我正在尝试将github中的一个工作示例从python2转换为python3并遇到一个我不明白的问题。
原文是https://gist.github.com/EugeneBakin/76c8f9bcec5b390e45df我应用以下补丁并获得有关SampleApp init方法的参数太多的错误消息。因为我不明白原因为什么原来它的* args和** kwargs当唯一的调用没有任何参数时，有些事情并没有为我增加。但是它在python2中工作，所以我希望它也可以在python3中工作，因为我认为这种用法很有用。
但是，它可能无关紧要，因为错误消息上的堆栈跟踪不包括该调用或任何此类调用。另一个难题。
我想解决这个问题，而不是盲目地删除参数，因为当我在我的实际用例中应用它时，我可能需要一些。
我还想删除导入为*，因为我认为它是危险的，并且隐藏信息对读者有用。
补丁：
--- VSFrame.py 2017-12-16 14:30:33.458923856 -0800
+++ VSFrame3.py 2017-12-16 15:01:21.914423486 -0800
@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-from Tkinter import * # from x import * is bad practice
-from ttk import *
+import tkinter as tk
+import tkinter.ttk as ttk
# http://tkinter.unpythonic.net/wiki/VerticalScrolledFrame
-class VerticalScrolledFrame(Frame):
+class VerticalScrolledFrame(ttk.Frame):
"""A pure Tkinter scrollable frame that actually works!
* Use the 'interior' attribute to place widgets inside the scrollable frame
* Construct and pack/place/grid normally
* This frame only allows vertical scrolling
"""
def __init__(self, parent, *args, **kw):
- Frame.__init__(self, parent, *args, **kw)
+ super().__init__(self, parent, *args, **kw)
# create a canvas object and a vertical scrollbar for scrolling it
- vscrollbar = Scrollbar(self, orient=VERTICAL)
+ vscrollbar = ttk.Scrollbar(self, orient=VERTICAL)
vscrollbar.pack(fill=Y, side=RIGHT, expand=FALSE)
canvas = Canvas(self, bd=0, highlightthickness=0,
yscrollcommand=vscrollbar.set)
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@
if __name__ == "__main__":
- class SampleApp(Tk):
+ class SampleApp(tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
- root = Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
+ root = tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.frame = VerticalScrolledFrame(root)
在威廉的评论之后（感谢你），现在就是这样
--- VSFrame.py 2017-12-16 14:30:33.458923856 -0800
+++ VSFrame3.py 2017-12-16 16:04:00.938380716 -0800
@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-from Tkinter import * # from x import * is bad practice
-from ttk import *
+import tkinter as tk
+import tkinter.ttk as ttk
# http://tkinter.unpythonic.net/wiki/VerticalScrolledFrame
-class VerticalScrolledFrame(Frame):
+class VerticalScrolledFrame(ttk.Frame):
"""A pure Tkinter scrollable frame that actually works!
* Use the 'interior' attribute to place widgets inside the scrollable frame
* Construct and pack/place/grid normally
* This frame only allows vertical scrolling
"""
def __init__(self, parent, *args, **kw):
- Frame.__init__(self, parent, *args, **kw)
+ super().__init__(self, parent, *args, **kw)
# create a canvas object and a vertical scrollbar for scrolling it
- vscrollbar = Scrollbar(self, orient=VERTICAL)
+ vscrollbar = ttk.Scrollbar(self, orient=VERTICAL)
vscrollbar.pack(fill=Y, side=RIGHT, expand=FALSE)
canvas = Canvas(self, bd=0, highlightthickness=0,
yscrollcommand=vscrollbar.set)
@@ -51,10 +51,9 @@
if __name__ == "__main__":
- class SampleApp(Tk):
+ class SampleApp(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
- root = Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
-
+ root = tk.TK.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.frame = VerticalScrolledFrame(root)
self.frame.pack()
我让它更符合https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/tkinter.html#a-simple-hello-world-program的风格
完整来源如下。
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
# Python3 version of http://tkinter.unpythonic.net/wiki/VerticalScrolledFrame
class VerticalScrolledFrame(ttk.Frame):
"""A pure Tkinter scrollable frame that actually works!
* Use the 'interior' attribute to place widgets inside the scrollable frame
* Construct and pack/place/grid normally
* This frame only allows vertical scrolling
"""
def __init__(self, parent):
super().__init__(parent)
# create a canvas object and a vertical scrollbar for scrolling it
vscrollbar = ttk.Scrollbar(self, orient=tk.VERTICAL)
vscrollbar.pack(fill=tk.Y, side=tk.RIGHT, expand=tk.FALSE)
canvas = tk.Canvas(self, bd=0, highlightthickness=0,
yscrollcommand=vscrollbar.set)
canvas.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=tk.TRUE)
vscrollbar.config(command=canvas.yview)
# reset the view
canvas.xview_moveto(0)
canvas.yview_moveto(0)
# create a frame inside the canvas which will be scrolled with it
self.interior = interior = ttk.Frame(canvas)
interior_id = canvas.create_window(0, 0, window=interior,
anchor=tk.NW)
# track changes to the canvas and frame width and sync them,
# also updating the scrollbar
def _configure_interior(event):
# update the scrollbars to match the size of the inner frame
size = (interior.winfo_reqwidth(), interior.winfo_reqheight())
canvas.config(scrollregion="0 0 %s %s" % size)
if interior.winfo_reqwidth() != canvas.winfo_width():
# update the canvas's width to fit the inner frame
canvas.config(width=interior.winfo_reqwidth())
interior.bind('<Configure>', _configure_interior)
def _configure_canvas(event):
if interior.winfo_reqwidth() != canvas.winfo_width():
# update the inner frame's width to fill the canvas
canvas.itemconfigure(interior_id, width=canvas.winfo_width())
canvas.bind('<Configure>', _configure_canvas)
if __name__ == "__main__":
class SampleApp(ttk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master=None):
super().__init__(master)
self.create_widgets()
def create_widgets(self):
self.frame = VerticalScrolledFrame(root)
self.frame.pack()
self.label = ttk.Label(text="Shrink the window to activate the scrollbar.")
self.label.pack()
buttons = []
for i in range(10):
buttons.append(ttk.Button(self.frame.interior, text="Button " + str(i)))
buttons[-1].pack()
root = tk.Tk()
app = SampleApp(master=root)
app.mainloop()