我怎样才能改变缺省过滤器选择从“ALL”？我有一个名为status其中有三个值字段：activate，pending和rejected。当我在Django管理使用list_filter，过滤器的默认设置为“所有”，但我想将它设置为默认悬而未决。
为了实现这一点，并在你的侧边栏可用的“所有”链接（即一个显示所有而不是显示申请中），你需要创建一个自定义列表筛选，从django.contrib.admin.filters.SimpleListFilter和过滤在“待定”继承默认。沿着这些线路的东西应该工作：
from datetime import date
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.contrib.admin import SimpleListFilter
class StatusFilter(SimpleListFilter):
title = _('Status')
parameter_name = 'status'
def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
return (
(None, _('Pending')),
('activate', _('Activate')),
('rejected', _('Rejected')),
('all', _('All')),
)
def choices(self, cl):
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': self.value() == lookup,
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({
self.parameter_name: lookup,
}, []),
'display': title,
}
def queryset(self, request, queryset):
if self.value() in ('activate', 'rejected'):
return queryset.filter(status=self.value())
elif self.value() == None:
return queryset.filter(status='pending')
class Admin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = [StatusFilter]
编辑：需要Django的1.4（感谢西蒙）
我知道这是不是最好的解决办法，但我改变了管理模板，25行和37像这样的index.html：
25：<th scope="row"><a href="{{ model.admin_url }}{% ifequal model.name "yourmodelname" %}?yourflag_flag__exact=1{% endifequal %}">{{ model.name }}</a></th>
37：<td><a href="{{ model.admin_url }}{% ifequal model.name "yourmodelname" %}?yourflag__exact=1{% endifequal %}" class="changelink">{% trans 'Change' %}</a></td>
我不得不做出修改，以得到过滤才能正常工作。以前的解决方案为我加载页面时。如果执行的“动作”，过滤器又回到“所有”，而不是我的默认。该解决方案加载过滤器的默认管理员更改页面，而是当其他活动的网页上发生也维护更换过滤器或当前过滤器。我没有测试所有的情况，但在现实中，它可能会限制默认过滤器的设置出现页面加载，只有当。
def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None):
default_filter = False
try:
ref = request.META['HTTP_REFERER']
pinfo = request.META['PATH_INFO']
qstr = ref.split(pinfo)
querystr = request.META['QUERY_STRING']
# Check the QUERY_STRING value, otherwise when
# trying to filter the filter gets reset below
if querystr is None:
if len(qstr) < 2 or qstr[1] == '':
default_filter = True
except:
default_filter = True
if default_filter:
q = request.GET.copy()
q['registered__isnull'] = 'True'
request.GET = q
request.META['QUERY_STRING'] = request.GET.urlencode()
return super(MyAdmin, self).changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
有点偏离主题，但我寻找一个类似的问题导致我在这里。我一直在寻找有一个日期默认查询，这问题有点复杂（也就是说，如果没有提供输入，只显示有“今天”的timestamp对象）。以下是我想出了：
from django.contrib.admin.options import IncorrectLookupParameters
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
class TodayDefaultDateFieldListFilter(admin.DateFieldListFilter):
""" If no date is query params are provided, query for Today """
def queryset(self, request, queryset):
try:
if not self.used_parameters:
now = datetime.datetime.now().replace(hour=0, minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)
self.used_parameters = {
('%s__lt' % self.field_path): str(now + datetime.timedelta(days=1)),
('%s__gte' % self.field_path): str(now),
}
# Insure that the dropdown reflects 'Today'
self.date_params = self.used_parameters
return queryset.filter(**self.used_parameters)
except ValidationError, e:
raise IncorrectLookupParameters(e)
class ImagesAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = (
('timestamp', TodayDefaultDateFieldListFilter),
)
这是默认DateFieldListFilter的简单替代。通过设置self.date_params，它确保了过滤器下拉菜单将更新到任何选项self.used_parameters匹配。出于这个原因，你必须确保该self.used_parameters是什么将这些下拉列表选择之一（即使用，发现使用“今天”或“最近7天”当date_params会是怎样构建的self.used_parameters匹配那些）。
这个建在Django 1.4.10工作
这可能是一个古老的线程，但想到我想补充我的解决方案，因为我无法找到谷歌搜索更好的答案。
做什么（如果Deminic罗杰不知道，或ha22109）中的ModelAdmin回答了changelist_view
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = (CustomFilter,)
def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None):
