我正在使用Spring Tool Suite在Spring上开发一个webapp。如果我使用IDE在所提供的Pivotal tc服务器上构建和部署应用程序,它就可以正常工作。但是,如果我执行手动“mvn clean package”构建并尝试将其部署到独立的Tomcat服务器(使用最新的Tomcat 7),则会引发以下异常:
2017-08-23 15:24:13 WARN AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext:551 - Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'requestMappingHandlerAdapter' defined in org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter]: Factory method 'requestMappingHandlerAdapter' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'mvcValidator' defined in org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/el/ELManager
2017-08-23 15:24:13 ERROR DispatcherServlet:502 - Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'requestMappingHandlerAdapter' defined in org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter]: Factory method 'requestMappingHandlerAdapter' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'mvcValidator' defined in org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/el/ELManager
经过进一步检查,它确实抱怨几条线以上没有加载罐子:
sie 23, 2017 3:24:12 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployWAR
INFO: Deploying web application archive D:\Apache-Tomcat-7.0\webapps\TestApp-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war
sie 23, 2017 3:24:12 PM org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader validateJarFile
INFO: validateJarFile(D:\Apache-Tomcat-7.0\webapps\TestApp-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\WEB-INF\lib\el-api-2.2.jar) - jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 2.3, section 9.7.2. Offending class: javax/el/Expression.class
sie 23, 2017 3:24:12 PM org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader validateJarFile
INFO: validateJarFile(D:\Apache-Tomcat-7.0\webapps\TestApp-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\WEB-INF\lib\javax.servlet-api-3.1.0.jar) - jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 2.3, section 9.7.2. Offending class: javax/servlet/Servlet.class
sie 23, 2017 3:24:12 PM org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader validateJarFile
INFO: validateJarFile(D:\Apache-Tomcat-7.0\webapps\TestApp-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT\WEB-INF\lib\tomcat-el-api-8.0.21.jar) - jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 2.3, section 9.7.2. Offending class: javax/el/Expression.class
2017-08-23 15:24:13 INFO ContextLoader:304 - Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started
我们pom.khml:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.exmaple.mvc</groupId>
<artifactId>TestApp</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.6.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>jms</artifactId>
<groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
<groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
<groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mockito/mockito-all -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
<version>1.9.5</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-lang/commons-lang -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate/hibernate-validator -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>6.0.1.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
这种行为的原因是什么?我该如何解决这个问题?
编辑更多信息:
将<scope>provided</scope>
添加到javax.servlet-api
似乎修复了关于javax.servlet-api
一开始没有加载的警告。 el-api
的问题仍然存在。
我已经检查了tomcat / lib目录,它已经包含了el-api.jar
,这可能就是为什么它告诉我它不会加载我在pom.xml中列出的那个。问题是,添加<scope>provided</scope>
也没有解决它。无论我做什么,它仍然抱怨给我相同的java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/el/ELManager
错误。
解
除了上面关于javax.servlet-api
的编辑部分之外,el-api
的问题在于我在2.2版中运行了一个带有el-api
jar的Tomcat 7。缺少的类是在el-api 3.0中引入的。在Tomcat 8中运行相同的webapp(使用el-api 3.0 jar)可以正常运行。
你错过了javax.el-api
作为依赖。加:
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
到你的pom.xml
请参考Hibernate validation "Unable to initialize javax.el.ExpressionFactory" error
使用
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1-b08</version>
</dependency>
就我而言,注释掉这种依赖,
<!-- <dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>6.0.8.Final</version>
</dependency> -->
并补充说
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
这解决了我的问题
将hibernate-validator降级到版本5,它可以在Tomcat 7中正常工作。在我的情况下,我将下一个依赖项添加到我的pom:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.4.3.Final</version>
</dependency>
或者您可以将更新的el-api.jar添加到tomcat lib文件夹中。
请尝试以下方法:
javax.el
and javax.el-api
添加到pom.xml作为其他人mentionClassLoader originalClassLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
try {
Class<?> currentClass = this.getClass(); // or any class that is in a bundle with the dependency
Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(currentClass.getClassLoader());
// execute library call
} finally {
Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(originalClassLoader); // back to original context
}
当库通过> ExpressionFactory
> ELManager.newInstance(..)
实例化FactoryFinder.find(..)
时,它有几种策略来查找实现。这个电话硬编码如下:
public static ExpressionFactory newInstance(Properties properties) {
return (ExpressionFactory) FactoryFinder.find(
"javax.el.ExpressionFactory", "com.sun.el.ExpressionFactoryImpl", properties);
}
有关详细信息,请参阅javax.el.FactoryFinder.find(..)
的来源
由于我的公司官僚主义,我正在使用Tomcat 7.0.9并且无法更改为任何新版本。将EL作为依赖项导入也没有解决它。
在Tomcat的根文件夹 - > lib我用新的3.0(来自本地.m2\repository\javax\el\javax.el-api\3.0.0
)替换旧的el-api(2.2版本)。然后,正确隔离tomcat的依赖项(如here所示)使我的WAR在Tomcat 7.0.9中正确部署
Hibernate验证6.x的 - > 2.0 Bean验证(JSR 380) - > EL3.0
Hibernate验证5.x的 - > Bean验证1.1(JSR 349) - > EL2.2
Bean验证1.0(JSR 303) - >(我不确定)
所以,它也会影响其他版本(tomcat,jdk,jsp,servlet)
比如tomcat7,如果你想使用Hibernate Validator,应该使用Hibernate Validator 5.x,el 2.2(和servlet 3.0,jsp 2.2和jdk 6+)