不确定错误从Link构建Flex和Bison编译器

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

我试图从http://gnuu.org/2009/09/18/writing-your-own-toy-compiler编译，并一直有一些问题。 https://github.com/lsegal/my_toy_compiler

使用随附的make文件时获取错误

C:\New Compile\my_toy_compiler-master\my_toy_compiler-master>make
bison -d -o parser.cpp parser.y
parser.y: warning: 48 shift/reduce conflicts [-Wconflicts-sr]
g++ -c `llvm-config --cppflags` -std=c++11 -o parser.o parser.cpp
g++ -c `llvm-config --cppflags` -std=c++11 -o codegen.o codegen.cpp
g++ -c `llvm-config --cppflags` -std=c++11 -o main.o main.cpp
flex -o tokens.cpp tokens.l parser.hpp
g++ -c `llvm-config --cppflags` -std=c++11 -o tokens.o tokens.cpp
tokens.cpp: In function 'void yy_init_buffer(YY_BUFFER_STATE, FILE*)':
tokens.cpp:1464:48: error: 'fileno' was not declared in this scope

                                                ^
tokens.cpp:1464:48: note: suggested alternative: 'file'

                                                ^
                                                file
make: *** [Makefile:27: tokens.o] Error 1

我查看了词法分析器生成的文件并复制了该方法，

    static void yy_init_buffer  (YY_BUFFER_STATE  b, FILE * file )

{
    int oerrno = errno;

    yy_flush_buffer( b );

    b->yy_input_file = file;
    b->yy_fill_buffer = 1;

    /* If b is the current buffer, then yy_init_buffer was _probably_
     * called from yyrestart() or through yy_get_next_buffer.
     * In that case, we don't want to reset the lineno or column.
     */
    if (b != YY_CURRENT_BUFFER){
        b->yy_bs_lineno = 1;
        b->yy_bs_column = 0;
    }

        b->yy_is_interactive = file ? (isatty( fileno(file) ) > 0) : 0;

    errno = oerrno;
}

并且使用博客中给出的常规方法，我得到了大量的错误。

C:\New Compile\my_toy_compiler-master\my_toy_compiler-master>g++ -o parser parser.cpp tokens.cpp main.cpp
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc6vUDwi.o:parser.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZTV20NFunctionDeclaration[.refptr._ZTV20NFunctionDeclaration]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for NFunctionDeclaration'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc6vUDwi.o:parser.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZTV18NExternDeclaration[.refptr._ZTV18NExternDeclaration]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for NExternDeclaration'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc6vUDwi.o:parser.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZTV20NVariableDeclaration[.refptr._ZTV20NVariableDeclaration]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for NVariableDeclaration'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc6vUDwi.o:parser.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZTV16NReturnStatement[.refptr._ZTV16NReturnStatement]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for NReturnStatement'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc6vUDwi.o:parser.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZTV20NExpressionStatement[.refptr._ZTV20NExpressionStatement]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for NExpressionStatement'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc6vUDwi.o:parser.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZTV6NBlock[.refptr._ZTV6NBlock]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for NBlock'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc6vUDwi.o:parser.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZTV11NAssignment[.refptr._ZTV11NAssignment]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for NAssignment'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc6vUDwi.o:parser.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZTV15NBinaryOperator[.refptr._ZTV15NBinaryOperator]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for NBinaryOperator'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc6vUDwi.o:parser.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZTV11NMethodCall[.refptr._ZTV11NMethodCall]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for NMethodCall'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc6vUDwi.o:parser.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZTV11NIdentifier[.refptr._ZTV11NIdentifier]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for NIdentifier'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc6vUDwi.o:parser.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZTV7NDouble[.refptr._ZTV7NDouble]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for NDouble'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc6vUDwi.o:parser.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZTV8NInteger[.refptr._ZTV8NInteger]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for NInteger'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x24): undefined reference to `LLVMLinkInMCJIT'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x24): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `LLVMLinkInMCJIT'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x9e): undefined reference to `createCoreFunctions(CodeGenContext&)'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x9e): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `createCoreFunctions(CodeGenContext&)'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text+0xb4): undefined reference to `CodeGenContext::generateCode(NBlock&)'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text+0xb4): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `CodeGenContext::generateCode(NBlock&)'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text+0xc3): undefined reference to `CodeGenContext::runCode()'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text+0xc3): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `CodeGenContext::runCode()'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x16e): undefined reference to `llvm::LLVMContext::LLVMContext()'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x16e): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `llvm::LLVMContext::LLVMContext()'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN4llvm22InitializeNativeTargetEv[_ZN4llvm22InitializeNativeTargetEv]+0x9): undefined reference to `LLVMInitializeX86TargetInfo'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN4llvm22InitializeNativeTargetEv[_ZN4llvm22InitializeNativeTargetEv]+0x9): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `LLVMInitializeX86TargetInfo'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN4llvm22InitializeNativeTargetEv[_ZN4llvm22InitializeNativeTargetEv]+0xe): undefined reference to `LLVMInitializeX86Target'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN4llvm22InitializeNativeTargetEv[_ZN4llvm22InitializeNativeTargetEv]+0xe): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `LLVMInitializeX86Target'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN4llvm22InitializeNativeTargetEv[_ZN4llvm22InitializeNativeTargetEv]+0x13): undefined reference to `LLVMInitializeX86TargetMC'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN4llvm22InitializeNativeTargetEv[_ZN4llvm22InitializeNativeTargetEv]+0x13): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `LLVMInitializeX86TargetMC'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN4llvm32InitializeNativeTargetAsmPrinterEv[_ZN4llvm32InitializeNativeTargetAsmPrinterEv]+0x9): undefined reference to `LLVMInitializeX86AsmPrinter'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN4llvm32InitializeNativeTargetAsmPrinterEv[_ZN4llvm32InitializeNativeTargetAsmPrinterEv]+0x9): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `LLVMInitializeX86AsmPrinter'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN4llvm31InitializeNativeTargetAsmParserEv[_ZN4llvm31InitializeNativeTargetAsmParserEv]+0x9): undefined reference to `LLVMInitializeX86AsmParser'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN4llvm31InitializeNativeTargetAsmParserEv[_ZN4llvm31InitializeNativeTargetAsmParserEv]+0x9): relocation truncated to fit: R_X86_64_PC32 against undefined symbol `LLVMInitializeX86AsmParser'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN14CodeGenContextC1Ev[_ZN14CodeGenContextC1Ev]+0x73): undefined reference to `llvm::Module::Module(llvm::StringRef, llvm::LLVMContext&)'
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.text$_ZN14CodeGenContextC1Ev[_ZN14CodeGenContextC1Ev]+0x73): additional relocation overflows omitted from the output
/cygdrive/c/Users/Joey/AppData/Local/Temp/cc4uUJR7.o:main.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZN4llvm11LLVMContextD1Ev[.refptr._ZN4llvm11LLVMContextD1Ev]+0x0): undefined reference to `llvm::LLVMContext::~LLVMContext()'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

