在 Swift 中使用 UIActivityViewController 共享文本或图像的基本示例

Question

我开始搜索时想知道如何与 iOS 中的其他应用程序共享。我发现有两个重要的方法是

• UIActivityViewController

• UIDocumentInteractionController

这些方法和其他方法在这个SO答案中进行了比较。

通常，当我学习新概念时，我喜欢看一个基本示例来帮助我入门。一旦我完成了一些基本设置，我就可以稍后按照我喜欢的方式修改它。

有很多与

UIActivityViewController

相关的问题，但我找不到任何只是要求一个简单示例的问题。由于我刚刚学会了如何做到这一点，我将在下面提供我自己的答案。请随意添加更好的版本（或 Objective-C 版本）。

Answer 1

UIActivityViewController 示例项目

使用两个按钮设置故事板并将它们连接到视图控制器（参见下面的代码）。

将图像添加到您的 Assets.xcassets 中。我称我的为“狮子”。

代码

import UIKit
class ViewController: UIViewController {
    
    // share text
    @IBAction func shareTextButton(_ sender: UIButton) {
        
        // text to share
        let text = "This is some text that I want to share."
        
        // set up activity view controller
        let textToShare = [ text ]
        let activityViewController = UIActivityViewController(activityItems: textToShare, applicationActivities: nil)
        activityViewController.popoverPresentationController?.sourceView = self.view // so that iPads won't crash
        
        // exclude some activity types from the list (optional)
        activityViewController.excludedActivityTypes = [ UIActivity.ActivityType.airDrop, UIActivity.ActivityType.postToFacebook ]
        
        // present the view controller
        self.present(activityViewController, animated: true, completion: nil)
        
    }
    
    // share image
    @IBAction func shareImageButton(_ sender: UIButton) {
        
        // image to share
        let image = UIImage(named: "Image")
        
        // set up activity view controller
        let imageToShare = [ image! ]
        let activityViewController = UIActivityViewController(activityItems: imageToShare, applicationActivities: nil)
        activityViewController.popoverPresentationController?.sourceView = self.view // so that iPads won't crash
        
        // exclude some activity types from the list (optional)
        activityViewController.excludedActivityTypes = [ UIActivity.ActivityType.airDrop, UIActivity.ActivityType.postToFacebook ]
        
        // present the view controller
        self.present(activityViewController, animated: true, completion: nil)
    }
    
}

结果

单击“共享一些文本”会在左侧显示结果，单击“共享图像”会在右侧显示结果。

注释

• 我用 iOS 11 和 Swift 4 重新测试了它。我必须在模拟器中运行几次才能工作，因为它超时了。这可能是因为我的电脑速度很慢。
• 如果您想隐藏其中一些选项，可以使用

  excludedActivityTypes

  来实现，如上面的代码所示。
• 不包含

  popoverPresentationController?.sourceView

  行将导致您的应用程序在 iPad 上运行时崩溃。
• 这不允许您与其他应用程序共享文本或图像。您可能想要

  UIDocumentInteractionController

  。

另请参阅

• 通过 UIActivityViewController 将共享添加到您的 Swift 应用程序
• UIActivity视图控制器来自 NSHipster

• UIActivityViewController

  文档
• 分享扩展文档
• 与

  UIDocumentInteractionController

比较

Answer 2

分享：文字

@IBAction func shareOnlyText(_ sender: UIButton) {
    let text = "This is the text....."
    let textShare = [ text ]
    let activityViewController = UIActivityViewController(activityItems: textShare , applicationActivities: nil)
    activityViewController.popoverPresentationController?.sourceView = self.view 
    self.present(activityViewController, animated: true, completion: nil)
}
}

分享：图片

@IBAction func shareOnlyImage(_ sender: UIButton) {
    let image = UIImage(named: "Product")
    let imageShare = [ image! ]
    let activityViewController = UIActivityViewController(activityItems: imageShare , applicationActivities: nil)
    activityViewController.popoverPresentationController?.sourceView = self.view 
    self.present(activityViewController, animated: true, completion: nil)
 }

分享： 文字 - 图片 - 网址

   @IBAction func shareAll(_ sender: UIButton) {
    let text = "This is the text...."
    let image = UIImage(named: "Product")
    let myWebsite = NSURL(string:"https://stackoverflow.com/users/4600136/mr-javed-multani?tab=profile")
    let shareAll= [text , image! , myWebsite]
    let activityViewController = UIActivityViewController(activityItems: shareAll, applicationActivities: nil)
    activityViewController.popoverPresentationController?.sourceView = self.view 
    self.present(activityViewController, animated: true, completion: nil)
   }

Answer 3

请注意，您也可以将其用于 iPad：

activityViewController.popoverPresentationController?.sourceView = sender

因此，弹出窗口会从发件人处弹出（在这种情况下为按钮）。

Answer 4

如果您想共享整个屏幕，我发现这可以完美地工作。

@IBAction func shareButton(_ sender: Any) {

    let bounds = UIScreen.main.bounds
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(bounds.size, true, 0.0)
    self.view.drawHierarchy(in: bounds, afterScreenUpdates: false)
    let img = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
    let activityViewController = UIActivityViewController(activityItems: [img!], applicationActivities: nil)
    activityViewController.popoverPresentationController?.sourceView = self.view
    self.present(activityViewController, animated: true, completion: nil)
}

Answer 5

我已经使用了上面的实现，现在我才知道它不适用于运行 iOS 13 的 iPad。 我必须在调用present()之前添加这些行才能使其工作

//avoiding to crash on iPad
if let popoverController = activityViewController.popoverPresentationController {
     popoverController.sourceRect = CGRect(x: UIScreen.main.bounds.width / 2, y: UIScreen.main.bounds.height / 2, width: 0, height: 0)
     popoverController.sourceView = self.view
     popoverController.permittedArrowDirections = UIPopoverArrowDirection(rawValue: 0)
}

