我正在尝试使用TOAD
在Oracle SQL中创建存储过程,但它没有做任何事情。在尝试创建它时没有错误,没有消息,没有任何消息。它似乎已经过去了,但事实并非如此。
查询如下所示:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PottyUseRange (formatty varchar2, start varchar2, end varchar2)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT TO_CHAR(TIME_RANGE, formatty) as CURRENT_DATE,
SUM(CASE WHEN PORTA_POTTY = 'LM' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as LM_SEARCH,
SUM(CASE WHEN PORTA_POTTY = 'AO' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as AO_SEARCH,
SUM(CASE WHEN PORTA_POTTY = 'RO' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as RO_SEARCH,
SUM(CASE WHEN PORTA_POTTY = 'FL' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as FL_SEARCH,
SUM(CASE WHEN PORTA_POTTY IN ('LM', 'AO', 'RO', 'FL') THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as TOTAL
FROM CORE.DATE_TEST
WHERE to_char(TIME_RANGE, formatty) >= to_char(start, formatty)
AND to_char(TIME_RANGE, formatty) <= to_char(end, formatty)
GROUP BY TO_CHAR(TIME_RANGE, formatty)
ORDER BY TO_CHAR(TIME_RANGE, formatty) ASC;
EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN
raise_application_error(-20001,'Proc failed - '||SQLCODE||' -ERROR- '||SQLERRM);
END;
当我试图调用它时(我知道这是一个空查询,但它会让我知道它是否存在):
BEGIN
POTTYUSERANGE();
END;
我收到这个错误:PLS-00201: identifier 'POTTYUSERANGE' must be declared
当我使用CALL POTTYUSERANGE();
调用它时,我收到此错误:ORA-06576: not a valid function or procedure name
如何为此查询正确创建存储过程?
UPDATE
我需要将其插入到BULK COLLECTION
中并将其返回给用户。它必须受到限制,因此不会导致过多的内存消耗。这些是相当大的结果集,它们看起来像这样:
+--------------+----+----+----+----+-------+
| CURRENT_DATE | LM | AO | RO | FL | TOTAL |
+--------------+----+----+----+----+-------+
| 1/2/2012 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 10 |
+--------------+----+----+----+----+-------+
| 1/4/2013 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 14 |
+--------------+----+----+----+----+-------+
我需要一个视图吗?存储过程?我需要什么?
如果我是你,这就是我编写上述程序的方式:
create or replace procedure pottyuserange (p_date_format in varchar2,
p_start_date in varchar2,
p_end_date in varchar2,
p_ref_cursor out sys_refcursor)
as
begin
open p_ref_cursor for
select to_char(time_range, p_date_format) as current_date,
lm_search,
ao_search,
ro_search,
fl_search,
total
from (select trunc(time_range) time_range,
sum(case when porta_potty = 'LM' then 1 else 0 end) as lm_search,
sum(case when porta_potty = 'AO' then 1 else 0 end) as ao_search,
sum(case when porta_potty = 'RO' then 1 else 0 end) as ro_search,
sum(case when porta_potty = 'FL' then 1 else 0 end) as fl_search,
sum(case when porta_potty in ('LM', 'AO', 'RO', 'FL') then 1 else 0 end) as total
from core.date_test
where trunc(time_range) >= to_date(p_start_date, p_date_format)
and trunc(time_range) <= to_date(p_end_date, p_date_format)
group by trunc(time_range))
order by time_range asc;
end pottyuserange;
/
注意:
open p_ref_cursor for
行,这是创建指向光标的指针END
线后添加程序名称至于你在Toad中运行它的问题,有些版本的Toad有一个错误(根据我的经验),通过Execute as statement / F9按钮运行代码无法执行任何操作。如果是这种情况,请尝试将其作为脚本运行(F5)。
要在Toad(作为脚本)或SQL * Plus中测试上述过程,请运行以下命令:
variable rc refcursor;
begin
PottyUseRange('YYYY-MM-DD', '1/1/2008', '10/12/2015', :rc);
end;
/
print rc;
(这会创建一个SQLPlus变量“rc”,您将其作为绑定变量传递给过程。然后,您可以使用SQLPlus打印功能循环并显示结果。)
FWIW,这是我在SQL * Plus中运行show errors时看到的内容:
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Oct 12 17:34:32 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter password:
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
SQL> create or replace procedure test
2 as
3 begin
4 null;
5 end test;
6 /
Procedure created.
SQL> show errors;
No errors.
