我正在使用kivy创建应用。现在，我想在智能手机上测试该应用，但无法生成apk。下面的代码在linux（opensuse）中。是否需要安装更多依赖项？我认为该错误位于以下代码的末尾。更有经验的人可以帮助我了解发生了什么吗？
这里，显示给我的消息：
leonardo@linux-eu06://home/leonardo/program> buildozer -v android debug
# Check configuration tokens
# Ensure build layout
# Check configuration tokens
# Preparing build
# Check requirements for android
# Run 'dpkg --version'
# Cwd None
/bin/sh: dpkg: command not found
# Search for Git (git)
# -> found at /usr/lib/git/git
# Search for Cython (cython)
# -> found at /usr/bin/cython
# Search for Java compiler (javac)
# -> found at /usr/lib64/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0/bin/javac
# Search for Java keytool (keytool)
# -> found at /usr/lib64/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0/jre/bin/keytool
# Install platform
# Run 'git config --get remote.origin.url'
# Cwd /home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android
https://github.com/kivy/python-for-android.git
# Run 'git branch -vv'
# Cwd /home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android
* master b1f6064d [origin/master] Release 2019.10.06 (#1998)
# Run '/usr/bin/python3 -m pip install -q --user \'appdirs\' \'colorama>=0.3.3\' \'jinja2\' \'six\' \'enum34; python_version<"3.4"\' \'sh>=1.10; sys_platform!="nt"\' \'pep517<0.7.0"\' \'pytoml\' \'virtualenv\''
...............
return self.__env[name]
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sh.py", line 3226, in __getitem__
raise CommandNotFound(k)
sh.CommandNotFound: patch
# Command failed: /usr/bin/python3 -m pythonforandroid.toolchain create --dist_name=myapp --bootstrap=sdl2 --requirements=python3,kivy --arch armeabi-v7a --copy-libs --color=always --storage-dir="/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a" --ndk-api=21
# ENVIRONMENT:
# GS_LIB = '/home/leonardo/.fonts'
# KDE_FULL_SESSION = 'true'
# LS_COLORS = 'no=00:fi=00:di=01;34:ln=00;36:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=41;33;01:ex=00;32:*.cmd=00;32:*.exe=01;32:*.com=01;32:*.bat=01;32:*.btm=01;32:*.dll=01;32:*.tar=00;31:*.tbz=00;31:*.tgz=00;31:*.rpm=00;31:*.deb=00;31:*.arj=00;31:*.taz=00;31:*.lzh=00;31:*.lzma=00;31:*.zip=00;31:*.zoo=00;31:*.z=00;31:*.Z=00;31:*.gz=00;31:*.bz2=00;31:*.tb2=00;31:*.tz2=00;31:*.tbz2=00;31:*.xz=00;31:*.avi=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.webp=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.aiff=00;32:*.ape=00;32:*.au=00;32:*.flac=00;32:*.m4a=00;32:*.mid=00;32:*.mp3=00;32:*.mpc=00;32:*.ogg=00;32:*.voc=00;32:*.wav=00;32:*.wma=00;32:*.wv=00;32:'
# HOSTTYPE = 'x86_64'
# XAUTHLOCALHOSTNAME = 'linux-eu06'
# LESSCLOSE = 'lessclose.sh %s %s'
# XKEYSYMDB = '/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/XKeysymDB'
# LANG = 'pt_PT.UTF-8'
# WINDOWMANAGER = '/usr/bin/startkde'
# LESS = '-M -I -R'
# PROFILEHOME = ''
# DISPLAY = ':0'
# JAVA_ROOT = '/usr/lib64/jvm/java'
# HOSTNAME = 'linux-eu06'
# SHELL_SESSION_ID = '789fbea46fec4654aed5fff424f3a209'
# CONFIG_SITE = '/usr/share/site/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu'
