我正在尝试确保序列化适用于矩阵，例如Armadillo，但出现一些错误。
我制作了一个简单的随机矩阵示例，并尝试使用boost将内容保存在二进制文件中，然后使用boost加载它：
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <boost/archive/tmpdir.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp>
#include <armadillo>
int main() {
arma::mat A = arma::randu<arma::mat>(4,5);
std::ofstream outputStream;
outputStream.open("bin.dat");
std::ostringstream oss;
boost::archive::binary_oarchive oa(outputStream);
oa & A;
outputStream.close(); getting error
arma::mat B;
std::ifstream inputStream;
inputStream.open("bin.dat", std::ifstream::in);
boost::archive::binary_iarchive ia(inputStream);
ia & B;
return 0;
}
我遇到以下错误（运行命令时：g++ -std=c++11 arma_boost.cpp -larmadillo -lboost_serialization）：
In file included from /usr/include/boost/serialization/split_member.hpp:23:0,
from /usr/include/boost/serialization/nvp.hpp:33,
from /usr/include/boost/serialization/array.hpp:19,
from /usr/include/boost/archive/basic_binary_oprimitive.hpp:50,
from /usr/include/boost/archive/binary_oarchive_impl.hpp:22,
from /usr/include/boost/archive/binary_oarchive.hpp:21,
from arma_boost.cpp:4:
/usr/include/boost/serialization/access.hpp: In instantiation of ‘static void boost::serialization::access::serialize(Archive&, T&, unsigned int) [with Archive = boost::archive::binary_oarchive; T = arma::Mat<double>]’:
/usr/include/boost/serialization/serialization.hpp:69:69: required from ‘void boost::serialization::serialize(Archive&, T&, unsigned int) [with Archive = boost::archive::binary_oarchive; T = arma::Mat<double>]’
/usr/include/boost/serialization/serialization.hpp:128:27: required from ‘void boost::serialization::serialize_adl(Archive&, T&, unsigned int) [with Archive = boost::archive::binary_oarchive; T = arma::Mat<double>]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/oserializer.hpp:152:5: required from ‘void boost::archive::detail::oserializer<Archive, T>::save_object_data(boost::archive::detail::basic_oarchive&, const void*) const [with Archive = boost::archive::binary_oarchive; T = arma::Mat<double>]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/oserializer.hpp:101:1: required from ‘class boost::archive::detail::oserializer<boost::archive::binary_oarchive, arma::Mat<double> >’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/oserializer.hpp:253:13: required from ‘static void boost::archive::detail::save_non_pointer_type<Archive>::save_standard::invoke(Archive&, const T&) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_oarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/oserializer.hpp:308:28: [ skipping 2 instantiation contexts, use -ftemplate-backtrace-limit=0 to disable ]
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/common_oarchive.hpp:69:40: required from ‘void boost::archive::detail::common_oarchive<Archive>::save_override(T&, int) [with T = const arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_oarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/basic_binary_oarchive.hpp:75:7: required from ‘void boost::archive::basic_binary_oarchive<Archive>::save_override(const T&, int) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_oarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/binary_oarchive_impl.hpp:51:9: required from ‘void boost::archive::binary_oarchive_impl<Archive, Elem, Tr>::save_override(T&, int) [with T = const arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_oarchive; Elem = char; Tr = std::char_traits<char>]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_oarchive.hpp:63:9: required from ‘Archive& boost::archive::detail::interface_oarchive<Archive>::operator<<(T&) [with T = const arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_oarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_oarchive.hpp:71:35: required from ‘Archive& boost::archive::detail::interface_oarchive<Archive>::operator&(T&) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_oarchive]’
arma_boost.cpp:19:6: required from here
/usr/include/boost/serialization/access.hpp:118:9: error: ‘class arma::Mat<double>’ has no member named ‘serialize’
t.serialize(ar, file_version);
^
/usr/include/boost/serialization/access.hpp: In instantiation of ‘static void boost::serialization::access::serialize(Archive&, T&, unsigned int) [with Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; T = arma::Mat<double>]’:
/usr/include/boost/serialization/serialization.hpp:69:69: required from ‘void boost::serialization::serialize(Archive&, T&, unsigned int) [with Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; T = arma::Mat<double>]’
