如何使用带有prometheus的blackbox_exporter ping目标

Question

我正在尝试使用带有prometheus的blackbox_exporter来ping目标列表，但我似乎只能探测blackbox_exporters而不是我要检查的实际目标。

我在blackbox中找不到列出目标列表的任何文档应该列出所以我做了一个奇怪的假设，它使用了prometheus配置中提供的目标，但据我所知，只是让prometheus相信有很多黑盒子到探测。

这是我的blackbox_exporter配置

 modules:
  icmp:
    prober: icmp
    timeout: 5s
    icmp:
      preferred_ip_protocol: ip4

但是，当我访问黑盒子的Web GUI时，配置包含一堆我没有指定的参数。

modules:
  icmp:
    prober: icmp
    timeout: 5s
    http:
      ip_protocol_fallback: true
    tcp:
      ip_protocol_fallback: true
    icmp:
      preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
      ip_protocol_fallback: true
    dns:
      ip_protocol_fallback: true

这是我的prometheus配置

global:
  scrape_interval:     15s
  evaluation_interval: 15s

  - job_name: 'blackbox'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [icmp]
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - icmp-target1 # supposed to be a switch, router, pc or anything that responds to ping
        - icmp-target2

预期的结果：在旅程的某个地方，我预计我的目标会被黑盒子和普罗米修斯收集结果。

实际结果：Prometheus通过HTTP为其目标列表中列出的每个目标发送探测请求。

Answer 1

虽然有点令人困惑，但blackbox_exporter README确实解释了如何配置它，请参阅Prometheus Configuration部分。

你的黑盒配置是正确的。

对于Prometheus配置，您需要以下内容。我假设blackbox出口商和Prometheus是共处的（因此localhost），否则适应。

# this is to scrape blackbox itself (this is optional)
- job_name: blackbox
  static_configs:
  - targets: ['localhost:9115']


- job_name: blackbox-ping
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [icmp]
  static_configs:
    - targets:
      - 192.168.1.1   # <== Put here your targets
  relabel_configs:    # <== This comes from the blackbox exporter README
    - source_labels: [__address__]
      target_label: __param_target
    - source_labels: [__param_target]
      target_label: instance
    - target_label: __address__
      replacement: localhost:9115 # Blackbox exporter.

另一个令人困惑的部分是回答这个问题：“如何将blackbox导出器用于多种协议，比如ICMP和HTTP？”在这种情况下，有各种选项，但更清楚的是每个协议有一个部分。这就是我称之为ICMP探针blackbox-ping的原因。假设我们想要也有HTTP探测器，我们会添加另一部分：

- job_name: blackbox-http
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [http_2xx]
  static_configs:
    - targets:
      - https://www.google.com  # <== your targets here
  relabel_configs:              # <== This comes from the blackbox exporter README
    - source_labels: [__address__]
      target_label: __param_target
    - source_labels: [__param_target]
      target_label: instance
    - target_label: __address__
      replacement: localhost:9115 # Blackbox exporter.

您还需要相应的黑盒配置：

modules:
  http_2xx:        # <== This is the new section for HTTP
    prober: http
    timeout: 10s   # <== This depends on what you want to do
    http:
      valid_status_codes: []  # Defaults to 2xx
      method: HEAD              # <== This depends on what you want to do
      no_follow_redirects: true # <== this depends on what you want to do
  icmp:                         # <== this is the one you already have
    prober: icmp
    timeout: 10s                # <== This depends on what you want to do
    icmp:
      preferred_ip_protocol: ip4