为什么在 docker build 中运行 apt-get 时会出现“内存不足”的情况

Question

我正在尝试在我的 docker 容器中安装 ca 证书，但确实没有运气。 我可以

apt-get update

，并且可以安装 一些 其他软件包，但不能安装 curl 或 ca 证书。此外，如果我运行 ubuntu 基础容器并

exec -it

进入其中，我可以在那里

apt-get install

ca 证书。

Dockerfile：

FROM ubuntu:latest
ENV http_proxy=http://my_proxy_that_probably_doesnt_matter

RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y apt-utils
RUN apt-get install -y ca-certificates

重击：

docker build .

这是此步骤的日志：

RUN apt-get install -y ca-certificates:                                                                                 
0.275 Reading package lists...                                                                                                   
1.169 Building dependency tree...
1.346 Reading state information...
1.600 The following additional packages will be installed:
1.600   openssl
1.628 The following NEW packages will be installed:
1.630   ca-certificates openssl
1.733 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
1.733 Need to get 1161 kB of archives.
1.733 After this operation, 2324 kB of additional disk space will be used.
1.733 Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/main amd64 openssl amd64 3.0.13-0ubuntu3 [1002 kB]
1.753 Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble/main amd64 ca-certificates all 20240203 [159 kB]
1.909 debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
1.909 debconf: (TERM is not set, so the dialog frontend is not usable.)
1.909 debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
1.910 debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
1.910 debconf: (Can't locate Term/ReadLine.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Term::ReadLine module) (@INC entries checked: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.38.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.38.2 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.38 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl-base /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.38 /usr/share/perl/5.38 /usr/local/lib/site_perl) at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Readline.pm line 8, <STDIN> line 2.)
1.910 debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype
1.917 dpkg-preconfigure: unable to re-open stdin: 
1.963 Fetched 1161 kB in 0s (10.4 MB/s)
1.978 Selecting previously unselected package openssl.
(Reading database ... 4937 files and directories currently installed.)
1.986 Preparing to unpack .../openssl_3.0.13-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb ...
1.987 Unpacking openssl (3.0.13-0ubuntu3) ...
2.032 Selecting previously unselected package ca-certificates.
2.033 Preparing to unpack .../ca-certificates_20240203_all.deb ...
2.034 Unpacking ca-certificates (20240203) ...
2.089 Setting up openssl (3.0.13-0ubuntu3) ...
2.093 Setting up ca-certificates (20240203) ...
2.179 debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
2.179 debconf: (TERM is not set, so the dialog frontend is not usable.)
2.179 debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
2.179 debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
2.179 debconf: (Can't locate Term/ReadLine.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Term::ReadLine module) (@INC entries checked: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.38.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.38.2 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.38 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl-base /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.38 /usr/share/perl/5.38 /usr/local/lib/site_perl) at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Readline.pm line 8.)
2.179 debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype
2.806 Updating certificates in /etc/ssl/certs...
3.577 out of memory
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3.610 dpkg: error processing package ca-certificates (--configure):
3.610  installed ca-certificates package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 146
3.613 Errors were encountered while processing:
3.613  ca-certificates
3.630 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
------
Dockerfile:7
--------------------
   5 |     RUN apt-get update
   6 |     RUN apt-get install -y dialog apt-utils gnupg lsb-release
   7 | >>> RUN apt-get install -y ca-certificates
--------------------
ERROR: failed to solve: process "/bin/sh -c apt-get install -y ca-certificates" did not complete successfully: exit code: 100

Answer 1

有时，当构建超出 docker 容器的限制时，就会出现此错误。当您尝试构建时，您可以使用

-m

选项指定新的限制。

docker build -f Dockerfile -m 4g .