/usr/include/boost/serialization/serialization.hpp:128:27: required from ‘void boost::serialization::serialize_adl(Archive&, T&, unsigned int) [with Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; T = arma::Mat<double>]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/iserializer.hpp:192:5: required from ‘void boost::archive::detail::iserializer<Archive, T>::load_object_data(boost::archive::detail::basic_iarchive&, void*, unsigned int) const [with Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; T = arma::Mat<double>]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/iserializer.hpp:120:1: required from ‘class boost::archive::detail::iserializer<boost::archive::binary_iarchive, arma::Mat<double> >’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/iserializer.hpp:387:13: required from ‘static void boost::archive::detail::load_non_pointer_type<Archive>::load_standard::invoke(Archive&, const T&) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/iserializer.hpp:439:28: [ skipping 2 instantiation contexts, use -ftemplate-backtrace-limit=0 to disable ]
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/common_iarchive.hpp:66:40: required from ‘void boost::archive::detail::common_iarchive<Archive>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/basic_binary_iarchive.hpp:70:7: required from ‘void boost::archive::basic_binary_iarchive<Archive>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/binary_iarchive_impl.hpp:50:9: required from ‘void boost::archive::binary_iarchive_impl<Archive, Elem, Tr>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; Elem = char; Tr = std::char_traits<char>]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_iarchive.hpp:60:9: required from ‘Archive& boost::archive::detail::interface_iarchive<Archive>::operator>>(T&) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_iarchive.hpp:67:32: required from ‘Archive& boost::archive::detail::interface_iarchive<Archive>::operator&(T&) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
arma_boost.cpp:26:6: required from here
/usr/include/boost/serialization/access.hpp:118:9: error: ‘class arma::Mat<double>’ has no member named ‘serialize’
编辑：
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <boost/archive/tmpdir.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp>
#include <armadillo>
namespace boost {
namespace serialization {
template<class Archive>
void serialize(Archive & ar, arma::mat &m, const unsigned int version)
{
ar & m.n_cols;
ar & m.n_rows;
ar & m.n_elem;
}
}
}
int main() {
arma::mat A = arma::randu<arma::mat>(4,5);
std::ofstream outputStream;
outputStream.open("bin.dat");
std::ostringstream oss;
boost::archive::binary_oarchive oa(outputStream);
oa & A;
outputStream.close();
arma::mat b; //tried also arma::mat b(4,5);
std::ifstream inputStream;
inputStream.open("bin.dat", std::ifstream::in);
boost::archive::binary_iarchive ia(inputStream);
ia & b;
return 0;
}
这些是我收到的错误：
In file included from /usr/include/boost/archive/basic_text_oprimitive.hpp:34:0,
from /usr/include/boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp:30,
from arma_boost.cpp:3:
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/check.hpp: In instantiation of ‘void boost::archive::detail::check_const_loading() [with T = const unsigned int]’:
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/iserializer.hpp:577:38: required from ‘void boost::archive::load(Archive&, T&) [with Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; T = const unsigned int]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/common_iarchive.hpp:66:40: required from ‘void boost::archive::detail::common_iarchive<Archive>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = const unsigned int; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/basic_binary_iarchive.hpp:70:7: required from ‘void boost::archive::basic_binary_iarchive<Archive>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = const unsigned int; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/binary_iarchive_impl.hpp:50:9: required from ‘void boost::archive::binary_iarchive_impl<Archive, Elem, Tr>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = const unsigned int; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; Elem = char; Tr = std::char_traits<char>]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_iarchive.hpp:60:9: required from ‘Archive& boost::archive::detail::interface_iarchive<Archive>::operator>>(T&) [with T = const unsigned int; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_iarchive.hpp:67:32: [ skipping 8 instantiation contexts, use -ftemplate-backtrace-limit=0 to disable ]