这对我来说就是这样

func shareData(_ dataToShare: [Any]){

        let activityViewController = UIActivityViewController(activityItems: dataToShare, applicationActivities: nil)

        //exclude some activity types from the list (optional)
        //activityViewController.excludedActivityTypes = [
            //UIActivity.ActivityType.postToFacebook
        //]

        //avoiding to crash on iPad
        if let popoverController = activityViewController.popoverPresentationController {
            popoverController.sourceRect = CGRect(x: UIScreen.main.bounds.width / 2, y: UIScreen.main.bounds.height / 2, width: 0, height: 0)
            popoverController.sourceView = self.view
            popoverController.permittedArrowDirections = UIPopoverArrowDirection(rawValue: 0)
        }

        self.present(activityViewController, animated: true, completion: nil)
    }

Answer 6

您可以使用我在项目的一个帮助器类中编写的以下函数。

只需致电

showShareActivity(msg:"message", image: nil, url: nil, sourceRect: nil) 

它适用于 iPhone 和 iPad。如果您通过 sourceRect 传递任何视图的 CGRect 值，它也会在 iPad 中显示一个小箭头。

func topViewController()-> UIViewController{
    var topViewController:UIViewController = UIApplication.shared.keyWindow!.rootViewController!

    while ((topViewController.presentedViewController) != nil) {
        topViewController = topViewController.presentedViewController!;
    }

    return topViewController
}

func showShareActivity(msg:String?, image:UIImage?, url:String?, sourceRect:CGRect?){
    var objectsToShare = [AnyObject]()

    if let url = url {
        objectsToShare = [url as AnyObject]
    }

    if let image = image {
        objectsToShare = [image as AnyObject]
    }

    if let msg = msg {
        objectsToShare = [msg as AnyObject]
    }

    let activityVC = UIActivityViewController(activityItems: objectsToShare, applicationActivities: nil)
    activityVC.modalPresentationStyle = .popover
    activityVC.popoverPresentationController?.sourceView = topViewController().view
    if let sourceRect = sourceRect {
        activityVC.popoverPresentationController?.sourceRect = sourceRect
    }

    topViewController().present(activityVC, animated: true, completion: nil)
}

Answer 7

iOS 分享文字或图片

礼物

UIActivityViewController

let controller = UIActivityViewController(activityItems: [someObject], applicationActivities: nil) 
//someObject can be UIImage, NSURL, String... iOS decide how to handle it properly

controller.popoverPresentationController?.sourceView = self.view

//add completionWithItemsHandler
controller.completionWithItemsHandler = {
    (
        activityType: UIActivity.ActivityType?,
        completed: Bool,
        arrayReturnedItems: [Any]?,
        error: Error?
    ) in
    
    if let error = error {
        //error occured
        return
    }
    
    if completed {
        if let activityType = activityType {
            switch activityType {
            case .saveToCameraRoll:
                break
            case .copyToPasteboard:
                break
            case .addToReadingList:
                break
            case .airDrop:
                break
            default:
                //all others
                break
            }
        }
    } else {
        //Cancel
    }
}

self.present(controller, animated: true)

将图像保存到图库中

如果要将图像保存到库中，请将

NSPhotoLibraryAddUsageDescription

添加到应用程序的

.plist

文件中，否则会出现运行时错误：

此应用程序已崩溃，因为它试图在没有使用说明的情况下访问隐私敏感数据。应用程序的 Info.plist 必须包含一个 NSPhotoLibraryAddUsageDescription 键，其中包含一个字符串值，向用户解释应用程序如何使用此数据。

此外，您可以排除此机会：

controller.excludedActivityTypes = [.saveToCameraRoll]

带有

completionWithItemsHandler

的变体，可以帮助添加后期逻辑或处理错误。

例如，将 UIImage 保存到相应处理程序中的照片库时，我遇到了下一个错误：

错误域=ALAssetsLibraryErrorDomain代码=-1“未知错误”UserInfo={NSLocalizedDescription=未知错误，NSUnderlyingError=0x600003f85110 {错误域=PHPhotosErrorDomain代码=3303“（空）”}}

正如我所想，我试图保存

CIImage

。作为变体，您可以将其转换为

CGImage

let context = CIContext()
guard let cgImage = context.createCGImage(output, from: output.extent) else { return nil }
return UIImage(cgImage: cgImage)

自定义UIActivityViewController

class ImageActivityItemSource: NSObject, UIActivityItemSource {
    let image: UIImage
    let title: String
    
    public init(image: UIImage, title: String) {
        self.image = image
        self.title = title
    }
    
    func activityViewControllerPlaceholderItem(_ activityViewController: UIActivityViewController) -> Any {
        return self.image
    }
    
    func activityViewController(_ activityViewController: UIActivityViewController, itemForActivityType activityType: UIActivity.ActivityType?) -> Any? {
        return self.image
    }
    
    public func activityViewControllerLinkMetadata(_ activityViewController: UIActivityViewController) -> LPLinkMetadata? {
        let image = self.image
        let imageProvider = NSItemProvider(object: image)
        let metadata = LPLinkMetadata()
        metadata.title = self.title
        metadata.imageProvider = imageProvider
        return metadata
    }
}

使用：

let imageActivityItemSource = ImageActivityItemSource(image: image, title: "Share this image with others")
let ac = UIActivityViewController(activityItems: [imageActivityItemSource], applicationActivities: nil)