好吧，所以我遇到了一些障碍，似乎找不到我哪里出错了......
我在运行 asterisk 的 Ubuntu 机器上有 sendmail...我希望 sendmail 将电子邮件发送到我设置的使用 Postfix 的中继服务器...该电子邮件没有被中继服务器接受...所以我认为我可能在配置中遗漏了一些东西......
这是我目前所掌握的 ---
在 Postfix 日志中 ---
Jan 19 07:49:07 plesk-server postfix/smtpd[1747495]: connect from unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]
Jan 19 07:49:07 plesk-server postfix/smtpd[1747495]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]: 554 5.7.1 <unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]>: Client host rejected: Access denied; from=<[email protected]>
Jan 19 07:49:07 plesk-server postfix/smtpd[1747495]: disconnect from unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] ehlo=2 starttls=1 mail=1 rcpt=0/1 data=0/1 rset=1 quit=1 commands=6/8
Jan 19 07:49:07 plesk-server psa-pc-remote[3822896]: Message aborted.
Jan 19 07:49:07 plesk-server psa-pc-remote[3822896]: Message aborted.
Jan 19 07:49:07 plesk-server postfix/smtpd[1747495]: connect from unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]
Jan 19 07:49:07 plesk-server postfix/smtpd[1747495]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]: 554 5.7.1 <unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]>: Client host rejected: Access denied; from=<[email protected]>
Jan 19 07:49:07 plesk-server postfix/smtpd[1747495]: disconnect from unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] ehlo=2 starttls=1 mail=1 rcpt=0/1 data=0/1 rset=1 quit=1 commands=6/8
Jan 19 07:49:07 plesk-server psa-pc-remote[3822896]: Message aborted.
Jan 19 07:49:07 plesk-server psa-pc-remote[3822896]: Message aborted.
Jan 19 07:49:20 plesk-server postfix/smtpd[1747498]: connect from unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]
Jan 19 07:49:20 plesk-server postfix/smtpd[1747498]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]: 554 5.7.1 <unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]>: Client host rejected: Access denied; from=<[email protected]>
Jan 19 07:49:20 plesk-server psa-pc-remote[3822896]: Message aborted.
Jan 19 07:49:20 plesk-server psa-pc-remote[3822896]: Message aborted.
Jan 19 07:49:20 plesk-server postfix/smtpd[1747498]: disconnect from unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] ehlo=2 starttls=1 mail=1 rcpt=0/1 data=0/1 rset=1 quit=1 commands=6/8
Postfix - main.cf
# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version
# Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first
# line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default
# is /etc/mailname.
# myorigin = /etc/mailname
myhostname = postfix.domain.com
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
biff = no
# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no
# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
# delay_warning_time = 4h
readme_directory = no
# See http://www.postfix.org/COMPATIBILITY_README.html -- default to 3.6 on
# fresh installs.
compatibility_level = 3.6
# TLS parameters
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/postfix.pem
smtpd_tls_key_file = $smtpd_tls_cert_file
smtp_tls_CApath=/etc/ssl/certs
smtp_tls_security_level = may
# smtp_tls_security_level = encrypt
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
# smtp_enforce_tls = yes
smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated defer_unauth_destination
myhostname = postfix.domain.com
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases, hash:/var/spool/postfix/plesk/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
mydestination = localhost.domain.com, localhost, localhost.localdomain
relayhost = [relay2.domain.com]:587
mynetworks = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/32, xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/24, xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/32, xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/32, xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/32
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = all
virtual_mailbox_domains = $virtual_mailbox_maps, hash:/var/spool/postfix/plesk/virtual_domains
virtual_alias_maps = $virtual_maps, hash:/var/spool/postfix/plesk/virtual
virtual_mailbox_maps = , hash:/var/spool/postfix/plesk/vmailbox
transport_maps = , hash:/var/spool/postfix/plesk/transport
tls_server_sni_maps = hash:/var/spool/postfix/plesk/certs
smtpd_use_tls = yes
smtp_use_tls = no
disable_vrfy_command = yes
smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_access hash:/var/spool/postfix/plesk/blacklists, permit_sasl_authenticated
smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated
authorized_flush_users =
authorized_mailq_users =
smtp_send_xforward_command = yes
smtpd_authorized_xforward_hosts = 127.0.0.0/8 [::1]/128
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination
virtual_mailbox_base = /var/qmail/mailnames
virtual_uid_maps = static:30
virtual_gid_maps = static:31
smtpd_milters = , inet:127.0.0.1:12768
sender_dependent_default_transport_maps = hash:/var/spool/postfix/plesk/sdd_transport_maps
virtual_transport = plesk_virtual
plesk_virtual_destination_recipient_limit = 1
mailman_destination_recipient_limit = 1
message_size_limit = 10240000
virtual_mailbox_limit = 0
smtputf8_enable = no
smtpd_tls_dh1024_param_file = /opt/psa/etc/dhparams2048.pem
smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3
smtpd_tls_protocols = TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3
smtpd_tls_ciphers = medium
smtpd_tls_mandatory_ciphers = medium
tls_medium_cipherlist = EECDH+AESGCM+AES128:EECDH+AESGCM+AES256:EECDH+CHACHA20:EECDH+SHA256+AES128:EECDH+SHA384+AES256:EECDH+SHA1+AES128:EECDH+SHA1+AES256:EECDH+HIGH:AESGCM+AES128:AESGCM+AES256:CHACHA20:SHA256+AES128:SHA256+AES256:SHA1+AES128:SHA1+AES256:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!3DES:!MD5:!PSK:!KRB5:!aECDH:!kDH:!EDH
tls_preempt_cipherlist = yes
recipient_canonical_maps = tcp:127.0.0.1:12346
recipient_canonical_classes = envelope_recipient,header_recipient
smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd
smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtp_sasl_tls_security_options = noanonymous
In the Sendmail Log ---
Jan 19 07:49:20 Asterisk sendmail[1081803]: 40JCnKct1081803: [email protected], size=91, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<202401191249.40JCnKct1081803@Asteri>
Jan 19 07:49:20 Asterisk sm-mta[1081804]: 40JCnKYc1081804: from=<[email protected]>, size=485, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<202401191249.40JCnKct1081803@Aster>
Jan 19 07:49:20 Asterisk sendmail[1081803]: 40JCnKct1081803: to=<[email protected]>, [email protected] (0/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00>
Jan 19 07:49:20 Asterisk sm-mta[1081806]: STARTTLS=client, relay=relay.domain.com., version=TLSv1.3, verify=FAIL, cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, bits=256/256
Jan 19 07:49:20 Asterisk sm-mta[1081806]: 40JCnKYc1081804: to=<[email protected]>, ctladdr=<[email protected]> (0/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00>
Jan 19 07:49:20 Asterisk sm-mta[1081806]: 40JCnKYc1081804: 40JCnKYc1081806: DSN: Service unavailable
Jan 19 07:49:20 Asterisk sm-mta[1081806]: 40JCnKYc1081806: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=30000, dsn=2.0.0, sta>
Sendmail.mc
divert(-1)dnl
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# $Sendmail: debproto.mc,v 8.15.2 2020-03-08 00:39:49 cowboy Exp $
#
# Copyright (c) 1998-2010 Richard Nelson. All Rights Reserved.
#
# cf/debian/sendmail.mc. Generated from sendmail.mc.in by configure.
#
# sendmail.mc prototype config file for building Sendmail 8.15.2
#
# Note: the .in file supports 8.7.6 - 9.0.0, but the generated
# file is customized to the version noted above.
#
# This file is used to configure Sendmail for use with Debian systems.
#
# If you modify this file, you will have to regenerate /etc/mail/sendmail.cf
# by running this file through the m4 preprocessor via one of the following:
# * make (or make -C /etc/mail)
# * sendmailconfig
# * m4 /etc/mail/sendmail.mc > /etc/mail/sendmail.cf
# The first two options are preferred as they will also update other files
# that depend upon the contents of this file.
#
# The best documentation for this .mc file is:
# /usr/share/doc/sendmail-doc/cf.README.gz
#
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
divert(0)dnl
#
# Copyright (c) 1998-2005 Richard Nelson. All Rights Reserved.
#
# This file is used to configure Sendmail for use with Debian systems.
#
define(`SMART_HOST', `relay.domain.com')dnl
define(`RELAY_MAILER',`esmtp')dnl
define(`RELAY_MAILER_ARGS', `TCP $h 587')dnl
define(`_USE_ETC_MAIL_')dnl
include(`/usr/share/sendmail/cf/m4/cf.m4')dnl
VERSIONID(`$Id: sendmail.mc, v 8.15.2-18 2020-03-08 00:39:49 cowboy Exp $')
OSTYPE(`debian')dnl
DOMAIN(`debian-mta')dnl
dnl # Items controlled by /etc/mail/sendmail.conf - DO NOT TOUCH HERE
undefine(`confHOST_STATUS_DIRECTORY')dnl #DAEMON_HOSTSTATS=
dnl # Items controlled by /etc/mail/sendmail.conf - DO NOT TOUCH HERE
dnl #
dnl # General defines
dnl #
dnl # SAFE_FILE_ENV: [undefined] If set, sendmail will do a chroot()
dnl # into this directory before writing files.
