“ ORA-00904无效标识符，添加外键约束时

问题描述 投票：0回答：4

我正在尝试创建“诊断”表（最后一个表），但是创建外键的两行代码有问题。我确信这就是问题所在，因为当我注释掉它们时，我可以创建表。可以毫无错误地创建前4个表，因此它们没有问题。感谢您阅读我的问题。

我试图找出一些语法错误，但无济于事。

CREATE TABLE nurse(
nurse_ID number(5) not null,
nurse_name varchar2(20),
nurse_number number(10),
nurse_address varchar2(50),
CONSTRAINTS nurse_pk PRIMARY KEY (nurse_ID)
);

CREATE TABLE medicine(
med_ID number(10) not null,
med_name varchar2(30),
med_type varchar2(20),
exp_date date,
dose_lim float,
med_components varchar2(50),
CONSTRAINTS med_pk PRIMARY KEY (med_ID)
);

CREATE TABLE in_patient (
in_pat_ID number(5) not null,
in_pat_name varchar2(20),
in_pat_add varchar2(50),
in_pat_dob date,
in_pat_history varchar2(100),
in_mode_payment varchar2(20),
in_start_date date,
in_end_date date,
CONSTRAINTS in_pat_pk PRIMARY KEY (in_pat_ID)
);

CREATE TABLE out_patient (
out_pat_ID number(5) not null,
out_pat_name varchar2(20),
out_pat_add varchar2(50),
out_pat_dob date,
out_pat_history varchar2(100),
out_mode_payment varchar(20),
out_date_of_visit date,
CONSTRAINTS out_pat_pk PRIMARY KEY (out_pat_ID)
);

CREATE TABLE diagnosis(
dia_ref number(12) not null,
dia_type varchar2(20),
dia_date date,
dia_result varchar2(8), --Either Negative or positive.
CONSTRAINTS dia_pk PRIMARY KEY (dia_ref),
--one of the following is going to be null when you insert rows into this table since one diagnosis can only be associated with a single patient
CONSTRAINTS dia_out_fk FOREIGN KEY (out_pat_ID) REFERENCES out_patient (out_pat_ID),
CONSTRAINTS dia_in_fk FOREIGN KEY (in_pat_ID) REFERENCES in_patient (in_pat_ID)
);

我希望该表可以正确创建。

oracle ddl
4个回答
0
投票

您的diagnosis表将out_pat_ID和in_pat_ID引用为应作为外键的列，但是这些列实际上在表定义中不存在。尝试在此处添加它们作为一种可能的解决方法：

CREATE TABLE diagnosis (
    dia_ref number(12) NOT NULL,
    dia_type varchar2(20),
    dia_date date,
    dia_result varchar2(8),
    out_pat_ID number(5),
    in_pat_ID number(5)
    CONSTRAINT dia_pk PRIMARY KEY (dia_ref),
    CONSTRAINT dia_out_fk FOREIGN KEY (out_pat_ID) REFERENCES out_patient (out_pat_ID),
    CONSTRAINT dia_in_fk FOREIGN KEY (in_pat_ID) REFERENCES in_patient (in_pat_ID)
);
0
投票

诊断表需要添加out_pat_ID和in_pat_ID列

    CREATE TABLE nurse(

    nurse_ID number(5) not null,
    nurse_name varchar2(20),
    nurse_number number(10),
    nurse_address varchar2(50),
    CONSTRAINTS nurse_pk PRIMARY KEY (nurse_ID)

    );

✓
    CREATE TABLE medicine(

    med_ID number(10) not null,
    med_name varchar2(30),
    med_type varchar2(20),
    exp_date date,
    dose_lim float,
    med_components varchar2(50),

    CONSTRAINTS med_pk PRIMARY KEY (med_ID)

    );