C:\New Compile\my_toy_compiler-master\my_toy_compiler-master>g++ -o parser `llvm-config --libs core jit native --cxxflags --ldflags` *.cpp
g++: error: `llvm-config: No such file or directory
g++: error: core: No such file or directory
g++: error: jit: No such file or directory
g++: error: native: No such file or directory
g++: error: unrecognized command line option '--libs'
g++: error: unrecognized command line option '--cxxflags'
g++: error: unrecognized command line option '--ldflags`'

C:\New Compile\my_toy_compiler-master\my_toy_compiler-master>

我不确定接下来会采取什么步骤，因为我玩了Cygwin和不同的包。起初我想也许这个版本就像Github声称它只支持llvm高达4.0，所以我回溯并安装了4.0，但仍然带有同样的问题。

compiler-construction llvm bison flex-lexer
1个回答
2
投票

Flex可以生成三种词法分析器：

  • 互动
  • 非交互式（“批量”）
  • 有时是交互式的（默认）。

非交互式词法分析器是最有效的;他们一次读取输入缓冲区。这对于解析文件非常有用，但是解析控制台输入很烦人，特别是当意图响应每个键入的行时。交互式词法分析器通过一次读取一个输入字符来避免此问题，以便尽快报告令牌。但对于具有大型令牌的输入而言，这可能是低效的。

默认词法分析器测试其输入是否为控制台，并使用该信息在交互式和非交互式缓冲区处理之间进行选择。此策略的唯一问题是标准C库不提供任何方式来判断输入流是否为控制台。 Unix（类似）系统确实具有回答该问题的功能，但它不适用于标准C FILE*流;它需要底层的“文件号”。 fileno函数从FILE*中提取基础文件编号，但它显然不是标准的C函数。

因此，如果您有默认词法分析器，则需要调用fileno。但是，除非您使用fileno功能测试宏，否则#define不会在任何标准标头中声明。但是你必须在C程序的开头定义这些宏，这在自动生成C程序时很难做到。最简单的解决方案是使用-D选项在编译器命令行上添加宏定义：

g++ -c `llvm-config --cppflags` -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE -std=c++11 -o tokens.o tokens.cpp

这只是您可以使用的一个可能的宏;我在这里选择它是因为它是man fileno中的那个，但我通常使用-D_XOPEN_SOURCE=700，它请求更新的Posix版本的接口。另一种可能性是_GNU_SOURCE，它可以很好地包含Gnu标题，包括Gnu特定的扩展函数。

在我的（linux）系统上，llvm-config --cppflags包含-D_GNU_SOURCE，但这并不重要，因为g ++和clang ++的当前版本自动为C ++目标定义_GNU_SOURCE。显然，Cygwin的情况并非如此。例如，见：

两者都建议将-std=c++11改为-std=gnu++11。

另一种方法是通过使用flex命令行选项请求非交互式词法分析器来解决问题：

flex --batch -o tokens.cpp tokens.l parser.hpp

或者通过添加

%option batch

到你的flex输入文件。见the flex manual

（显然，如果您正在编写交互式计算器，请不要请求批量词法分析器。在这种情况下，您可能希望请求始终具有交互性的词法分析器。）

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