Bash printf 列中 arg 中的多行

Question

我已经摆弄这个好几个小时了，但无法让它工作，所以也许我的方法是错误的。

我想漂亮地显示多行消息，因此“标题”位于左侧，然后消息与列中的消息对齐，例如：

WARNING: The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog.
         Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow.
         How quickly daft jumping zebras vex!

或

NOTE: This happened.
      Foo bar.

等等。

我正在尝试根据我能找到的一些答案使用

printf

和

column

来做到这一点，但正如我所说，也许这种方法永远行不通？

目前，我将

printf

的第一个字符串作为“标题”，然后其余的参数是与之对齐的消息，如下所示：

#!/bin/bash

warn() {
  printf '%s+%s\n' 'WARNING:' "${@}" | column --table --separator '+'
}

warn "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog." \
     "+Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." \
     "+How quickly daft jumping zebras vex!"

可以类似地这样做吗？或者最好的方法/其他方法是什么？

实际产量：

WARNING:  The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog.    
          Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow.            How quickly daft jumping zebras vex!

Answer 1

这是一个简单的例子--

# cat foo.sh
function warn()
{
    local title='WARNING:'
    local len=${#title} head=$title
    local title2

    printf -v title2 '%*s' $len " "

    for msg; do
        printf '%s %s\n' "$head" "$msg"
        head=$title2
    done
}

warn 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog.' \
     'Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow.' \
     'How quickly daft jumping zebras vex!'

运行它：

# bash foo.sh
WARNING: The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog.
         Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow.
         How quickly daft jumping zebras vex!

Answer 2

使用一点 Awk 和 Bash，您可以定义如下所示的函数。定义日志级别的参数，

WARNING

、

INFO

等，并将其作为参数传递

warn() {
  level="$1"
  echo "${@:2}" | 
      awk -v level="$level" -v RS="+" '
        BEGIN { align = length(level)+2 } 
        NR==1 { printf "%-*s%s\n", align, level":", $0; next } 
        { printf "%-*s%s\n", align, "", $0 }'
}

并将其称为

warn "WARNING" "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog." \
     "+Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." \
     "+How quickly daft jumping zebras vex!"

产生

WARNING: The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog.
         Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow.
         How quickly daft jumping zebras vex!

根据您定义的格式字符串运行良好，例如

WARNING

或

NOTE

。