if not request.GET.has_key('decommissioned__exact'):
q = request.GET.copy()
q['decommissioned__exact'] = 'N'
request.GET = q
request.META['QUERY_STRING'] = request.GET.urlencode()
return super(MyModelAdmin,self).changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
然后，我们需要创建一个自定义SimpleListFilter
class CustomFilter(admin.SimpleListFilter):
title = 'Decommissioned'
parameter_name = 'decommissioned' # i chose to change it
def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
return (
('All', 'all'),
('1', 'Decommissioned'),
('0', 'Active (or whatever)'),
)
# had to override so that we could remove the default 'All' option
# that won't work with our default filter in the ModelAdmin class
def choices(self, cl):
yield {
'selected': self.value() is None,
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({}, [self.parameter_name]),
# 'display': _('All'),
}
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': self.value() == lookup,
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({
self.parameter_name: lookup,
}, []),
'display': title,
}
def queryset(self, request, queryset):
if self.value() == '1':
return queryset.filter(decommissioned=1)
elif self.value() == '0':
return queryset.filter(decommissioned=0)
return queryset
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None):
if not request.GET.has_key('decommissioned__exact'):
q = request.GET.copy()
q['decommissioned__exact'] = 'N'
request.GET = q
request.META['QUERY_STRING'] = request.GET.urlencode()
return super(MyModelAdmin,self).changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
接过ha22109的回答上面和修改通过比较HTTP_REFERER和PATH_INFO允许的“所有”的选择。
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None):
test = request.META['HTTP_REFERER'].split(request.META['PATH_INFO'])
if test[-1] and not test[-1].startswith('?'):
if not request.GET.has_key('decommissioned__exact'):
q = request.GET.copy()
q['decommissioned__exact'] = 'N'
request.GET = q
request.META['QUERY_STRING'] = request.GET.urlencode()
return super(MyModelAdmin,self).changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
我知道这个问题是很老了，但它仍然是有效的。我相信这是这样做的最正确的方法。它本质上是一样的Greg的方法，但配制成便于重复使用的可扩展类。
from django.contrib.admin import SimpleListFilter
from django.utils.encoding import force_text
from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _
class DefaultListFilter(SimpleListFilter):
all_value = '_all'
def default_value(self):
raise NotImplementedError()
def queryset(self, request, queryset):
if self.parameter_name in request.GET and request.GET[self.parameter_name] == self.all_value:
return queryset
if self.parameter_name in request.GET:
return queryset.filter(**{self.parameter_name:request.GET[self.parameter_name]})
return queryset.filter(**{self.parameter_name:self.default_value()})
def choices(self, cl):
yield {
'selected': self.value() == self.all_value,
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({self.parameter_name: self.all_value}, []),
'display': _('All'),
}
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': self.value() == force_text(lookup) or (self.value() == None and force_text(self.default_value()) == force_text(lookup)),
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({
self.parameter_name: lookup,
}, []),
'display': title,
}
class StatusFilter(DefaultListFilter):
title = _('Status ')
parameter_name = 'status__exact'
def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
return ((0,'activate'), (1,'pending'), (2,'rejected'))
def default_value(self):
return 1
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = (StatusFilter,)
这是我使用的是重定向通用的解决方案，它只是检查是否有任何GET参数，如果不存在，那么它的默认GET参数重定向。我还设置了一个list_filter所以挑选一个并显示默认。
from django.shortcuts import redirect
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
...