SQL>
您已将该过程声明为:
PottyUseRange (formatty varchar2, start varchar2, end varchar2)
但是你在没有参数的情况下调用它:
BEGIN
POTTYUSERANGE();
END;
没有与您拨打的电话相匹配的程序。您需要传递适当数量的参数,这些参数可以是文字值,因为它们都是IN参数,例如:
BEGIN
POTTYUSERANGE('X', 'Y', 'Z');
END;
当然,虽然价值更有意义。您还可以传递局部变量而不是常量文字。
但是你说你得到PLS-00201: identifier 'POTTYUSERANGE' must be declared
一次调用,ORA-06576: not a valid function or procedure name
和另一个调用,这意味着你要么根本没有创建它(你输入的代码是我但没有执行它),或者你在两个工作中单独的模式。您尚未在create
调用中显示架构前缀,因此出于隐私原因,您可能会将其删除,或者您正在创建并调用单独的会话。如果您当前的用户不拥有该过程并且没有同义词,则需要在其前面加上所有者 - 从表所有者进行猜测:
BEGIN
CORE.POTTYUSERANGE('X', 'Y', 'Z');
END;
正如Lalit指出的那样,无论如何你都有编译错误,所以调用会给PLS-00905: object SCHEMA.POTTYUSERANGE is invalid
。您可以通过show errors
或通过查询user_errors
视图(或all_errors
,如果您在另一个模式中创建对象,这里似乎就是这种情况)来查看错误,它会告诉您:
PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol "START" when expecting one of the following:
<an identifier> <a double-quoted delimited-identifier>
current delete exists prior
开始和结束都是保留字。您可以使用更合适的名称(什么是开始?)或通用前缀如p_
:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PottyUseRange (p_formatty varchar2, p_start varchar2, p_end varchar2)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT TO_CHAR(TIME_RANGE, formatty) as CURRENT_DATE,
SUM(CASE WHEN PORTA_POTTY = 'LM' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as LM_SEARCH,
SUM(CASE WHEN PORTA_POTTY = 'AO' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as AO_SEARCH,
SUM(CASE WHEN PORTA_POTTY = 'RO' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as RO_SEARCH,
SUM(CASE WHEN PORTA_POTTY = 'FL' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as FL_SEARCH,
SUM(CASE WHEN PORTA_POTTY IN ('LM', 'AO', 'RO', 'FL') THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) as TOTAL
FROM CORE.DATE_TEST
WHERE to_char(TIME_RANGE, p_formatty) >= to_char(p_start, formatty)
AND to_char(TIME_RANGE, p_formatty) <= to_char(p_end, formatty)
GROUP BY TO_CHAR(TIME_RANGE, p_formatty)
ORDER BY TO_CHAR(TIME_RANGE, p_formatty) ASC;
EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN
raise_application_error(-20001,'Proc failed - '||SQLCODE||' -ERROR- '||SQLERRM);
END;
/
但是当你在PL / SQL中工作时,你还需要select into,例如声明像l_timerange
等局部变量,如果你要在本地做一些事情。但你似乎期待多个价值观,所以你需要bulk select into a collection。目前尚不清楚这应该实现的目标。如果要将这些值传递回调用者,使用引用游标返回结果集可能更简单;但是,实际上你是否真的需要一个过程/函数,或者只是一个普通的SQL查询,或者一个视图......
作为进一步的问题,您将日期作为字符串进行比较,并将这些日期分组/排序:
to_char(TIME_RANGE, formatty) >= to_char(start, formatty)
比较只适用于某些格式,并且当你传递一个变量格式时会要求出现问题;即使它的工作可能效率不高。订购也只适用于某些格式 - 如果订购有意义(再次,取决于你对结果做了什么!)。使用传入的格式将传递的开始/结束字符串转换为日期,并比较这些:
TIME_RANGE >= to_date(p_start, formatty)
...或者如果可能的话,将日期传递给过程而不是字符串。
捕捉这样的例外也是危险的。您假设调用该过程的任何人都将启用服务器输出并将对错误执行某些操作。除非你能理智地处理异常,否则你不应该抓住它,当然不应该像这样压扁它。
您应该在执行之前成功编译该过程。要查看编译错误,您可以使用SHOW ERRORS
。从那里你可以在你的select语句中得到错误。
在编译时执行以下查询以了解错误
select * from SYS.USER_ERRORS where lower(NAME) = 'pottyuserange ' and type = 'PROCEDURE'