# CSHEDIT = 'emacs'
# GPG_TTY = '/dev/pts/0'
# AUDIODRIVER = 'pulseaudio'
# LESS_ADVANCED_PREPROCESSOR = 'no'
# COLORTERM = 'truecolor'
# JAVA_HOME = '/usr/lib64/jvm/java'
# ALSA_CONFIG_PATH = '/etc/alsa-pulse.conf'
# MACHTYPE = 'x86_64-suse-linux'
# XDG_VTNR = '7'
# QEMU_AUDIO_DRV = 'pa'
# MINICOM = '-c on'
# QT_SYSTEM_DIR = '/usr/share/desktop-data'
# OSTYPE = 'linux'
# XDG_SESSION_ID = '1'
# USER = 'leonardo'
# PAGER = 'less'
# DESKTOP_SESSION = '/usr/share/xsessions/default'
# KONSOLE_VERSION = '181203'
# GTK2_RC_FILES = '/etc/gtk-2.0/gtkrc:/home/leonardo/.gtkrc-2.0:/home/leonardo/.config/gtkrc-2.0'
# MORE = '-sl'
# PWD = '//home/leonardo/program'
# SSH_ASKPASS = '/usr/lib/ssh/ssh-askpass'
# HOME = '/home/leonardo'
# HOST = 'linux-eu06'
# XNLSPATH = '/usr/share/X11/nls'
# XDG_SESSION_TYPE = 'x11'
# SDK_HOME = '/usr/lib64/jvm/java'
# XDG_DATA_DIRS = '/home/leonardo/.local/share/flatpak/exports/share:/var/lib/flatpak/exports/share:/usr/local/share:/usr/share'
# KONSOLE_DBUS_SESSION = '/Sessions/1'
# JDK_HOME = '/usr/lib64/jvm/java'
# XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP = 'KDE'
# PROFILEREAD = 'true'
# KONSOLE_DBUS_WINDOW = '/Windows/1'
# GTK_MODULES = 'canberra-gtk-module'
# FROM_HEADER = ''
# MAIL = '/var/spool/mail/leonardo'
# LESSKEY = '/etc/lesskey.bin'
# TERM = 'xterm-256color'
# SHELL = '/bin/bash'
# KONSOLE_DBUS_SERVICE = ':1.35'
# XDG_SESSION_CLASS = 'user'
# XDG_SEAT_PATH = '/org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Seat0'
# QT_IM_MODULE = 'xim'
# XMODIFIERS = '@im=local'
# LS_OPTIONS = '-N --color=tty -T 0'
# XCURSOR_THEME = 'breeze_cursors'
# XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP = 'KDE'
# KONSOLE_PROFILE_NAME = 'Predefinição'
# XDG_SEAT = 'seat0'
# SHLVL = '2'
# COLORFGBG = '15;0'
# LANGUAGE = ''
# G_FILENAME_ENCODING = '@locale,UTF-8,ISO-8859-15,CP1252'
# MANPATH = '/usr/local/man:/usr/share/man'
# GTK_RC_FILES = '/etc/gtk/gtkrc:/home/leonardo/.gtkrc:/home/leonardo/.config/gtkrc'
# WINDOWID = '56623110'
# XSESSION_IS_UP = 'yes'
# LOGNAME = 'leonardo'
# DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS = 'unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus'
# XDG_RUNTIME_DIR = '/run/user/1000'
# XAUTHORITY = '/home/leonardo/.Xauthority'
# JRE_HOME = '/usr/lib64/jvm/java/jre'
# XDG_SESSION_PATH = '/org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Session0'
# QT_AUTO_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTOR = '0'
# XDG_CONFIG_DIRS = '/etc/xdg'
# PATH = '/home/leonardo/.buildozer/android/platform/apache-ant-1.9.4/bin:/home/leonardo/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin'
# JAVA_BINDIR = '/usr/lib64/jvm/java/bin'
# KDE_SESSION_UID = '1000'
# SDL_AUDIODRIVER = 'pulse'
# KDE_SESSION_VERSION = '5'
# QT_IM_SWITCHER = 'imsw-multi'
# G_BROKEN_FILENAMES = '1'
# HISTSIZE = '1000'
# SESSION_MANAGER = 'local/linux-eu06:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/1823,unix/linux-eu06:/tmp/.ICE-unix/1823'
