我对增加 matplotlib 中轴的厚度的方法感兴趣(不切入绘图域)。也就是说,我希望轴的厚度从绘图向外延伸,而不是向内延伸。这样的事可能吗?
传统方法(例如,见下文)似乎不起作用:
from pylab import *
close("all")
#rc('axes', linewidth=30)
# Make a dummy plot
plot([0.01, 0, 1], [0.5, 0, 1])
fontsize = 14
ax = gca()
for axis in ['top','bottom','left','right']:
ax.spines[axis].set_linewidth(30)
xlabel('X Axis', fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
ylabel('Y Axis', fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
具有相同效果的一个选项是创建一个与轴范围完全相同的白色矩形,这样轴内的脊柱部分就被矩形隐藏了。这将需要将线宽设置为两倍,因为只能看到一半的线。
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Make a dummy plot
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot([0.01, 0, 1], [0.5, 0, 1], zorder=1)
ax.axis([0,1,0,1])
for axis in ['top','bottom','left','right']:
ax.spines[axis].set_linewidth(30)
ax.spines[axis].set_color("gold")
ax.spines[axis].set_zorder(0)
ax.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((0,0),1,1, color="w", transform=ax.transAxes))
ax.set_xlabel('X Axis', fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
ax.set_ylabel('Y Axis', fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
plt.show()
我在这里将刺设为黄色,这样它们就不会隐藏蜱虫和蜱虫标签。
另一种选择是适应 Set matplotlib矩形边缘到指定宽度之外?的答案,以创建一个严格包围绘图中的区域的矩形,如下所示:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Rectangle
from matplotlib.offsetbox import AnnotationBbox, AuxTransformBox
# Make a dummy plot
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot([0.01, 0, 1], [0.5, 0, 1], zorder=1)
ax.axis([0,1,0,1])
linewidth=14
xy, w, h = (0, 0), 1, 1
r = Rectangle(xy, w, h, fc='none', ec='k', lw=1, transform=ax.transAxes)
offsetbox = AuxTransformBox(ax.transData)
offsetbox.add_artist(r)
ab = AnnotationBbox(offsetbox, (xy[0]+w/2.,xy[1]+w/2.),
boxcoords="data", pad=0.52,fontsize=linewidth,
bboxprops=dict(facecolor = "none", edgecolor='r',
lw = linewidth))
ab.set_zorder(0)
ax.add_artist(ab)
ax.set_xlabel('X Axis', fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
ax.set_ylabel('Y Axis', fontsize=16, fontweight='bold')
plt.show()