这是我的代码：
import asyncio
from aiohttp import ClientSession
async def main():
url = "https://stackoverflow.com/"
async with ClientSession() as session:
async with session.get(url) as resp:
print(resp.status)
asyncio.run(main())
如果我在我的计算机上运行它，一切正常，但如果我在 pythonanywhere 上运行它，我会收到此错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/0dminnimda/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aiohttp/connector.py", line 936, in _wrap_create_connection
return await self._loop.create_connection(*args, **kwargs) # type: ignore # noqa
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/asyncio/base_events.py", line 1017, in create_connection
raise exceptions[0]
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/asyncio/base_events.py", line 1002, in create_connection
sock = await self._connect_sock(
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/asyncio/base_events.py", line 916, in _connect_sock
await self.sock_connect(sock, address)
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/asyncio/selector_events.py", line 485, in sock_connect
return await fut
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/asyncio/selector_events.py", line 517, in _sock_connect_cb
raise OSError(err, f'Connect call failed {address}')
ConnectionRefusedError: [Errno 111] Connect call failed ('151.101.193.69', 443)
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test_c.py", line 39, in <module>
asyncio.run(main())
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/asyncio/runners.py", line 43, in run
return loop.run_until_complete(main)
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/asyncio/base_events.py", line 608, in run_until_complete
return future.result()
File "test_c.py", line 28, in main
async with session.get(url, timeout=30) as resp: # , headers=headers
File "/home/0dminnimda/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aiohttp/client.py", line 1012, in __aenter__
self._resp = await self._coro
File "/home/0dminnimda/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aiohttp/client.py", line 480, in _request
conn = await self._connector.connect(
File "/home/0dminnimda/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aiohttp/connector.py", line 523, in connect
proto = await self._create_connection(req, traces, timeout)
File "/home/0dminnimda/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aiohttp/connector.py", line 858, in _create_connection
_, proto = await self._create_direct_connection(
File "/home/0dminnimda/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aiohttp/connector.py", line 1004, in _create_direct_connection
raise last_exc
File "/home/0dminnimda/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aiohttp/connector.py", line 980, in _create_direct_connection
transp, proto = await self._wrap_create_connection(
File "/home/0dminnimda/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/aiohttp/connector.py", line 943, in _wrap_create_connection
raise client_error(req.connection_key, exc) from exc
aiohttp.client_exceptions.ClientConnectorError: Cannot connect to host stackoverflow.com:443 ssl:default [Connect call failed ('151.101.193.69', 443)]
Unclosed client session
client_session: <aiohttp.client.ClientSession object at 0x7f25a71d1a90>
aiohttp 托管：
Name: aiohttp
Version: 3.6.2
Summary: Async http client/server framework (asyncio)
Home-page: https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp
Author: Nikolay Kim
Author-email: [email protected]
License: Apache 2
Location: /home/0dminnimda/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages
Requires: chardet, async-timeout, multidict, yarl, attrs
Required-by:
我的电脑上的 aiohttp：
Name: aiohttp
Version: 3.6.2
Summary: Async http client/server framework (asyncio)
Home-page: https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp
Author: Nikolay Kim
Author-email: [email protected]
License: Apache 2
Location: c:\users\asus\appdata\roaming\python\python38\site-packages
Requires: async-timeout, attrs, chardet, yarl, multidict
Required-by:
我很茫然，难道不是这样吗？我正在使用 python3.8 运行这两个文件。
我也尝试过其他网址，他们也有同样的问题
我需要添加更多细节吗？
参考论坛的帮助，我在创建客户端时添加了
trust_env = True说明： PythonAnywhere 上的免费帐户必须使用代理连接到公共互联网，但 aiohttp 默认情况下不会连接到可通过环境变量访问的代理。
aiohttp 文档的链接（查找名为“trust_env”的参数）
这是新代码：
import asyncio
from aiohttp import ClientSession
async def main():
url = "https://stackoverflow.com/"
async with ClientSession(trust_env=True) as session:
async with session.get(url) as resp:
print(resp.status)
asyncio.run(main())
您尝试访问的域名必须在白名单中，否则您也可能会收到此错误。
在这种情况下，您需要在 pythonanywhere 论坛上发布新主题要求将域添加到白名单。
如果这是一个 api，那么您将需要提供该 api 文档的链接。
如果您使用 Windows 操作系统 以及 python（3.8 或更高版本）和 aiohttp（3.7.4 或更早版本）
有时像
... Cannot connect to host <REQUESTED URL>:443 ssl:default [The parameter is incorrect]import sys
...
policy = asyncio.WindowsSelectorEventLoopPolicy()
asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(policy)
asyncio.run(main())
您可以检查您的Python版本和操作系统：
import sys
...
if (sys.platform.startswith('win')
and sys.version_info[0] == 3
and sys.version_info[1] >= 8):
policy = asyncio.WindowsSelectorEventLoopPolicy()
asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(policy)
asyncio.run(main())
这里，第4536期，所有内容都有更详细的描述。
就我而言，问题是同时打开的连接数量非常大。为了解决这个问题，我将 limit 参数传递给 connector:
import aiohttp
conn = aiohttp.TCPConnector(limit_per_host=5)
async with aiohttp.ClientSession(connector=conn) as session:
发出请求时将 ssl 设置为 False
import aiohttp
conn = aiohttp.TCPConnector()
async with aiohttp.ClientSession(connector=conn) as session:
await session.get('https://example.com', ssl=False)
来自文档：https://docs.aiohttp.org/en/stable/client_reference.html，协程异步请求的参数：
ssl3.0版本新增功能。
import asyncio
from aiohttp import ClientSession
async def main():
url = "https://stackoverflow.com/"
async with ClientSession() as session:
async with session.get(url, ssl=False) as resp:
print(resp.status)
asyncio.run(main())
我在 macOS 上遇到了同样的错误，这不是 aiohttp 问题。
尝试打开应用程序并查找 Install Certificates.command。运行。这解决了 macOS 上的问题。
如果
ClientConnectorCertificateErrorSSLCertVerificationError: (1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate')]您有 3 个解决方案：
import ssl
import certifi
sslcontext = ssl.create_default_context(cafile=certifi.where())
async with session.get('https://example.com', ssl=sslcontext) as response:
.....
安装证书来源：
cd /Applications/Python\ 3.11/[不推荐] 禁用 SSL:
import aiohttp
connector=aiohttp.TCPConnector(ssl=False)
async with aiohttp.ClientSession(connector=connector) as session:
await session.get('https://example.com')
我刚刚通过将所有
httpshttphttpx