我正在尝试使用 ansible 主机名模块 更改多个 Raspberry Pi 计算模块 4 的主机名。因为它们都基于同一个 Raspberry Pi 操作系统映像，所以它们的主机名都是
raspberrypi我的库存大致是这样的：
rpi-cm4-1:
node_number: 1
name: rpi-cm4-1
ansible_host: 192.168.1.101
rpi-cm4-2:
node_number: 2
name: rpi-cm4-2
ansible_host: 192.168.1.102
...
我的剧本是这样的：
- name: Change hostname of managed nodes
hosts: rpi_cm4-2
tasks:
- name: Change hostname of managed nodes
ansible.builtin.hostname:
name: "{{ hostvars[inventory_hostname].name }}"
当我运行剧本时，我面临的错误是这样的：
TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************************************************
ok: [rpi-cm4-2]
TASK [Change hostname of managed nodes] *****************************************************************************************************
fatal: [rpi-cm4-2]: FAILED! => changed=false
msg: |-
Command failed rc=1, out=, err=Could not set pretty hostname: Connection timed out
我猜测，Ansible 可能没有使用清单的 IP 地址（但它用它来收集事实）。 我该怎么做才能让他使用库存的IP？
我无法让 Ansible 使用 IP 地址。
-vvvTASK [Change hostname of managed nodes] ****************************************************************************************************************************
task path: /home/ncasaux/home-lab/ansible/tpi2_rpi_cm4.tpi2_rpios.yml:75
<192.168.1.102> ESTABLISH SSH CONNECTION FOR USER: pi
<192.168.1.102> SSH: EXEC sshpass -d12 ssh -C -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o 'User="pi"' -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o 'ControlPath="/home/ncasaux/.ansible/cp/ed650a3305"' 192.168.1.102 '/bin/sh -c '"'"'echo ~pi && sleep 0'"'"''
<192.168.1.102> (0, b'/home/pi\n', b'')
<192.168.1.102> ESTABLISH SSH CONNECTION FOR USER: pi
<192.168.1.102> SSH: EXEC sshpass -d12 ssh -C -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o 'User="pi"' -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o 'ControlPath="/home/ncasaux/.ansible/cp/ed650a3305"' 192.168.1.102 '/bin/sh -c '"'"'( umask 77 && mkdir -p "` echo /home/pi/.ansible/tmp `"&& mkdir "` echo /home/pi/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1703118028.4996538-25006-160853801334657 `" && echo ansible-tmp-1703118028.4996538-25006-160853801334657="` echo /home/pi/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1703118028.4996538-25006-160853801334657 `" ) && sleep 0'"'"''
<192.168.1.102> (0, b'ansible-tmp-1703118028.4996538-25006-160853801334657=/home/pi/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1703118028.4996538-25006-160853801334657\n', b'')
Using module file /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/ansible/modules/hostname.py
<192.168.1.102> PUT /home/ncasaux/.ansible/tmp/ansible-local-24823y1az1b7h/tmp3nxd67rj TO /home/pi/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1703118028.4996538-25006-160853801334657/AnsiballZ_hostname.py
<192.168.1.102> SSH: EXEC sshpass -d12 sftp -o BatchMode=no -b - -C -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o 'User="pi"' -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o 'ControlPath="/home/ncasaux/.ansible/cp/ed650a3305"' '[192.168.1.102]'
<192.168.1.102> (0, b'sftp> put /home/ncasaux/.ansible/tmp/ansible-local-24823y1az1b7h/tmp3nxd67rj /home/pi/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1703118028.4996538-25006-160853801334657/AnsiballZ_hostname.py\n', b'')
<192.168.1.102> ESTABLISH SSH CONNECTION FOR USER: pi
<192.168.1.102> SSH: EXEC sshpass -d12 ssh -C -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o 'User="pi"' -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o 'ControlPath="/home/ncasaux/.ansible/cp/ed650a3305"' 192.168.1.102 '/bin/sh -c '"'"'chmod u+x /home/pi/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1703118028.4996538-25006-160853801334657/ /home/pi/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1703118028.4996538-25006-160853801334657/AnsiballZ_hostname.py && sleep 0'"'"''
<192.168.1.102> (0, b'', b'')
<192.168.1.102> ESTABLISH SSH CONNECTION FOR USER: pi
<192.168.1.102> SSH: EXEC sshpass -d12 ssh -C -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o 'User="pi"' -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o 'ControlPath="/home/ncasaux/.ansible/cp/ed650a3305"' -tt 192.168.1.102 '/bin/sh -c '"'"'/usr/bin/python3 /home/pi/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1703118028.4996538-25006-160853801334657/AnsiballZ_hostname.py && sleep 0'"'"''
<192.168.1.102> (1, b'\x1b[1;31m==== AUTHENTICATING FOR org.freedesktop.hostname1.set-static-hostname ====\r\n\x1b[0mAuthentication is required to set the statically configured local hostname, as well as the pretty hostname.\r\nAuthenticating as: ,,, (pi)\r\nPassword: polkit-agent-helper-1: pam_authenticate failed: Authentication failure\r\n\r\n{"failed": true, "msg": "Command failed rc=1, out=, err=Could not set pretty hostname: Connection timed out\\n", "invocation": {"module_args": {"name": "192.168.1.102", "use": null}}}\r\n', b'Shared connection to 192.168.1.102 closed.\r\n')
<192.168.1.102> Failed to connect to the host via ssh: Shared connection to 192.168.1.102 closed.
<192.168.1.102> ESTABLISH SSH CONNECTION FOR USER: pi
<192.168.1.102> SSH: EXEC sshpass -d12 ssh -C -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o 'User="pi"' -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o 'ControlPath="/home/ncasaux/.ansible/cp/ed650a3305"' 192.168.1.102 '/bin/sh -c '"'"'rm -f -r /home/pi/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1703118028.4996538-25006-160853801334657/ > /dev/null 2>&1 && sleep 0'"'"''
<192.168.1.102> (0, b'', b'')
fatal: [rpi-cm4-2]: FAILED! => changed=false
invocation:
module_args:
name: 192.168.1.102
use: null
msg: |-
Command failed rc=1, out=, err=Could not set pretty hostname: Connection timed out
所以IP好像被使用了...
很明显使用的是IP地址，所以这不是问题。看起来 ansible is 连接成功，但在尝试设置系统主机名时收到错误。
从错误信息来看，似乎是权限问题：
==== AUTHENTICATING FOR org.freedesktop.hostname1.set-static-hostname ====
Authentication is required to set the statically configured local hostname, as well as the pretty hostname.
Authenticating as: ,,, (pi)
Password: polkit-agent-helper-1: pam_authenticate failed: Authentication failure
您可能需要确保在远程主机上以
root- name: Change hostname of managed nodes
hosts: rpi_cm4-2
become: true
tasks:
- name: Change hostname of managed nodes
ansible.builtin.hostname:
name: "{{ hostvars[inventory_hostname].name }}"
注意添加了
become: trueroot