将JSON文件导入Mysql 5.7

Question

我无法将.json文件作为Mysql 5.7中的表导入;所有行都保持空白。我不确定错误在哪里。

我正在使用/home/name/json_data/sample.json下存储的以下json文件

{
    "price": null,
    "sale_list": [
        {
            "buyer": "SmackMe089",
            "date": "April 29th 2019 21:20:50",
            "id": "1234",
            "item_desc": ""
        }
}

当我尝试使用以下sql文件将其导入mysql 5.7时，不会导入任何内容。

file.sql：

CREATE TABLE example_table (
         id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
         json_data JSON NOT NULL,
         PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

LOAD DATA INFILE '/home/path/json_data/sample.json' INTO TABLE example_table (json_data);

尝试导入到mysql：mysql --host=host_ip -u root -p db_name < /home/path/data/file.sql

Answer 1

有两种选择：

1. 13.2.6 LOAD DATA Syntax
2. 7.2 JSON Import Utility

测试：

$ mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.7.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

mysql> SELECT VERSION();
+-----------+
| VERSION() |
+-----------+
| 5.7.26    |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `test`.`example_table`;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `test`.`example_table` (
    ->   `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    ->   `json_data` JSON NOT NULL,
    ->   PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

1.加载数据

文件：/path/to/file/sample.json

{"price": null, "sale_list": [{"buyer": "SmackMe089", "date": "April 29th 2019 21:20:50", "id": "1234", "item_desc": ""}]}

MySQL命令行客户端

mysql> LOAD DATA INFILE '/path/to/file/sample.json'
    -> INTO TABLE `test`.`example_table` (`json_data`);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 1  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT `id`, `json_data`
    -> FROM `test`.`example_table`\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       id: 1
json_data: {"price": null, "sale_list": [{"id": "1234", "date": "April 29th 2019 21:20:50", "buyer": "SmackMe089", "item_desc": ""}]}
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2. JSON导入实用程序

文件：/path/to/file/sample.json

{
    "price": null,
    "sale_list": [
        {
            "buyer": "SmackMe089",
            "date": "April 29th 2019 21:20:50",
            "id": "1234",
            "item_desc": ""
        }
    ]
}

MySQL Shell：正如@TimBiegeleisen所说，你可以使用MySQL Shell（即使使用MySQL 5.7），但你必须激活X Plugin：

$ mysqlsh --sql
MySQL Shell 8.0.16

Your MySQL connection id is 2 (X protocol)
Server version: 5.7.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
No default schema selected; type \use <schema> to set one.

MySQL 127.0.0.1:15726+ SQL > SELECT VERSION();
+-----------+
| VERSION() |
+-----------+
| 5.7.26    |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.0004 sec)

MySQL 127.0.0.1:15726+ SQL > SELECT `id`, `json_data`
                          -> FROM `test`.`example_table`\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       id: 1
json_data: {"price": null, "sale_list": [{"id": "1234", "date": "April 29th 2019 21:20:50", "buyer": "SmackMe089", "item_desc": ""}]}
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL 127.0.0.1:15726+ SQL > \js
Switching to JavaScript mode...

MySQL 127.0.0.1:15726+ JS > util.importJson('/path/to/file/sample.json', {schema: 'test', table: 'example_table', tableColumn: 'json_data'});
Importing from file "/path/to/file/sample.json" to table `test`.`example_table` in MySQL Server at 127.0.0.1:15726

.. 1.. 1
Processed 204 bytes in 1 document in 0.0007 sec (1.36K documents/s)
Total successfully imported documents 1 (1.36K documents/s)

MySQL 127.0.0.1:15726+ JS > \sql
Switching to SQL mode... Commands end with ;

MySQL 127.0.0.1:15726+ SQL > SELECT `id`, `json_data`
                          -> FROM `test`.`example_table`\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       id: 1
json_data: {"price": null, "sale_list": [{"id": "1234", "date": "April 29th 2019 21:20:50", "buyer": "SmackMe089", "item_desc": ""}]}
1 row in set (0.0007 sec)
*************************** 2. row ***************************
       id: 2
json_data: {"price": null, "sale_list": [{"id": "1234", "date": "April 29th 2019 21:20:50", "buyer": "SmackMe089", "item_desc": ""}]}
2 rows in set (0.0006 sec)

Answer 2

无法使用LOAD DATA INFILE加载JSON，因为正如上面的注释所述，该语句仅加载CSV数据。

如果要将JSON文档加载为标量以插入表的一行，则可以使用LOAD_FILE()函数。

INSERT INTO example_table SET json_data = LOAD_FILE('/home/path/json_data/sample.json');

这只创建了一行来存储整个JSON文档。它不解析JSON，为JSON中的sales_list数组中的每个条目插入单独的行。

阅读我链接到的文档，了解有关LOAD_FILE()函数的更多信息。