JavaFX：如何将图像添加到用另一种方法初始化的矩形？

问题描述 投票：1回答：1

我制作了SpaceInvaders的原始副本以了解JavaFX，并想知道如何用图形替换用作Sprite的矩形。

它与播放器精灵和舞台背景都可以正常工作，但是我不知道如何用图形替换红色的敌人方块。

我已经尝试将Image Object放入nextLevel（）方法中，并将其填充到其中的sprite中，但这仅给我FileNotFoundException错误。

nextLevel（）方法：

private void nextLevel() {
// Image img2 = Image(newFileInputStream("C:\\Users\\user\\Pictures\\y.jpg")); 

            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                Sprite enemy = new Sprite (90 + i*100, 150, 30, 30, "enemy", Color.RED);
//      enemy.setFill(new ImagePattern(img2));

                root.getChildren().add(enemy);
            }
        }

我只能在start方法中初始化图像，但是由于它们尚未初始化，因此我不知道如何将其分配给敌人广场。即使我将敌人放在createContent（）方法之后，该方法也无法解决，它会调用nextLevel（）方法以及舞台。

启动方法：

@Override
        public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception {

            Image img2 = new Image(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\user\\Pictures\\x.jpg"));
            Image img = new Image(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\user\\Pictures\\y.png"));

            player.setFill(new ImagePattern(img));
    // enemy.setFill(new ImagePattern(img2));

            stage.setTitle("Box");
            stage.setResizable(false);

            Scene scene = new Scene(createContent());
            scene.setFill(new ImagePattern(img2));
            scene.setOnKeyPressed(e ->{
                switch (e.getCode()) {
                case A:
                    player.moveLeft();
                    break;
                case D:
                    player.moveRight();
                    break;
                case SPACE:
                    shoot(player);
                    break;
                }
            });

            stage.setScene(scene);
            stage.show();
        }

createContent（）方法：

    private Parent createContent() {

        root.setPrefSize(600,800);
        root.getChildren().add(player);

        AnimationTimer timer = new AnimationTimer() {
            @Override
            public void handle(long now) {
                update();
            }
        };

        timer.start();

        nextLevel();

        return root;
    }

如果有人需要，这里是完整的代码：

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import javafx.animation.AnimationTimer;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.image.Image;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.paint.ImagePattern;
import javafx.scene.shape.Rectangle;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class SpaceInvaders extends Application {

    private double t = 0;
    private final Pane root = new Pane();
    private final Sprite player = new Sprite (300,700,80,80, "player",Color.BLUE);

    private Parent createContent() {

        root.setPrefSize(600,800);
        root.getChildren().add(player);

        AnimationTimer timer = new AnimationTimer() {
            @Override
            public void handle(long now) {
                update();
            }
        };

        timer.start();
        nextLevel();
        return root;
    }

    private void nextLevel() {

        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            Sprite enemy = new Sprite (90 + i*100, 150, 30, 30, "enemy", Color.RED);
            root.getChildren().add(enemy);
        }
    }

    private List<Sprite> sprites(){
        return root.getChildren().stream().map(n -> (Sprite)n).collect(Collectors.toList());
    }
    private void update() {
        t += 0.016;
        sprites().forEach(s -> {
            switch (s.type) {

            case "enemybullet":
                s.moveDown();

                if (s.getBoundsInParent().intersects(player.getBoundsInParent())) {
                    player.dead = true;
                    s.dead = true;
                }
                break;

            case "playerbullet":
                s.moveUp();

                sprites().stream().filter(e -> e.type.equals("enemy")).forEach(enemy ->{
                    if (s.getBoundsInParent().intersects(enemy.getBoundsInParent())) {
                        enemy.dead = true;
                        s.dead = true;
                    }
                });
                break;

            case "enemy":

                if (t > 2) {
                    if (Math.random() < 0.3) {
                        shoot2(s);
                    }
                }

                break;
            }
        });

        root.getChildren().removeIf(n -> {
            Sprite s = (Sprite) n;
            return s.dead;
        });

        if (t > 2) {
            t = 0;
        }
    }

    private void shoot(Sprite who) {
        Sprite s = new Sprite((int) who.getTranslateX() + 40, (int) who.getTranslateY(), 5, 20, who.type + "bullet", Color.BLACK);
        root.getChildren().add(s);
    }

    private void shoot2(Sprite who) {
        Sprite s = new Sprite((int) who.getTranslateX() + 20, (int) who.getTranslateY() + 5, 5, 20, who.type + "bullet", Color.BLACK);
        root.getChildren().add(s);
    }

