将文本中的方括号子字符串转换为关联数组

Question

我有一个 PHP 脚本，可以从

argv[]

中解析信息片段，但对于如何从长字符串中获取信息有点困惑。我只想要

[msg "something something"]

和

[uri "something something"]

字符串：

[2019 年 2 月 6 日星期三 08:57:54] [错误] [客户端 123.123.123.123] ModSecurity：访问被拒绝，代码为 403（第 2 阶段）。操作员情商 在 REQUEST_HEADERS 处匹配 0。 [文件 “/etc/httpd/modsecurity.d/activated_rules/modsecurity_crs_21_protocol_anomalies.conf”] [行“47”] [id“960015”] [rev“1”] [msg“请求缺少接受” 标题”] [严重性“通知”] [版本“OWASP_CRS/2.2.6”] [成熟度“9”] [精度“9”] [标签 “OWASP_CRS/PROTOCOL_VIOLATION/MISSING_HEADER_ACCEPT”] [标签 “WASCTC/WASC-21”] [标签“OWASP_TOP_10/A7”] [标签“PCI/6.5.10”] [主机名 “something.net”] [uri“/index.php/admin/”] [unique_id “XFsEAsDzZbMAAGY5i5oAAAAA”]

Answer 1

通过使用广泛的正则表达式，您可以一次提取所有标签信息。然后，您可以使用

array_combine

生成由标签索引的值数组：

preg_match_all('/\[([a-z_]+)\s*([^]]*)\]/', $string, $matches);
$output = array_combine($matches[1], $matches[2]);

输出：

Array (
    [error] =>
    [client] => 123.123.123.123
    [file] => "/etc/httpd/modsecurity.d/activated_rules/modsecurity_crs_21_protocol_anomalies.conf"
    [line] => "47"
    [id] => "960015"
    [rev] => "1"
    [msg] => "Request Missing an Accept Header"
    [severity] => "NOTICE"
    [ver] => "OWASP_CRS/2.2.6"
    [maturity] => "9"
    [accuracy] => "9"
    [tag] => "PCI/6.5.10"
    [hostname] => "something.net"
    [uri] => "/index.php/admin/"
    [unique_id] => "XFsEAsDzZbMAAGY5i5oAAAAA"
)

如果您不想在值周围加上引号，请使用

array_map

和

trim

:

$output = array_map(function ($v) { return trim($v, '"'); }, $output);

输出：

Array (
    [error] =>
    [client] => 123.123.123.123
    [file] => /etc/httpd/modsecurity.d/activated_rules/modsecurity_crs_21_protocol_anomalies.conf
    [line] => 47
    [id] => 960015
    [rev] => 1
    [msg] => Request Missing an Accept Header
    [severity] => NOTICE
    [ver] => OWASP_CRS/2.2.6
    [maturity] => 9
    [accuracy] => 9
    [tag] => PCI/6.5.10
    [hostname] => something.net
    [uri] => /index.php/admin/
    [unique_id] => XFsEAsDzZbMAAGY5i5oAAAAA
)

3v4l.org 上的演示

Answer 2

您可以尝试使用正则表达式模式匹配，如下所示 - REGEX

<?php
$re = '`\[(msg|uri) "(.*?)"\]`mi';
$str = '[Wed Feb 06 08:57:54 2019] [error] [client 123.123.123.123] ModSecurity: Access denied with code 403 (phase 2). Operator EQ matched 0 at REQUEST_HEADERS. [file "/etc/httpd/modsecurity.d/activated_rules/modsecurity_crs_21_protocol_anomalies.conf"] [line "47"] [id "960015"] [rev "1"] [msg "Request Missing an Accept Header"] [severity "NOTICE"] [ver "OWASP_CRS/2.2.6"] [maturity "9"] [accuracy "9"] [tag "OWASP_CRS/PROTOCOL_VIOLATION/MISSING_HEADER_ACCEPT"] [tag "WASCTC/WASC-21"] [tag "OWASP_TOP_10/A7"] [tag "PCI/6.5.10"] [hostname "something.net"] [uri "/index.php/admin/"] [unique_id "XFsEAsDzZbMAAGY5i5oAAAAA"]';

preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);

// matches contains all full match, partial match, so you can use any index to get that values e.g match[0] contains [uri "/index.php/admin/"]
//print_r($matches); // see what is full match, partial match etc
foreach($matches as $match){
    $expected[] = $match[2];
}
print_r($expected);
?>

输出：

Array ( 
    [0] => Request Missing an Accept Header 
    [1] => /index.php/admin/ 
)

演示：https://3v4l.org/HJ2uB