如何在单个事务中持久化具有主从关系的表？

Question

我正在尝试使用Delphi XE3和Zeos 7.0.4在MySQL 5.6中保留两个具有主从关系的表。当我在主服务器上执行ApplyUpdates时，自动增量字段的值保持为0。我需要自动增量值，因此我可以将详细信息表与来自ApplyUpdates的主表的ID字段进行链接。我正在使用带有AutoCommit = FALSE和TransactionIsolationLevel = tiReadCommitted的ZConnection，带有CachedUpdates = TRUE的ZQuery。我想念什么？

ZQPerson.Append;
ZQEmployee.Append;
try
  ZQPersonName.Value := Edit1.Text;
  ZQPerson.ApplyUpdates; //Here I expected to have the auto increment value on the Id field of ZQPerson, but it returns always 0
  ZQEmployeePersonID.Value := ZQPersonId.Value; //Here I'd link Employee to it's Person record
  ZQEmployeeRegNo.Value := StrToInt(Edit2.Text);
  ZQEmployee.ApplyUpdates;
  ZConnection1.Commit; //Here I would persist both tables in a single transaction to avoid master table without details
except
  ZQPerson.CancelUpdates;
  ZQEmployee.CancelUpdates;
  ZConnection1.Rollback; //In case of exceptions rollback everything
  raise;
end;
ZQPerson.CommitUpdates;
ZQEmployee.CommitUpdates;

我的ZSQLMonitor跟踪是这样：

2013-08-29 00:01:23 cat: Execute, proto: mysql-5, msg: INSERT INTO person (Id, name) VALUES (NULL, 'Edit1') --> This is just after ZQPerson.ApplyUpdates
2013-08-29 00:01:50 cat: Execute, proto: mysql-5, msg: INSERT INTO employee (Id, RegNo, ProductId) VALUES (NULL, 1000, 0), errcode: 1452, error: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`test`.`employee`, CONSTRAINT `FK_A6085E0491BDF8EE` FOREIGN KEY (`PersonId`) REFERENCES `person` (`Id`) --> This is just after ZQEmployee.ApplyUpdates
2013-08-29 00:02:05 cat: Execute, proto: mysql-5, msg: Native Rollback call --> Rollback after Exception on the ZQEmployee.ApplyUpdates

Answer 1

您是否使用ZConnection1.StartTransaction开始事务？我也认为您必须在调用ZQuery1.ApplyUpdates之后获取新的id-

后刷新ZQuery1。

阅读您的评论，您必须在没有where子句的情况下进行select *？对？我可以建议您使用这种方法：

1）选择并增加当前自动增加值2）从主表中选择id = [step1 id] // //当然是空的3）在步骤1中使用ID添加详细信息4）在主数据集中分配ID5）应用两个更新

Answer 2

我发现的解决方法就是这个。它不能完全满足我的需要，因为它不能透明地使用数据库的自动增量功能，因此可以使用Last_Insert_ID（）函数。我正在与zeos开发人员联系以进行检查。

function LastInsertID(ATableName: string): Integer;
var DBQuery: TZQuery;
begin
  DBQuery := TZQuery.Create(Self);
  with DBQuery do
  begin
    Connection := ZConnection1;
    SQL.Clear;
    SQL.Add('Select Last_Insert_ID() as Last_Insert_ID from ' + ATableName);
    Open;
    Result := FieldByName('Last_Insert_ID').Value;
    Free;
  end;
end;

procedure Persist;
var LastID: Integer;
begin
  ZQPerson.Append;
  ZQEmployee.Append;
  try
    ZQPersonName.Value := Edit1.Text;
    ZQPerson.ApplyUpdates; // Here I expected to have the auto increment value on the Id field of ZQPerson, but it returns always 0
    LastID := LastInsertID('Person'); //Getting the Last_Insert_ID(), even on the uncommitted transction, works
    ZQEmployeePersonId.Value := LastID; //Link the two tables using the Last_Insert_ID() result
    ZQEmployeeRegNo.Value := StrToInt(Edit2.Text);
    ZQEmployee.ApplyUpdates;
    ZConnection1.Commit; // Here I persist both tables in a single transaction to avoid master table without details
  except
    ZQPerson.CancelUpdates;
    ZQEmployee.CancelUpdates;
    ZConnection1.Rollback; // In case of exceptions rollback everything
    raise;
  end;
  ZQPerson.CommitUpdates;
  ZQEmployee.CommitUpdates;

Answer 3

我在一个简单的数据库中对其进行了测试，该数据库中有两个主表和明细表，这些表嵌套在TDataSource中，并与明细表的where相关联：

object conMysql: TZConnection
     TransactIsolationLevel = tiReadCommitted
object zqryMaster: TZQuery
     Connection = conMysql
SQL.Strings = (
       'select * from temp.master')
object dsNestedMaster: TDataSource
     DataSet = zqryMaster
object zqryDetail: TZQuery
     Connection = conMysql
     SQL.Strings = (
       'select * from temp.detail'
       'where id_master =: id')

启动事务后，如果发生错误，所有更新必须等待确认或回滚：

  try
    zqryMaster.Connection.StartTransaction;
    zqryMaster.Edit;
    zqryDetail.Edit;
    zqryMaster.FindField('dt_mov').Value := Now;
    while not zqryDetail.Eof do
    begin
      zqryDetail.Edit;
      zqryDetail.FindField('dt_mov').Value := Now;
      zqryDetail.ApplyUpdates;
      zqryDetail.Next;
      //raise Exception.Create('simple error'); //use for tests, check database after perform
    end;
    zqryMaster.ApplyUpdates;
    zqryMaster.Connection.Commit;
  except
    zqryMaster.Connection.Rollback;
    zqryMaster.CancelUpdates;
    zqryDetail.CancelUpdates;
  end;