list_filter = ('status', )
def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None):
referrer = request.META.get('HTTP_REFERER', '')
get_param = "status__exact=5"
if len(request.GET) == 0 and '?' not in referrer:
return redirect("{url}?{get_parms}".format(url=request.path, get_parms=get_param))
return super(MyModelAdmin,self).changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
唯一需要注意的是，当你做一个直接的获取与在网页“？”存在于URL，没有HTTP_REFERER设置，因此将使用默认的参数和重定向。这是为我好，当你通过点击管理员过滤它的伟大工程。
更新：
为了让周围的告诫，我最后写这简化了changelist_view功能的自定义过滤功能。这里是过滤器：
class MyModelStatusFilter(admin.SimpleListFilter):
title = _('Status')
parameter_name = 'status'
def lookups(self, request, model_admin): # Available Values / Status Codes etc..
return (
(8, _('All')),
(0, _('Incomplete')),
(5, _('Pending')),
(6, _('Selected')),
(7, _('Accepted')),
)
def choices(self, cl): # Overwrite this method to prevent the default "All"
from django.utils.encoding import force_text
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': self.value() == force_text(lookup),
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({
self.parameter_name: lookup,
}, []),
'display': title,
}
def queryset(self, request, queryset): # Run the queryset based on your lookup values
if self.value() is None:
return queryset.filter(status=5)
elif int(self.value()) == 0:
return queryset.filter(status__lte=4)
elif int(self.value()) == 8:
return queryset.all()
elif int(self.value()) >= 5:
return queryset.filter(status=self.value())
return queryset.filter(status=5)
而changelist_view现在只传递如果不存在这样的默认参数。当时的想法是摆脱仿制药过滤能力的使用没有get参数来查看全部内容。要查看所有我指定的状态= 8用于这一目的：
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
...
list_filter = ('status', )
def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None):
if len(request.GET) == 0:
get_param = "status=5"
return redirect("{url}?{get_parms}".format(url=request.path, get_parms=get_param))
return super(MyModelAdmin, self).changelist_view(request, extra_context=extra_context)
def changelist_view( self, request, extra_context = None ):
default_filter = False
try:
ref = request.META['HTTP_REFERER']
pinfo = request.META['PATH_INFO']
qstr = ref.split( pinfo )
if len( qstr ) < 2:
default_filter = True
except:
default_filter = True
if default_filter:
q = request.GET.copy()
q['registered__exact'] = '1'
request.GET = q
request.META['QUERY_STRING'] = request.GET.urlencode()
return super( InterestAdmin, self ).changelist_view( request, extra_context = extra_context )
你可以简单地usereturn queryset.filter()或if self.value() is None和覆盖SimpleListFilter的方法
from django.utils.encoding import force_text
def choices(self, changelist):
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': force_text(self.value()) == force_text(lookup),
'query_string': changelist.get_query_string(
{self.parameter_name: lookup}, []
),
'display': title,
}
请注意，如果不是预先选择要显示在管理它之前，总是预先筛选数据的过滤器值，你应该重写ModelAdmin.queryset()方法来代替。
使用DjangoChoices对格雷格的回答略有好转，巨蟒> = 2.5当然Django的> = 1.4的和。
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.contrib.admin import SimpleListFilter
class OrderStatusFilter(SimpleListFilter):
title = _('Status')
parameter_name = 'status__exact'
default_status = OrderStatuses.closed
def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
return (('all', _('All')),) + OrderStatuses.choices
def choices(self, cl):
for lookup, title in self.lookup_choices:
yield {
'selected': self.value() == lookup if self.value() else lookup == self.default_status,
'query_string': cl.get_query_string({self.parameter_name: lookup}, []),
'display': title,
}
def queryset(self, request, queryset):
if self.value() in OrderStatuses.values:
return queryset.filter(status=self.value())
elif self.value() is None:
return queryset.filter(status=self.default_status)
class Admin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_filter = [OrderStatusFilter]
由于格雷格的很好的解决方案！