我有以下代码生成气泡图,然后将标签作为文本添加到绘图中:
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize = (5,10))
# create data
x = [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]
y = ['A','B','C','D',
'E','F','G','H','I','']
z = [10,20,80,210,390,1050,2180,4690,13040,0]
labels = [1,2,8,21,39,105,218,469,1304]
plt.xlim(0.9,1.1)
for i, txt in enumerate(labels):
ax.annotate(txt, (x[i], y[i]), ha='center', va='center', )
plt.scatter(x, y, s=z*4000, c="#8C4799", alpha=0.3)
我有垂直和水平居中的文本标签(即1304,469等),但理想情况下我希望它向右移动,使其远离气泡。我曾尝试过ha=right
,但它只是略微推动它。
有什么我可以用它来完全远离泡沫吗?即代码我可以把它下面的for loop
:
for i, txt in enumerate(labels):
ax.annotate(txt, (x[i], y[i]), ha='center', va='center', )
由于气泡的大小s
是s=z*4000
,气泡的半径是np.sqrt(z*4000)/2
。 (有关解释,请参阅scatter plot marker size)。
因此,您将创建一个注释,该注释位于数据坐标中气泡的中心,并以点为单位将其偏移np.sqrt(z*4000)/2
(或者可能更多地使它看起来更好2或3个点)。
这将使用
annotate("text", xy=(x[i],y[i]),
xytext=(np.sqrt(z[i]*4000)/2+2, 0), textcoords="offset points")
完整的例子:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize = (5,10))
# create data
x = [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]
y = ['A','B','C','D',
'E','F','G','H','I','']
z = [10,20,80,210,390,1050,2180,4690,13040,0]
labels = [1,2,8,21,39,105,218,469,1304]
plt.xlim(0.9,1.1)
sc = plt.scatter(x, y, s=z*4000, c="#8C4799", alpha=0.3)
for txt, size, xi, yi in zip(labels, sc.get_sizes(), x,y):
ax.annotate(txt, xy=(xi,yi), xytext=(np.sqrt(size)/2+2, 0),
textcoords="offset points",
ha='left', va='center', )
plt.show()
我只是使用偏移百分比(例如20%)来重新定位文本的x坐标。此外,您可以关闭x限制的手动设置。
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(4, 10))
x = [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]
y = ['A','B','C','D',
'E','F','G','H','I','']
z = [10,20,80,210,390,1050,2180,4690,13040,0]
labels = [1,2,8,21,39,105,218,469,1304]
for i, txt in enumerate(labels):
ax.annotate(txt, (x[i]*1.2, y[i]), ha='center', va='center', )
plt.scatter(x, y, s=z*4000, c="#8C4799", alpha=0.3)
xytext
的参数ax.annotate
让你这样做:
fig,ax = plt.subplots(figsize =(5,10))
# create data
x = [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]
y = ['A','B','C','D',
'E','F','G','H','I','']
z = [10,20,80,210,390,1050,2180,4690,13040,0]
labels = [1,2,8,21,39,105,218,469,1304]
plt.xlim(0.9,1.1)
for i, txt in enumerate(labels):
ax.annotate(txt, (x[i], y[i]), ha='center', va='center', xytext=(1.05,y[i]) )
plt.scatter(x, y, s=z*4000, c="#8C4799", alpha=0.3)
带来这个:
编辑:如果你想让标签位于每个圆圈的右边,你必须创建一个位置数组然后循环它