g++ 定时器与 DPC++ Intel 编译器不兼容

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

我有一个 HPCCG 文件，我一直在尝试编译。我想使用 Intel oneAPI 编译器对其进行编译，它成功完成了，但生成的结果表明计时器实现不起作用。我注意到当我使用 g++ 编译器时它可以工作。这是定时器实现源码如下：


//@HEADER
// ************************************************************************
// 
//               HPCCG: Simple Conjugate Gradient Benchmark Code
//                 Copyright (2006) Sandia Corporation
// 
// Under terms of Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000, there is a non-exclusive
// license for use of this work by or on behalf of the U.S. Government.
// 
// BSD 3-Clause License
// 
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
// 
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
//   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// 
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
//   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
//   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
// 
// * Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
//   contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
//   this software without specific prior written permission.
// 
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
// DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
// FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
// DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
// SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
// CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
// OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
// 
// Questions? Contact Michael A. Heroux ([email protected]) 
// 
// ************************************************************************
//@HEADER
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Function to return time in seconds.
// If compiled with no flags, return CPU time (user and system).
// If compiled with -DWALL, returns elapsed time.

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifdef USING_MPI
#include <mpi.h> // If this routine is compiled with -DUSING_MPI
                 // then include mpi.h
double mytimer(void)
{
   return(MPI_Wtime());
}


#elif defined(UseClock)

#include <time.hpp>
double mytimer(void)
{
   clock_t t1;
   static clock_t t0=0;
   static double CPS = CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
   double d;

   if (t0 == 0) t0 = clock();
   t1 = clock() - t0;
   d = t1 / CPS;
   return(d);
}

#elif defined(WALL)

#include <cstdlib>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
double mytimer(void)
{
   struct timeval tp;
   static long start=0, startu;
   if (!start)
   {
      gettimeofday(&tp, NULL);
      start = tp.tv_sec;
      startu = tp.tv_usec;
      return(0.0);
   }
   gettimeofday(&tp, NULL);
   return( ((double) (tp.tv_sec - start)) + (tp.tv_usec-startu)/1000000.0 );
}

#elif defined(UseTimes)

#include <cstdlib>
#include <sys/times.h>
#include <unistd.h>
double mytimer(void)
{
   struct tms ts;
   static double ClockTick=0.0;

   if (ClockTick == 0.0) ClockTick = (double) sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
   times(&ts);
   return( (double) ts.tms_utime / ClockTick );
}

#else

#include <cstdlib>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
double mytimer(void)
{
   struct rusage ruse;
   getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &ruse);
   return( (double)(ruse.ru_utime.tv_sec+ruse.ru_utime.tv_usec / 1000000.0) );
}

#endif

我尝试用 icpx 编译它，这些是我的结果：

#********** Performance Summary (times in sec) ***********: 
Time Summary: 
  Total   : 0
  DDOT    : 0
  WAXPBY  : 0
  SPARSEMV: 0
FLOPS Summary: 
  Total   : 9.536e+06
  DDOT    : 596000
  WAXPBY  : 894000
  SPARSEMV: 8.046e+06
MFLOPS Summary: 
  Total   : inf
  DDOT    : inf
  WAXPBY  : inf
  SPARSEMV: inf

当我将编译器更改为 g++ 时。这是我的结果

#********** Performance Summary (times in sec) ***********: 
Time Summary: 
  Total   : 0.018251
  DDOT    : 0.001142
  WAXPBY  : 0.001825
  SPARSEMV: 0.014805
FLOPS Summary: 
  Total   : 9.536e+06
  DDOT    : 596000
  WAXPBY  : 894000
  SPARSEMV: 8.046e+06
MFLOPS Summary: 
  Total   : 522.492
  DDOT    : 521.891
  WAXPBY  : 489.863
  SPARSEMV: 543.465
hpc timing dpc++
1个回答
0
投票

我确认我可以使用 oneAPI 编译器重现该问题，直至版本 2023.2.3。 2024.0.0 版本已修复。因此，您可以将编译器更新到该版本，或者通过在 Makefile 中使用适当的宏来选择另一个计时器。

注意，如果您使用 MPI，则 makefile 已设置为自动选择最佳计时器 (

MPI_Wtime()
)。 但是，通过将 
-DWALL
开关添加到编译器选项中，可以获得默认计时器的绝佳替代方案。

$ module load intel/oneapi/2023.2.3
$ make
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o main.o main.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o generate_matrix.o generate_matrix.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o read_HPC_row.o read_HPC_row.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o compute_residual.o compute_residual.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o mytimer.o mytimer.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o dump_matlab_matrix.o dump_matlab_matrix.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o HPC_sparsemv.o HPC_sparsemv.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o HPCCG.o HPCCG.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o waxpby.o waxpby.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o ddot.o ddot.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o make_local_matrix.o make_local_matrix.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o exchange_externals.o exchange_externals.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o YAML_Element.o YAML_Element.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL       -c -o YAML_Doc.o YAML_Doc.cpp
icpx -O3 -ftree-vectorize -DWALL  main.o generate_matrix.o read_HPC_row.o compute_residual.o mytimer.o dump_matlab_matrix.o HPC_sparsemv.o HPCCG.o waxpby.o ddot.o make_local_matrix.o exchange_externals.o YAML_Element.o YAML_Doc.o -lm -o test_HPCCG
$ ./test_HPCCG 64 64 64
Initial Residual = 1654.81
Iteration = 15   Residual = 19.7523
Iteration = 30   Residual = 0.107645
Iteration = 45   Residual = 0.000229062
Iteration = 60   Residual = 4.03876e-07
Iteration = 75   Residual = 4.4229e-10
Iteration = 90   Residual = 5.59501e-13
Iteration = 105   Residual = 3.9836e-16
Iteration = 120   Residual = 1.75613e-19
Iteration = 135   Residual = 5.38692e-22
Iteration = 149   Residual = 7.18448e-25
Mini-Application Name: hpccg
Mini-Application Version: 1.0
Parallelism: 
  MPI not enabled: 
  OpenMP not enabled: 
Dimensions: 
  nx: 64
  ny: 64
  nz: 64
Number of iterations: 149
Final residual: 7.18448e-25
#********** Performance Summary (times in sec) ***********: 
Time Summary: 
  Total   : 0.67078
  DDOT    : 0.024968
  WAXPBY  : 0.066434
  SPARSEMV: 0.579066
FLOPS Summary: 
  Total   : 2.49981e+09
  DDOT    : 1.56238e+08
  WAXPBY  : 2.34357e+08
  SPARSEMV: 2.10921e+09
MFLOPS Summary: 
  Total   : 3726.71
  DDOT    : 6257.52
  WAXPBY  : 3527.66
  SPARSEMV: 3642.44
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