    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception {

        Image img2 = new Image(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\Alexxx\\Pictures\\ibama.jpg"));
        Image img = new Image(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\Alexxx\\Pictures\\pinguin.png"));

        player.setFill(new ImagePattern(img));

        stage.setTitle("Nordpol-Defender 2");
        stage.setResizable(false);

        Scene scene = new Scene(createContent());
        scene.setFill(new ImagePattern(img2));
        scene.setOnKeyPressed(e ->{
            switch (e.getCode()) {
            case A:
                player.moveLeft();
                break;
            case D:
                player.moveRight();
                break;
            case SPACE:
                shoot(player);
                break;
            }
        });

        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.show();
    }

    private static class Sprite extends Rectangle {

        boolean dead = false;
        final String type;

        Sprite(int x, int y, int w, int h, String type, Color colour){
            super(w, h, colour);
            this.type = type;

            setTranslateX(x);
            setTranslateY(y);
        }

        Sprite(int x, int y, int w, int h, String type, Color colour, Image img){
            super(w, h, colour);
            this.type = type;

            setFill(new ImagePattern(img));
            setTranslateX(x);
            setTranslateY(y);
        }

        void moveLeft() {
            setTranslateX(getTranslateX() - 5);
        }

        void moveRight() {
            setTranslateX(getTranslateX() + 5);
        }
        void moveUp() {
            setTranslateY(getTranslateY() - 5);
        }

        void moveDown() {
            setTranslateY(getTranslateY() + 5);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
}
java javafx graphics shapes
1个回答
0
投票

以下Minimal, Reproducible Example （（1）演示了如何在运行时更改Rectangle中的图像：

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.image.Image;
import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.paint.ImagePattern;
import javafx.scene.shape.Rectangle;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class ChangeImageInShape extends Application {

    private int imageSelected = 0;
    private Sprite player;

    private static final String[] fishImages = {
            "https://emojipedia-us.s3.dualstack.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/thumbs/160/lg/57/tropical-fish_1f420.png",
            "https://www.shareicon.net/data/128x128/2015/03/28/14104_animal_256x256.png",
            "https://cdn1.iconfinder.com/data/icons/DarkGlass_Reworked/128x128/apps/gnome-fish.png",
            "http://www.iconsalot.com/asset/icons/freepik/pet-shop-13/128/010-fish-2-icon.png"
    };
    private final Image[] images = new Image[fishImages.length];

    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception {

        for(int i = 0 ; i < images.length ; i++){
            images[i] = new Image(fishImages[i]); //loading images takes some time 
        }

        player = new Sprite (0,0,80,80, "player",Color.BLUE);
        changeImageInSprite();

        Button btn = new Button("Change Image In Sprite");
        btn.setOnAction(e->changeImageInSprite());

        Pane root = new BorderPane(player, null, null, btn, null);
        root.setPrefSize(300,200);

        Scene scene = new Scene(root);
        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.show();
    }

    private void changeImageInSprite() {
        player.setFill(new ImagePattern(images[imageSelected++]));
        imageSelected = imageSelected >= images.length ?  0 : imageSelected;
    }

    private static class Sprite extends Rectangle {

        Sprite(int x, int y, int w, int h, String type, Color colour){
            super(w, h, colour);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
}

（（1）它使用公共可用资源，它尽可能短，并且不代表您的应用程序而是问题。考虑将问题添加到问题和答案中。
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