='+' set @Result = Substring(@Result, 2, 8000)
RETURN @Result
end
GO
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CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[MyCalcMRP] (
@EXP Varchar(8000),
@varName1 Varchar(50),
@VarValue1 Numeric(18,6))
RETURNS Varchar(8000) as
begin
set @EXP = Replace (@EXP, @varName1, isnull(str(@VarValue1,18,6),''))
DECLARE @Result Varchar(8000) = dbo.MyEval(@EXP)
RETURN @Result
end
GO
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
USAS :
/*
select dbo.MyEval('10+(((((((((( 10*+-20 ))))))))))*5+1') , 10+(((((((((( 10*+-20 ))))))))))*5+1
select dbo.MyEval('Round(15.666666,2) + LOG(5.666666)*2') , Round(15.666666,2) + LOG(5.666666)*2
Select dbo.MyCalcMRP('115.666666+[MRP]*2+10/3', '[MRP]',1), 115.666666+1*2+10/3, 115.666666+1*2+10.0/3
*/
/*
Drop Table IF Exists #Tmp;
select top 0 cast('' as varchar(50)) as exp1,cast(0 as float) as MRP into #Tmp
insert into #Tmp values ('round(6.6666*7+MRP*2/100,2)',11)
insert into #Tmp values ('(6.6666*7+MRP*2/1002)',11)
insert into #Tmp values ('5*777+MRP*3/100',12)
insert into #Tmp values ('50*11',0)
insert into #Tmp values (null,null)
Select
A.*,
dbo.MyCalcMRP(A.Exp1,'MRP',A.MRP) as ResultAsVarchar,
cast(dbo.MyCalcMRP(A.Exp1,'MRP',A.MRP) as float) as ResultAsFloat,
dbo.MyEval( Replace (EXP1, 'MRP', isnull(str(A.MRP,18,6),'')) ) as EvalValueVarchar,
cast(dbo.MyEval( Replace (EXP1, 'MRP', isnull(str(A.MRP,18,6),'')) ) as float) as EvalValueFloat
from #Tmp A
*/
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