✓
    CREATE TABLE in_patient (

    in_pat_ID number(5) not null,
    in_pat_name varchar2(20),
    in_pat_add varchar2(50),
    in_pat_dob date,
    in_pat_history varchar2(100),
    in_mode_payment varchar2(20),
    in_start_date date,
    in_end_date date,
    CONSTRAINTS in_pat_pk PRIMARY KEY (in_pat_ID)
    );

✓
    CREATE TABLE out_patient (

    out_pat_ID number(5) not null,
    out_pat_name varchar2(20),
    out_pat_add varchar2(50),
    out_pat_dob date,
    out_pat_history varchar2(100),
    out_mode_payment varchar(20),
    out_date_of_visit date,
    CONSTRAINTS out_pat_pk PRIMARY KEY (out_pat_ID)
    );

✓
    CREATE TABLE diagnosis(

    dia_ref number(12) not null,
    dia_type varchar2(20),
    dia_date date,
    dia_result varchar2(8), --Either Negative or positive.
    out_pat_ID number(5) not null,
    in_pat_ID number(5) not null,

    CONSTRAINTS dia_pk PRIMARY KEY (dia_ref),
    --one of the following is going to be null when you insert rows into this table since one diagnosis can only be associated with a single patient
    CONSTRAINTS dia_out_fk FOREIGN KEY (out_pat_ID) REFERENCES out_patient (out_pat_ID),
    CONSTRAINTS dia_in_fk FOREIGN KEY (in_pat_ID) REFERENCES in_patient (in_pat_ID)

    );

✓

db <>小提琴here

0
投票

如果每个诊断只允许一名患者，那么您也应该具有check约束。您的评论和数据结构不同步：

CREATE TABLE diagnosis (
    dia_ref number(12) not null,
    dia_type varchar2(20),
    dia_date date,
    dia_result varchar2(8), --Either Negative or positive.
    out_pat_ID number(5),
    in_pat_ID number(5),
    constraint chk_diagnosis_pat_id
        check ( (out_pat_id is not null and in_pat_id is null) or
                (out_pat_id is null and in_pat_id is not null)
              ),                 
    constraint dia_pk primary key (dia_ref),
    --one of the following is going to be null when you insert rows into this table since one diagnosis can only be associated with a single patient
    constraint dia_out_fk foreign key (out_pat_ID) references out_patient (out_pat_ID),
    constraints dia_in_fk foreign key (in_pat_ID) references in_patient (in_pat_ID)
);

就是说，用于住院和门诊的单独表格看起来不正确。或者，至少，您需要一个persons表，其中包含一段时间内有关某人的信息。然后，您可以使用单独的“约会”和“注册”来确定他们是进行门诊预约还是进行住院治疗注册。

0
投票

我个人更喜欢将内联的单列约束定义为列定义的一部分。然后，您不必重复列名，并且对于FK约束，您可以让该列继承其父级的数据类型，从而减少出错的可能性。

create table in_patient
( in_pat_id          number(5) constraint in_pat_pk primary key
, in_pat_name        varchar2(20)
, in_pat_add         varchar2(50)
, in_pat_dob         date
, in_pat_history     varchar2(100)
, in_mode_payment    varchar2(20)
, in_start_date      date
, in_end_date        date
);

create table out_patient
( out_pat_id         number(5) constraint out_pat_pk primary key
, out_pat_name       varchar2(20)
, out_pat_add        varchar2(50)
, out_pat_dob        date
, out_pat_history    varchar2(100)
, out_mode_payment   varchar(20)
, out_date_of_visit  date
);

create table diagnosis
( dia_ref            number(12) constraint dia_pk primary key
, dia_type           varchar2(20)
, dia_date           date
, dia_result         varchar2(8)
, dia_out_fk         references out_patient (out_pat_id)
, dia_in_fk          references in_patient (in_pat_id)
);

如果dia_result只能是'POSITIVE'或'NEGATIVE'，那么我建议添加一个检查约束以强制执行此操作。

可能更多的列可以定义为not null。定义您可能想到的所有可能的约束是一个好主意。

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