计算机科学一年级学生，正在为我当前的班级做一个项目，其中涉及格式化字符输出。我以前做过，无论我怎么看，我都无法弄清楚我在这里做错了什么。第一个输出行和外部 for 循环的迭代正确地格式化了它。此后的每次迭代都格式错误。我可能在这里遗漏了一些明显的东西，但我看不到它。 代码：
//Loop output in given format
//students[i].name right/width 30, students[i].studentID right/width 15, *(students.testScores + j) right/width 5
for (int i = 0; i < numStudents; ++i)
{
cout << right <<
setw(30) << students[i].name <<
setw(15) << students[i].studentID;
//Iterate students[i].numTests amount of times for *(students[i].testScores + j)
for (int j = 0; j < students[i].numTests; ++j)
{
cout << right << setw(5) << *(students[i].testScores + j);
}
//End on a newline
cout << endl;
}
输出：
Smith,John Stevens 12456214 99 98 96 92 91
Johnson,Chris 11058975 84 83 78 91
abcd,abcd 11114444 100 100 100 98
Stromberg,Noah 121678 25 50 75 100
Hutch,Maya 8098121 90 80 70 60 50
输出的第一行再次反映了它应该如何格式化。感谢任何帮助。
我注意到问题很可能出现在开头或结尾，因为格式不正确的行由于宽度和对齐方式错误而不正确。
这是我的标题：
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <string>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
//Initialize Global Variables
int TESTS = 5;
enum MENU{Add = 1, Remove = 2, Display = 3, Search = 4, Results = 5, Quit = 6};
struct Student{
string name;
int studentID;
int numTests;
int *testScores = new int[TESTS]; //Access with *(<variableName>.testScores + i)
int avgScore;
};
//Initialize filestreams
ifstream inFS;
ofstream outFS;
string FILENAME = "student.dat"; //used to save time and brain power
这是整个display()函数：
void display()
{
//Initial variable declaration
int numStudents = getNumber();
Student *students = new Student[numStudents];
string firstName, lastName, numHold;
//Open ifstream student.dat & check for errors
inFS.open(FILENAME);
if (!inFS.is_open())
{
cout << "Error opening " << FILENAME << " Aborting." << endl;
//Delete heap space & Exit the function
delete[] students;
return;
}
//Iterate getNumber() times
for (int i = 0; i < numStudents; i++)
{
//Get student[i].firstName and lastName
getline(inFS, lastName, ',');
getline(inFS, firstName, ',');
students[i].name = lastName + "," + firstName;
//Get students[i].studentID
getline(inFS, numHold, ',');
students[i].studentID = stoi(numHold);
//Get students[i].numTests
getline(inFS, numHold, ',');
students[i].numTests = stoi(numHold);
//Get students[i].numTests amount of testScores
for (int j = 0; j < students[i].numTests; ++j)
{
getline(inFS, numHold, ',');
*(students[i].testScores + j) = stoi(numHold);
}
}
//Close inFS
inFS.close();
//Loop output in given format
//students[i].name right/width 30, students[i].studentID right/width 15, *(students.testScores + j) right/width 5
for (int i = 0; i < numStudents; ++i)
{
cout <<
right << setw(30) << students[i].name <<
setw(15) << students[i].studentID;
//Iterate students[i].numTests amount of times for *(students[i].testScores + j)
for (int j = 0; j < students[i].numTests; ++j)
{
cout <<
setw(5) << *(students[i].testScores + j);
}
//End on a newline
cout << endl;
}
//Exit the function
delete[] students;
return;
}
学生.dat：
Smith,John Stevens,12456214,5,99,98,96,92,91,
Johnson,Chris,11058975,4,84,83,78,91,
abcd,abcd,11114444,4,100,100,100,98,
Stromberg,Noah,121518,4,25,50,75,100,
Hutch,Maya,815121,5,90,80,70,60,50,
如何产生BAD输出：
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
struct Student
{
string name;
string studentID;
int numTests;
vector<int> testScores;
};
int main()
{
vector<Student> students;
students.push_back( { "Smith, John Stevens", "12456214", 5, { 99, 98, 96, 92, 91 } } );
students.push_back( { "\nJohnson, Chris", "11058975", 4, { 84, 83, 78, 91 } } );
students.push_back( { "\nabcd,abcd", "11114444", 4, { 100, 100, 100, 98 } } );
students.push_back( { "\nStromberg, Noah", "121678", 4, { 25, 50, 75, 100 } } );
students.push_back( { "\nHutch, Maya", "8098121", 5, { 90, 80, 70, 60, 50 } } );
int numStudents = students.size();
for (int i = 0; i < numStudents; ++i)
{
cout << right << setw(30) << students[i].name
<< setw(15) << students[i].studentID;
for (int j = 0; j < students[i].numTests; ++j)
{
cout << right << setw(5) << students[i].testScores[j];
}
cout << endl;
}
}
产生
Smith, John Stevens 12456214 99 98 96 92 91
Johnson, Chris 11058975 84 83 78 91
abcd,abcd 11114444 100 100 100 98
Stromberg, Noah 121678 25 50 75 100
Hutch, Maya 8098121 90 80 70 60 50
所以你删除了' ' 在学生姓名的开头：
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
struct Student
{
string name;
string studentID;
int numTests;
vector<int> testScores;
};
int main()
{
vector<Student> students;
students.push_back( { "Smith, John Stevens", "12456214", 5, { 99, 98, 96, 92, 91 } } );
students.push_back( { "Johnson, Chris", "11058975", 4, { 84, 83, 78, 91 } } );
students.push_back( { "abcd,abcd", "11114444", 4, { 100, 100, 100, 98 } } );
students.push_back( { "Stromberg, Noah", "121678", 4, { 25, 50, 75, 100 } } );
students.push_back( { "Hutch, Maya", "8098121", 5, { 90, 80, 70, 60, 50 } } );
int numStudents = students.size();
for (int i = 0; i < numStudents; ++i)
{
cout << right << setw(30) << students[i].name
<< setw(15) << students[i].studentID;
for (int j = 0; j < students[i].numTests; ++j)
{
cout << right << setw(5) << students[i].testScores[j];
}
cout << endl;
}
}
你会得到漂亮的输出：
Smith, John Stevens 12456214 99 98 96 92 91
Johnson, Chris 11058975 84 83 78 91
abcd,abcd 11114444 100 100 100 98
Stromberg, Noah 121678 25 50 75 100
Hutch, Maya 8098121 90 80 70 60 50