如何在具有一对一关系的Django Rest Framework中保存模型

Question

我有一个名为BankDetail的Django模型，它与User有一对一的关系。

#BankeDetails
class BankDetail(models.Model):
    account_holder_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    account_number = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True)
    iban = models.CharField("IBAN", max_length=34, blank=True, null=True)
    bank_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    bank_address = models.CharField(max_length=500)
    swift_bic_code = models.CharField(max_length=11)
    user = models.OneToOneField(MyUser,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    accepting_fiat_currency = models.OneToOneField(AcceptedFiatCurrency)
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True,null=True)
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)

序列化器如下所示：

class BankDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    """Serializer for BankDetails"""
    class Meta:
        model = BankDetail
        fields = "__all__"

    def validate(self, data):
        if data['account_number'] or data['iban']:
            raise serializers.ValidationError("Please fill Account Number or IBAN")
        return data

请求有效负载：

{
    "account_holder_name":"Aladin",
    "account_number":"1239893",
    "bank_name":"Aladin Bank",
    "bank_address":"Republic of Wadia",
    "swift_bic_code":"1",
    "user_id":"1",
    "accepting_fiat_currency_id":"1"
}

现在当我试图从我的视图中保存模型时，我收到以下错误：

{
    "user": [
        "This field is required."
    ],
    "accepting_fiat_currency": [
        "This field is required."
    ]
}

如何传递这些对象的引用，是否需要使用ID从数据库中手动检索它们？

Answer 1

AFAIR您应该在序列化程序中定义相关的模型字段。并且不要使用__all__而不是显式写入所有字段。这是我的推荐:)

您应该在以下问题中找到答案：

Post from StackOverflow

That helped me last week

DRF documentation about Serializer relations

Answer 2

一种解决方案是使用不同的序列化程序在数据库中创建/检索数据。

你的序列化器应该是这样的 -

class BankDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""Serializer for BankDetails"""
    class Meta:
        model = BankDetail
        exclude = ('user', 'accepting_fiat_currency', ) # Note we have excluded the related fields

    def validate(self, data):
        if data['account_number'] or data['iban']:
            raise serializers.ValidationError("Please fill Account Number or IBAN")
        return data 

然后保存序列化器时传递上面两个排除的字段。喜欢 -

serializer = BankDetailSerializer(data=request.data)
if serializer.is_valid():
    serializer.save(user=request.user, accepting_fiat_currency=<AcceptedFiatCurrency-object>)

如果您在DRF中使用Generic Views，那么我建议您查看perform_create方法。