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/common_iarchive.hpp:66:40: required from ‘void boost::archive::detail::common_iarchive<Archive>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/basic_binary_iarchive.hpp:70:7: required from ‘void boost::archive::basic_binary_iarchive<Archive>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/binary_iarchive_impl.hpp:50:9: required from ‘void boost::archive::binary_iarchive_impl<Archive, Elem, Tr>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; Elem = char; Tr = std::char_traits<char>]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_iarchive.hpp:60:9: required from ‘Archive& boost::archive::detail::interface_iarchive<Archive>::operator>>(T&) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_iarchive.hpp:67:32: required from ‘Archive& boost::archive::detail::interface_iarchive<Archive>::operator&(T&) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
arma_boost.cpp:54:8: required from here
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/check.hpp:162:5: error: static assertion failed: typex::value
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(typex::value);
^
In file included from /usr/include/boost/archive/binary_iarchive_impl.hpp:21:0,
from /usr/include/boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp:20,
from arma_boost.cpp:11:
/usr/include/boost/archive/basic_binary_iprimitive.hpp: In instantiation of ‘void boost::archive::basic_binary_iprimitive<Archive, Elem, Tr>::load(T&) [with T = const unsigned int; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; Elem = char; Tr = std::char_traits<char>]’:
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/iserializer.hpp:107:9: required from ‘static void boost::archive::load_access::load_primitive(Archive&, T&) [with Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; T = const unsigned int]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/iserializer.hpp:362:46: required from ‘static void boost::archive::detail::load_non_pointer_type<Archive>::load_primitive::invoke(Archive&, T&) [with T = const unsigned int; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/iserializer.hpp:439:28: required from ‘static void boost::archive::detail::load_non_pointer_type<Archive>::invoke(Archive&, T&) [with T = const unsigned int; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/iserializer.hpp:592:24: required from ‘void boost::archive::load(Archive&, T&) [with Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; T = const unsigned int]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/common_iarchive.hpp:66:40: required from ‘void boost::archive::detail::common_iarchive<Archive>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = const unsigned int; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/basic_binary_iarchive.hpp:70:7: [ skipping 11 instantiation contexts, use -ftemplate-backtrace-limit=0 to disable ]
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/common_iarchive.hpp:66:40: required from ‘void boost::archive::detail::common_iarchive<Archive>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/basic_binary_iarchive.hpp:70:7: required from ‘void boost::archive::basic_binary_iarchive<Archive>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/binary_iarchive_impl.hpp:50:9: required from ‘void boost::archive::binary_iarchive_impl<Archive, Elem, Tr>::load_override(T&, int) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; Elem = char; Tr = std::char_traits<char>]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_iarchive.hpp:60:9: required from ‘Archive& boost::archive::detail::interface_iarchive<Archive>::operator>>(T&) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_iarchive.hpp:67:32: required from ‘Archive& boost::archive::detail::interface_iarchive<Archive>::operator&(T&) [with T = arma::Mat<double>; Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive]’
arma_boost.cpp:54:8: required from here
/usr/include/boost/archive/basic_binary_iprimitive.hpp:88:35: error: invalid conversion from ‘const void*’ to ‘void*’ [-fpermissive]
load_binary(& t, sizeof(T));
^
/usr/include/boost/archive/basic_binary_iprimitive.hpp:149:1: note: initializing argument 1 of ‘void boost::archive::basic_binary_iprimitive<Archive, Elem, Tr>::load_binary(void*, std::size_t) [with Archive = boost::archive::binary_iarchive; Elem = char; Tr = std::char_traits<char>; std::size_t = long unsigned int]’
basic_binary_iprimitive<Archive, Elem, Tr>::load_binary(
^
Armadillo提供了一种将其类型保存到HDF5文件的方法，该文件效果很好，可能对您来说已经足够。
[Armadillo不支持提升序列化。从boost serialization tutorial我们可以看到一个类必须具有serialize方法才能通过boost进行序列化。 Armadillo没有这种方法，这就是您得到的错误。
或者，boost还允许使用一种非介入方式来使类与之配合使用，这涉及实现serialize自由函数。由于您需要的只是矩阵中的元素及其尺寸，应该在提升serialization tutorial之后易于实现。