dnl # If *all* your user accounts are under /home then use that
dnl # instead - it will prevent any writes outside of /home !
dnl # define(`confSAFE_FILE_ENV', `')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Daemon options - restrict to servicing LOCALHOST ONLY !!!
dnl # Remove `, Addr=' clauses to receive from any interface
dnl # If you want to support IPv6, switch the commented/uncommentd lines
dnl #
FEATURE(`no_default_msa')dnl
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Family=inet6, Name=MTA-v6, Port=smtp, Addr=::1')dnl
DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Family=inet, Name=MTA-v4, Port=smtp, Addr=127.0.0.1')dnl
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Family=inet6, Name=MSP-v6, Port=submission, M=Ea, Addr=::1')dnl
DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Family=inet, Name=MSP-v4, Port=submission, M=Ea, Addr=127.0.0.1')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Be somewhat anal in what we allow
define(`confPRIVACY_FLAGS',dnl
needmailhelo,needexpnhelo,needvrfyhelo,restrictqrun,restrictexpand,nobodyreturn,authwarnings')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Define connection throttling and window length
define(`confCONNECTION_RATE_THROTTLE', `15')dnl
define(`confCONNECTION_RATE_WINDOW_SIZE',`10m')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Features
dnl #
dnl # use /etc/mail/local-host-names
FEATURE(`use_cw_file')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The access db is the basis for most of sendmail's checking
FEATURE(`access_db', , `skip')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The greet_pause feature stops some automail bots - but check the
dnl # provided access db for details on excluding localhosts...
FEATURE(`greet_pause', `1000')dnl 1 seconds
dnl #
dnl # Delay_checks allows sender<->recipient checking
FEATURE(`delay_checks', `friend', `n')dnl
dnl #
dnl # If we get too many bad recipients, slow things down...
define(`confBAD_RCPT_THROTTLE',`3')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Stop connections that overflow our concurrent and time connection rates
FEATURE(`conncontrol', `nodelay', `terminate')dnl
FEATURE(`ratecontrol', `nodelay', `terminate')dnl
dnl #
dnl # If you're on a dialup link, you should enable this - so sendmail
dnl # will not bring up the link (it will queue mail for later)
dnl define(`confCON_EXPENSIVE',`True')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Dialup/LAN connection overrides
dnl #
include(`/etc/mail/m4/dialup.m4')dnl
include(`/etc/mail/m4/provider.m4')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Masquerading options
FEATURE(`always_add_domain')dnl
MASQUERADE_AS(`asterisk.domain.com')dnl
FEATURE(`allmasquerade')dnl
FEATURE(`masquerade_envelope')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Default Mailer setup
MAILER_DEFINITIONS
MAILER(`local')dnl
MAILER(`smtp')dnl
这个：
Jan 19 07:49:07 plesk-server postfix/smtpd[1747495]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]: 554 5.7.1 <unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]>: Client host rejected: Access denied; from=<[email protected]>
postfix 抱怨有人试图给它发送一封没有有效 RCPT FROM 标头的电子邮件。
当您打开与 postfix 的 SMTP 会话时，它希望您提供
HELO（发起会话） 邮件来自（发件人） RCTP TO（收件人） 数据（邮件正文）
顺便还有from和MAIL FROM。 from 位于正文中，您可以将其设置为您想要的任何内容（如果它与 MAIL FROM 不匹配，大多数邮件服务器不会抱怨）。 MAIL FROM 是用来实际路由电子邮件的。 讽刺的是，大多数邮件客户端只向您显示正文中的
from不知道为什么要打印这个 - 你在发布之前编辑过这个吗？
unknown[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]
长话短说，您的邮件客户端未正确设置收件人。似乎是 sendmails 方面的问题，postfix 在这里看起来没问题。
您可以发布您用来发送邮件的cli命令吗？像这样的东西：
echo body_content | mail -s testsubject -a "From: [email protected]" [email protected]这会将邮件发件人设置为 [电子邮件受保护]
顺便说一下，
# smtp_enforce_tls = yes