Pydantic.BaseModel.model_dump() 通过 AttributeError

Question

我正在尝试使用

Pydantic.BaseModel.model_dump()

但当我调用它时

AttributeError: type object 'BaseModel' has no attribute 'model_dump'

会加注。还尝试实例化

BaseModel

类。问题是 vscode 提示工具将其显示为可用的方法，当我使用

Pydantic.BaseModel.dict()

时，它会警告我应该使用

model_dump()

。

我正在使用Python 3.10.4

> pip freeze
annotated-types==0.6.0
anyio==3.7.1
exceptiongroup==1.1.3
fastapi==0.103.2
idna==3.4
pydantic==2.4.2
pydantic_core==2.10.1
sniffio==1.3.0
starlette==0.27.0

真正奇怪的是，当我在

pydantic.__version__

Web api 中执行

FastApi

时，它返回 v.1.10.2。这是怎么回事？

编辑：

from typing import Optional
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.params import Body
from pydantic import BaseModel
import pydantic

app = FastAPI()

class Post(BaseModel):
    title: str
    content: str
    published: bool = True # default value
    rating: Optional[int] = None

@app.post("/createpost")
def create_posts(new_post: Post):
    print('>>>>', pydantic.__version__)
    print(pydantic.BaseModel.model_dump()) # => raises the error
    # print(new_post.model_dump()) # => raises the error
    return {"data": "new_post"}

(fastapi-course) ➜  fastapi-course uvicorn main:app --reload                        
INFO:     Will watch for changes in these directories: ['/home/juanc/Documents/fastapi-course']
INFO:     Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
INFO:     Started reloader process [76395] using WatchFiles
INFO:     Started server process [76397]
INFO:     Waiting for application startup.
INFO:     Application startup complete.
'>>>>' 1.10.2 
INFO:     127.0.0.1:40264 - "POST /createpost HTTP/1.1" 500 Internal Server Error
ERROR:    Exception in ASGI application
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/uvicorn/protocols/http/httptools_impl.py", line 404, in run_asgi
    result = await app(  # type: ignore[func-returns-value]
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/uvicorn/middleware/proxy_headers.py", line 78, in __call__
    return await self.app(scope, receive, send)
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/fastapi/applications.py", line 270, in __call__
    await super().__call__(scope, receive, send)
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/starlette/applications.py", line 124, in __call__
    await self.middleware_stack(scope, receive, send)
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/starlette/middleware/errors.py", line 184, in __call__
    raise exc
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/starlette/middleware/errors.py", line 162, in __call__
    await self.app(scope, receive, _send)
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/starlette/middleware/exceptions.py", line 75, in __call__
    raise exc
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/starlette/middleware/exceptions.py", line 64, in __call__
    await self.app(scope, receive, sender)
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/fastapi/middleware/asyncexitstack.py", line 21, in __call__
    raise e
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/fastapi/middleware/asyncexitstack.py", line 18, in __call__
    await self.app(scope, receive, send)
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/starlette/routing.py", line 680, in __call__
    await route.handle(scope, receive, send)
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/starlette/routing.py", line 275, in handle
    await self.app(scope, receive, send)
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/starlette/routing.py", line 65, in app
    response = await func(request)
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/fastapi/routing.py", line 231, in app
    raw_response = await run_endpoint_function(
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/fastapi/routing.py", line 162, in run_endpoint_function
    return await run_in_threadpool(dependant.call, **values)
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/starlette/concurrency.py", line 41, in run_in_threadpool
    return await anyio.to_thread.run_sync(func, *args)
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/anyio/to_thread.py", line 28, in run_sync
    return await get_asynclib().run_sync_in_worker_thread(func, *args, cancellable=cancellable,
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py", line 818, in run_sync_in_worker_thread
    return await future
  File "/home/juanc/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/anyio/_backends/_asyncio.py", line 754, in run
    result = context.run(func, *args)
  File "/home/juanc/Documents/fastapi-course/./main.py", line 26, in create_posts
    print(pydantic.BaseModel.model_dump())
AttributeError: type object 'BaseModel' has no attribute 'model_dump'

Answer 1

您可能安装了两个版本的

pydantic

，因此运行

conda list

和

pip list

来检查pydantic版本。

这是怎么发生的？
我通过 pip 安装

pydantic==2.5.3

时遇到同样的错误，但是当我打印

pydantic.__version__

时，它显示

1.10.13

。所以我猜有些软件包可能需要

pydantic==1.10.13

，并且它被自动安装了。

如何解决？
运行

pip unintall pydantic

TWICE，然后运行

pip install -U pydantic

。
最后，让我们打印

pydantic.__version__

，现在我们得到了正确版本的pydantic。