# CPU = 'x86_64'
# CVS_RSH = 'ssh'
# LESSOPEN = 'lessopen.sh %s'
# GTK_IM_MODULE = 'cedilla'
# OLDPWD = '/home/leonardo'
# _ = '/usr/bin/buildozer'
# PACKAGES_PATH = '/home/leonardo/.buildozer/android/packages'
# ANDROIDSDK = '/home/leonardo/.buildozer/android/platform/android-sdk'
# ANDROIDNDK = '/home/leonardo/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r19b'
# ANDROIDAPI = '27'
# ANDROIDMINAPI = '21'
#
# Buildozer failed to execute the last command
# The error might be hidden in the log above this error
# Please read the full log, and search for it before
# raising an issue with buildozer itself.
# In case of a bug report, please add a full log with log_level = 2
leonardo@linux-eu06://home/leonardo/program>
有人可以帮我吗？谢谢。
@ inclement提示后，第一种情况已解决，但仍然显示问题。如果有人可以帮助我，谢谢！我仅将最后一部分放在我认为问题所在的位置。
[INFO]: -> directory context /home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/setuptools-python3/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/setuptools
[INFO]: -> running python3 setup.py install -O2 --root=/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/pytho...(and 32 more)
Exception in thread background thread for pid 7551:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/threading.py", line 916, in _bootstrap_inner
self.run()
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/threading.py", line 864, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sh.py", line 1540, in wrap
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sh.py", line 2459, in background_thread
handle_exit_code(exit_code)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sh.py", line 2157, in fn
return self.command.handle_command_exit_code(exit_code)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sh.py", line 815, in handle_command_exit_code
raise exc
sh.ErrorReturnCode_1:
RAN: /home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/hostpython3/desktop/hostpython3/native-build/python3 setup.py install -O2 --root=/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/python-installs/myapp --install-lib=.
STDOUT:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "setup.py", line 11, in <module>
import setuptools
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/setuptools-python3/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/setuptools/setuptools/__init__.py", line 20, in <module>
from setuptools.dist import Distribution, Feature
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/setuptools-python3/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/setuptools/setuptools/dist.py", line 36, in <module>
from setuptools import windows_support
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/setuptools-python3/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/setuptools/setuptools/windows_support.py", line 2, in <module>
import ctypes
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/hostpython3/desktop/hostpython3/Lib/ctypes/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'
STDERR:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
"__main__", mod_spec)
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 1196, in <module>
main()
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/entrypoints.py", line 18, in main
ToolchainCL()
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 671, in __init__
getattr(self, args.subparser_name.replace('-', '_'))(args)
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 155, in wrapper_func
build_dist_from_args(ctx, dist, args)
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 209, in build_dist_from_args
args, "ignore_setup_py", False
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/build.py", line 580, in build_recipes
recipe.build_arch(arch)
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/recipe.py", line 960, in build_arch
self.install_python_package(arch)
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/recipe.py", line 979, in install_python_package
_env=hpenv, *self.setup_extra_args)
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/logger.py", line 180, in shprint
for line in output:
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sh.py", line 863, in next
self.wait()
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sh.py", line 792, in wait
self.handle_command_exit_code(exit_code)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sh.py", line 815, in handle_command_exit_code
raise exc
sh.ErrorReturnCode_1:
RAN: /home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/hostpython3/desktop/hostpython3/native-build/python3 setup.py install -O2 --root=/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/python-installs/myapp --install-lib=.
