如何通过反射执行带有可选参数的私有静态方法?

问题描述 投票:10回答:3

我有一个带有带有可选参数的私有静态方法的类。如何通过反射从另一个类调用它?有一个类似的question,但它没有解决静态方法或可选参数。

public class Foo {
    private static void Bar(string key = "") {
       // do stuff
    }
}

如何调用Foo.Bar("test")Foo.Bar()(例如,不传递可选参数)?

c# reflection c#-4.0 .net-4.0 optional-parameters
3个回答
24
投票

C#中的可选参数值是通过在调用站点上注入这些值来编译的。即即使您的代码是

Foo.Bar()

编译器实际上会生成一个调用,例如

Foo.Bar("")

找到方法时,您需要将可选参数视为常规参数。

var method = typeof(Foo).GetMethod("Bar", BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.NonPublic);

如果您确切知道要使用什么值来调用该方法,可以执行以下操作:

method.Invoke(obj: null, parameters: new object[] { "Test" });

如果只有一些参数,并且想使用默认参数的值,则必须检查方法的ParameterInfo对象,以查看参数是否可选以及这些参数是什么。例如,要输出这些参数的默认值,可以使用以下代码:

ParameterInfo

2
投票

使用本课程

foreach (ParameterInfo pi in method.GetParameters())
{
    if (pi.IsOptional)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(pi.Name + ": " + pi.DefaultValue);
    }
}

您可以使用以下代码使用默认值进行调用

  public class Foo
  {
    private static void Bar(string key = "undefined key", string value = "undefined value")
    {
      Console.WriteLine(string.Format("The key is '{0}'", key));
      Console.WriteLine(string.Format("The value is '{0}'", value));
    }
  }

如果该方法具有一些非可选参数,则必须在调用该方法之前将它们插入parameters数组。

例如

  MethodInfo mi = typeof(Foo).GetMethod("Bar", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static);
  ParameterInfo[] pis = mi.GetParameters();

  object[] parameters = new object[pis.Length];

  for (int i = 0; i < pis.Length; i++)
  {
    if (pis[i].IsOptional)
    {
      parameters[i] = pis[i].DefaultValue;
    }
  }

  mi.Invoke(null, parameters);

会要求您做

private static void Bar(int number, string key = "undefined key", string value = "undefined")

调用前


1
投票

我为单元测试写的东西:

parameters[0] = "23"

然后像这样调用它以调用私有静态函数:

    /// <summary>
    /// Attempts to execute a function and provide the result value against the provided source object even if it is private and/or static. Just make sure to provide the correct BindingFlags to correctly identify the function.
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="TReturn">The expected return type of the private method.</typeparam>
    /// <param name="type">The object's Type that contains the private method.</param>
    /// <param name="source">The object that contains the function to invoke. If looking for a static function, you can provide "null".</param>
    /// <param name="methodName">The name of the private method to run.</param>
    /// <param name="flags">Binding flags used to search for the function. Example: (BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static) finds a private static method.</param>
    /// <param name="output">The invoked function's return value.</param>
    /// <param name="methodArgs">The arguments to pass into the private method.</param>
    /// <returns>Returns true if function was found and invoked. False if function was not found.</returns>
    private static bool TryInvokeMethod<TReturn>(Type type, object source, string methodName, BindingFlags flags, out TReturn output, params object[] methodArgs)
    {
        var method = type.GetMethod(methodName, flags);
        if(method != null)
        {
            output = (TReturn)method.Invoke(source, methodArgs);
            return true;
        }

        // Perform some recursion to walk the inheritance. 
        if(type.BaseType != null)
        {
            return TryInvokeMethod(type.BaseType, source, methodName, flags, out output, methodArgs);
        }

        output = default(TReturn);
        return false;
    }

免责声明:我仅将其用于具有返回值的函数。尝试执行没有返回值的方法将引发异常。

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