Swift 如何从字符串中获取整数并将其转换为整数

问题描述 投票:0回答:10

我需要从字符串中提取数字并将它们放入 Swift 中的新数组中。

var str = "I have to buy 3 apples, 7 bananas, 10eggs"

我尝试循环每个字符,但我不知道比较字符和 Int。

string swift integer character
10个回答
75
投票

迅捷 3/4

let string = "0kaksd020dk2kfj2123"
if let number = Int(string.components(separatedBy: CharacterSet.decimalDigits.inverted).joined()) {
    // Do something with this number
}

您还可以进行扩展,例如:

extension Int {
    static func parse(from string: String) -> Int? {
        Int(string.components(separatedBy: CharacterSet.decimalDigits.inverted).joined())
    }
}

然后像这样使用它:

if let number = Int.parse(from: "0kaksd020dk2kfj2123") { 
    // Do something with this number
} 

50
投票

首先,我们分割字符串,以便我们可以处理单个项目。然后我们使用

NSCharacterSet
仅选择数字。

import Foundation

let str = "I have to buy 3 apples, 7 bananas, 10eggs"
let strArr = str.split(separator: " ")

for item in strArr {
    let part = item.components(separatedBy: CharacterSet.decimalDigits.inverted).joined()

    if let intVal = Int(part) {
        print("this is a number -> \(intVal)")
    }
}

斯威夫特4

let string = "I have to buy 3 apples, 7 bananas, 10eggs"
let stringArray = string.components(separatedBy: CharacterSet.decimalDigits.inverted)
for item in stringArray {
    if let number = Int(item) {
        print("number: \(number)")
    }
}

11
投票

使用 Swift 提取正则表达式匹配中的“正则表达式辅助函数”

func matchesForRegexInText(regex: String!, text: String!) -> [String] {

    let regex = NSRegularExpression(pattern: regex,
        options: nil, error: nil)!
    let nsString = text as NSString
    let results = regex.matchesInString(text,
        options: nil, range: NSMakeRange(0, nsString.length))
        as! [NSTextCheckingResult]
    return map(results) { nsString.substringWithRange($0.range)}
}

您可以轻松实现这一目标

let str = "I have to buy 3 apples, 7 bananas, 10eggs"
let numbersAsStrings = matchesForRegexInText("\\d+", str) // [String]
let numbersAsInts = numbersAsStrings.map { $0.toInt()! }  // [Int]

println(numbersAsInts) // [3, 7, 10]

模式

"\d+"
匹配一个或多个十进制数字。


当然,不使用辅助函数也可以完成同样的操作 如果您出于某种原因喜欢这样:

let str = "I have to buy 3 apples, 7 bananas, 10eggs"
let regex = NSRegularExpression(pattern: "\\d+", options: nil, error: nil)!
let nsString = str as NSString
let results = regex.matchesInString(str, options: nil, range: NSMakeRange(0, nsString.length))
    as! [NSTextCheckingResult]
let numbers = map(results) { nsString.substringWithRange($0.range).toInt()! }
println(numbers) // [3, 7, 10]

没有正则表达式的替代解决方案:

let str = "I have to buy 3 apples, 7 bananas, 10eggs"

let digits = "0123456789"
let numbers = split(str, allowEmptySlices: false) { !contains(digits, $0) }
    .map { $0.toInt()! }
println(numbers) // [3, 7, 10]

11
投票
let str = "Hello 1, World 62"
let intString = str.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(
    NSCharacterSet
        .decimalDigitCharacterSet()
        .invertedSet)
    .joinWithSeparator("")

这将为您提供一个包含所有数字的字符串,然后您可以这样做:

let int = Int(intString)

请确保将其打开,因为

let int = Int(intString)
是可选的。


8
投票

对我来说,将其作为字符串扩展更有意义,可能这是一个品味问题:

extension String {
 func parseToInt() -> Int? {
    return Int(self.components(separatedBy: CharacterSet.decimalDigits.inverted).joined())
 }
}

所以可以这样使用:

if let number = "0kaksd020dk2kfj2123".parseToInt() { 
// Do something with this number
} 

6
投票

改编自@flashadvanced's answer, 我发现以下内容对我来说更短更简单。

let str = "I have to buy 3 apples, 7 bananas, 10eggs"
let component = str.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(NSCharacterSet.decimalDigitCharacterSet().invertedSet)
let list = component.filter({ $0 != "" }) // filter out all the empty strings in the component
print(list)

在游乐场尝试过,有效

希望有帮助:)


2
投票

斯威夫特2.2

  let strArr = str.characters.split{$0 == " "}.map(String.init)

        for item in strArr {
           let components = item.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(NSCharacterSet.decimalDigitCharacterSet().invertedSet)

                let part = components.joinWithSeparator("")

                    if let intVal = Int(part) {
                        print("this is a number -> \(intVal)")
                      }
              }

1
投票
// This will only work with single digit numbers. Works with “10eggs” (no space between number and word
var str = "I have to buy 3 apples, 7 bananas, 10eggs"
var ints: [Int] = []
for char:Character in str {
  if let int = "\(char)".toInt(){
    ints.append(int)
  }
}

这里的技巧是你可以检查字符串是否是整数(但不能检查字符是否是整数)。 通过循环遍历字符串的每个字符,使用字符串插值从该字符创建一个字符串,并检查该字符串是否被转换为整数。
如果可以的话,将其添加到数组中。

// This will work with multi digit numbers. Does NOT work with “10 eggs” (has to have a space between number and word)
var str = "I have to buy 3 apples, 7 bananas, 10 eggs"
var ints: [Int] = []
var strArray = split(str) {$0 == " "}
for subString in strArray{
  if let int = subString.toInt(){
    ints.append(int)
  }
}

在这里,我们在任意空格处分割字符串,并为长字符串中的每个子字符串创建一个数组。
我们再次检查每个字符串,看看它是否是(或可以转换为)整数。


1
投票

斯威夫特5:

extension String {
var allNumbers: [Int] {
    let numbersInString = self.components(separatedBy: .decimalDigits.inverted).filter { !$0.isEmpty }
        return numbersInString.compactMap { Int($0) }
    }
}

您可以获得所有数字,例如

var str = "I have to buy 3 apples, 7 bananas, 10eggs"
// numbers = [3, 7, 10]
numbers = str.allNumbers

0
投票

感谢所有回答我问题的人。

我正在寻找一个仅使用 swift 语法的代码块,因为我现在只学习语法..

我的问题得到了答案。也许这不是一个更容易解决的方法,但它只使用了 swift 语言。

var article = "I have to buy 3 apples, 7 bananas, 10 eggs"
var charArray = Array(article)

var unitValue = 0
var total = 0
for char in charArray.reverse() {

    if let number = "\(char)".toInt() {
        if unitValue==0 {
            unitValue = 1
        }
        else {
            unitValue *= 10
        }
        total += number*unitValue
    }
    else {
        unitValue = 0
    }
}
println("I bought \(total) apples.")
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