ggplots2 中的自定义小刻度

Question

我正在尝试向某些图表的 y 轴添加 自定义小刻度，但我不知道如何操作。

考虑每个变量的最小值和最大值，如果 y 轴的两个连续值之间的差为 1，则不绘制任何内容。如果差异 es > 2，则分别画一个小刻度 (mt)（例如：32、mt、34、mt、36.. 或，例如 30、mt、mt、mt、mt、35）。

我写了以下函数

# Definir las marcas menores para el eje y
minor_breaks <- function(data) {
   min_val <- min(data)
   max_val <- max(data)
   breaks <- seq(min_val, max_val, by = 1)
   if (length(breaks) > 2) {
      breaks <- breaks[seq(1, length(breaks), by = 2)]
   }
   return(breaks)
}

我的数据框的可重现示例

stackoverflow <- structure(list(fecha = c(1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 
1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 
2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 
2018, 2019, 2020, 2021), `Trachinus draco` = c(26, 25, 25, 24, 
26, 26, 27, 28, 28, 27, 27, 26, 25, 27, 26, 26, 26, 26, 27, 29, 
27, 26, 26, 27, 25, 26, 27, 27, 27, 26, 27, 28), `Trachurus trachurus` = c(32, 
35, 34, 31, 20, 32, 31, 33, 32, 31, 31, 30, 33, 31, 29, 29, 31, 
30, 26, 25, 31, 29, 14, 20, 25, 25, 26, 28, 23, 22, 25, 32), 
    `Chelidonichthys lucerna` = c(44, 41, 38, 39, 53, 64, 39, 
    46, 61, 47, 46, 37, 37, 39, 39, 37, 44, 52, 45, 40, 68, 44, 
    38, 42, 49, 41, 46, 47, 57, 49, 63, 61), `Trisopterus luscus` = c(34, 
    29, 27, 35, 27, 28, 30, 29, 27, 22, 28, 28, 28, 29, 30, 28, 
    30, 30, 27, 33, 28, 29, 27, 27, 32, 16, 29, 30, 31, 27, 29, 
    30), `Trisopterus minutus` = c(22, 12, 18, 20, 20, 18, 19, 
    22, 20, 20, 20, 20, 21, 20, 17, 20, 21, 22, 19, 11, 18, 22, 
    22, 21, 21, 19, 19, 21, 22, 19, 22, 23), `Zeus faber` = c(44, 
    54, 54, 41, 51, 45, 50, 33, 42, 50, 50, 50, 49, 53, 53, 53, 
    51, 53, 47, 47, 46, 41, 33, 46, 48, 47, 43, 44, 54, 48, 47, 
    48), `Buglossidium luteum` = c(11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 12, 
    12, 12, 13, 13, 13, 12, 13, 13, 13, 13, 13, 12, 12, 13, 12, 
    12, 13, 13, 12, 12, 12, 12, 11, 11, 11), `Lesueurigobius friesii` = c(7, 
    7, 7, 8, 7, 8, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 
    7, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 6, 7, 7, 7, 6), `Serranus cabrilla` = c(21, 
    20, 20, 22, 23, 16, 17, 24, 21, 20, 22, 23, 22, 23, 25, 24, 
    23, 22, 25, 23, 22, 22, 21, 21, 22, 24, 21, 22, 22, 22, 23, 
    22)), row.names = c(NA, -32L), class = "data.frame")

这是我用来尝试获取数字的代码。 scale_y_continuos 未按预期工作

spp <- colnames(stackoverflow[, -1])

# Crear gráficas
for (i in 1:length(spp)) {
   
   p <- ggplot(stackoverflow, aes(x = fecha, y = stackoverflow[, i + 1])) + #evitamos con +1 el año
      geom_point(shape = 23, fill = "darkgreen", color = "black", size = 1.4) +
      geom_line(color = "grey11", linetype = "dashed") +
      geom_smooth(method = "lm", se = FALSE, color = color, show.legend = TRUE) +
      theme_bw() +
      labs(title = spp[i], 
           x = "Año",
           y = "P95 (cm)",
           face = "bold") +
      theme(plot.title = element_text(face = "italic", hjust = 0.5)) + 
      scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(1990, 2021, by = 1),
                         labels = c(1990, rep("", 4), 1995, rep("", 4), 2000,
                                    rep("", 4), 2005, rep("", 4), 2010, 
                                    rep("", 4), 2015, rep("", 4), 2020,
                                    rep("", 1)))
   p <- p + scale_y_continuous(minor_breaks = minor_breaks())
     print(p)
}    

我们非常欢迎任何帮助。

谢谢。问候

Answer 1

最好将当前循环的输出存储为列表，而不是打印每次迭代。这使您可以自由地单独打印或操作每个图。将不同列传递给

aes

的推荐方法是使用

.data

代词而不是原始数据框的子集。

除此之外，您的

minor_breaks

函数在这里不起作用，因为它应该根据您未传递的

data

参数输出一系列数值。传递适当值的结果如下所示：

library(ggplot2)
library(patchwork)

plots <- lapply(colnames(stackoverflow[, -1]), function(sp) {
  
  ggplot(stackoverflow, aes(x = fecha, y = .data[[sp]])) +
      geom_point(shape = 23, fill = "darkgreen", color = "black", size = 1.4) +
      geom_line(color = "grey11", linetype = "dashed") +
      geom_smooth(method = "lm", se = FALSE, color = 'black', 
                  show.legend = TRUE) +
      theme_bw() +
      labs(title = sp, x = "Año", y = "P95 (cm)", face = "bold") +
      theme(plot.title = element_text(face = "italic", hjust = 0.5)) + 
      scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(1990, 2021, by = 1),
                         labels = c(1990, rep("", 4), 1995, rep("", 4), 2000,
                                    rep("", 4), 2005, rep("", 4), 2010, 
                                    rep("", 4), 2015, rep("", 4), 2020,
                                    rep("", 1))) + 
      scale_y_continuous(minor_breaks = minor_breaks(stackoverflow[[sp]]))
})

wrap_plots(plots, ncol = 3, nrow = 3)