STDOUT:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "setup.py", line 11, in <module>
import setuptools
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/setuptools-python3/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/setuptools/setuptools/__init__.py", line 20, in <module>
from setuptools.dist import Distribution, Feature
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/setuptools-python3/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/setuptools/setuptools/dist.py", line 36, in <module>
from setuptools import windows_support
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/setuptools-python3/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/setuptools/setuptools/windows_support.py", line 2, in <module>
import ctypes
File "/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/hostpython3/desktop/hostpython3/Lib/ctypes/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'
STDERR:
# Command failed: /usr/bin/python3 -m pythonforandroid.toolchain create --dist_name=myapp --bootstrap=sdl2 --requirements=python3,kivy --arch armeabi-v7a --copy-libs --color=always --storage-dir="/home/leonardo/program/.buildozer/android/platform/build-armeabi-v7a" --ndk-api=21
# ENVIRONMENT:
# GS_LIB = '/home/leonardo/.fonts'
# KDE_FULL_SESSION = 'true'
# LS_COLORS = 'no=00:fi=00:di=01;34:ln=00;36:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=41;33;01:ex=00;32:*.cmd=00;32:*.exe=01;32:*.com=01;32:*.bat=01;32:*.btm=01;32:*.dll=01;32:*.tar=00;31:*.tbz=00;31:*.tgz=00;31:*.rpm=00;31:*.deb=00;31:*.arj=00;31:*.taz=00;31:*.lzh=00;31:*.lzma=00;31:*.zip=00;31:*.zoo=00;31:*.z=00;31:*.Z=00;31:*.gz=00;31:*.bz2=00;31:*.tb2=00;31:*.tz2=00;31:*.tbz2=00;31:*.xz=00;31:*.avi=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.webp=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.aiff=00;32:*.ape=00;32:*.au=00;32:*.flac=00;32:*.m4a=00;32:*.mid=00;32:*.mp3=00;32:*.mpc=00;32:*.ogg=00;32:*.voc=00;32:*.wav=00;32:*.wma=00;32:*.wv=00;32:'
# HOSTTYPE = 'x86_64'
# XAUTHLOCALHOSTNAME = 'linux-eu06'
# LESSCLOSE = 'lessclose.sh %s %s'
# XKEYSYMDB = '/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/XKeysymDB'
# LANG = 'pt_PT.UTF-8'
# WINDOWMANAGER = '/usr/bin/startkde'
# LESS = '-M -I -R'
# PROFILEHOME = ''
# DISPLAY = ':0'
# JAVA_ROOT = '/usr/lib64/jvm/java'
# HOSTNAME = 'linux-eu06'
# SHELL_SESSION_ID = 'cdd70e16c2b5470da27c38607a43356e'
# CONFIG_SITE = '/usr/share/site/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu'
# CSHEDIT = 'emacs'
# GPG_TTY = '/dev/pts/0'
# AUDIODRIVER = 'pulseaudio'
# LESS_ADVANCED_PREPROCESSOR = 'no'
# COLORTERM = 'truecolor'
# JAVA_HOME = '/usr/lib64/jvm/java'
# ALSA_CONFIG_PATH = '/etc/alsa-pulse.conf'
# MACHTYPE = 'x86_64-suse-linux'
# XDG_VTNR = '7'
# QEMU_AUDIO_DRV = 'pa'
# MINICOM = '-c on'
# QT_SYSTEM_DIR = '/usr/share/desktop-data'
# OSTYPE = 'linux'
# XDG_SESSION_ID = '1'
# USER = 'leonardo'
# PAGER = 'less'
# DESKTOP_SESSION = '/usr/share/xsessions/default'
# KONSOLE_VERSION = '181203'
# GTK2_RC_FILES = '/etc/gtk-2.0/gtkrc:/home/leonardo/.gtkrc-2.0:/home/leonardo/.config/gtkrc-2.0'
# MORE = '-sl'
# PWD = '//home/leonardo/program'
# SSH_ASKPASS = '/usr/lib/ssh/ssh-askpass'
# HOME = '/home/leonardo'
# HOST = 'linux-eu06'
# XNLSPATH = '/usr/share/X11/nls'
# XDG_SESSION_TYPE = 'x11'
# SDK_HOME = '/usr/lib64/jvm/java'
# XDG_DATA_DIRS = '/home/leonardo/.local/share/flatpak/exports/share:/var/lib/flatpak/exports/share:/usr/local/share:/usr/share'
# KONSOLE_DBUS_SESSION = '/Sessions/1'
# JDK_HOME = '/usr/lib64/jvm/java'
# XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP = 'KDE'
# PROFILEREAD = 'true'
# KONSOLE_DBUS_WINDOW = '/Windows/1'
# GTK_MODULES = 'canberra-gtk-module'
# FROM_HEADER = ''
# MAIL = '/var/spool/mail/leonardo'
# LESSKEY = '/etc/lesskey.bin'
# TERM = 'xterm-256color'
# SHELL = '/bin/bash'
# KONSOLE_DBUS_SERVICE = ':1.34'
# XDG_SESSION_CLASS = 'user'
# XDG_SEAT_PATH = '/org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Seat0'
# QT_IM_MODULE = 'xim'
# XMODIFIERS = '@im=local'
# LS_OPTIONS = '-N --color=tty -T 0'
# XCURSOR_THEME = 'breeze_cursors'
# XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP = 'KDE'
# KONSOLE_PROFILE_NAME = 'Predefinição'
# XDG_SEAT = 'seat0'
# SHLVL = '2'
# COLORFGBG = '15;0'
# LANGUAGE = ''
# G_FILENAME_ENCODING = '@locale,UTF-8,ISO-8859-15,CP1252'
# MANPATH = '/usr/local/man:/usr/share/man'
# GTK_RC_FILES = '/etc/gtk/gtkrc:/home/leonardo/.gtkrc:/home/leonardo/.config/gtkrc'
# WINDOWID = '54525958'
# XSESSION_IS_UP = 'yes'
# LOGNAME = 'leonardo'
# DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS = 'unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus'
# XDG_RUNTIME_DIR = '/run/user/1000'
# XAUTHORITY = '/home/leonardo/.Xauthority'
# JRE_HOME = '/usr/lib64/jvm/java/jre'
# XDG_SESSION_PATH = '/org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Session0'
# QT_AUTO_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTOR = '0'
# XDG_CONFIG_DIRS = '/etc/xdg'
# PATH = '/home/leonardo/.buildozer/android/platform/apache-ant-1.9.4/bin:/home/leonardo/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin'
# JAVA_BINDIR = '/usr/lib64/jvm/java/bin'
# KDE_SESSION_UID = '1000'
# SDL_AUDIODRIVER = 'pulse'
# KDE_SESSION_VERSION = '5'
# QT_IM_SWITCHER = 'imsw-multi'
# G_BROKEN_FILENAMES = '1'
# HISTSIZE = '1000'
# SESSION_MANAGER = 'local/linux-eu06:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/1836,unix/linux-eu06:/tmp/.ICE-unix/1836'
# CPU = 'x86_64'
# CVS_RSH = 'ssh'
# LESSOPEN = 'lessopen.sh %s'
# GTK_IM_MODULE = 'cedilla'
# OLDPWD = '/home/leonardo'
# _ = '/usr/bin/buildozer'
# PACKAGES_PATH = '/home/leonardo/.buildozer/android/packages'
# ANDROIDSDK = '/home/leonardo/.buildozer/android/platform/android-sdk'
# ANDROIDNDK = '/home/leonardo/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r19b'
# ANDROIDAPI = '27'
# ANDROIDMINAPI = '21'
#
# Buildozer failed to execute the last command
# The error might be hidden in the log above this error
# Please read the full log, and search for it before
# raising an issue with buildozer itself.
# In case of a bug report, please add a full log with log_level = 2
leonardo@linux-eu06://home/leonardo/program>
似乎您缺少patch命令。尝试安装。我不知道opensuse上的软件包名称是什么，但是应该很明显。