使用 Python 创建 Telegram 机器人时出现运行时错误

Question

我在使用 pyTelegramBotCAPTCHA 时遇到运行时错误。我在这个项目中使用 python-telegram-bot。

我当前的代码是这样的：

from telegram import Update
from telegram.ext import ApplicationBuilder, CommandHandler, ContextTypes
from pyTelegramBotCAPTCHA import CaptchaManager

group_id = GROUP_ID

bot = (
    ApplicationBuilder().token("TOKEN").build()
)
job_queue = bot.job_queue

captcha_manager = CaptchaManager(bot.bot.id, default_timeout=90)
captcha_manager.initialize()


async def hello(update: Update, context: ContextTypes.DEFAULT_TYPE) -> None:
    await update.message.reply_text(
        f"Hi {update.effective_user.first_name}! Hope you have a good day, to the moon 🚀"
    )


async def callback_daily(context: ContextTypes.DEFAULT_TYPE):
    await context.bot.send_message(chat_id=group_id, text="One message every hour")


## * CAPTCHA START
# Message handler for new chat members
@bot.message_handler(content_types=["new_chat_members"])
def new_member(message):
    for new_user in message.new_chat_members:
        captcha_manager.restrict_chat_member(bot, message.chat.id, new_user.id)
        captcha_manager.send_new_captcha(bot, message.chat, new_user)


# Callback query handler
@bot.callback_query_handler(func=lambda callback: True)
def on_callback(callback):
    captcha_manager.update_captcha(bot, callback)


# Handler for correct solved CAPTCHAs
@captcha_manager.on_captcha_correct
def on_correct(captcha):
    bot.send_message(captcha.chat.id, "Congrats! You solved the CAPTCHA!")
    captcha_manager.unrestrict_chat_member(bot, captcha.chat.id, captcha.user.id)
    captcha_manager.delete_captcha(bot, captcha)


# Handler for wrong solved CAPTCHAs
@captcha_manager.on_captcha_not_correct
def on_not_correct(captcha):
    if captcha.incorrect_digits == 1 and captcha.previous_tries < 2:
        captcha_manager.refresh_captcha(bot, captcha)
    else:
        bot.kick_chat_member(captcha.chat.id, captcha.user.id)
        bot.send_message(
            captcha.chat.id,
            f"{captcha.user.first_name} failed solving the CAPTCHA and was banned!",
        )
        captcha_manager.delete_captcha(bot, captcha)


# Handler for timed out CAPTCHAS
@captcha_manager.on_captcha_timeout
def on_timeout(captcha):
    bot.kick_chat_member(captcha.chat.id, captcha.user.id)
    bot.send_message(
        captcha.chat.id,
        f"{captcha.user.first_name} did not solve the CAPTCHA and was banned!",
    )
    captcha_manager.delete_captcha(bot, captcha)


## * CAPTCHA END

bot.add_handler(CommandHandler("hello", hello))

job_daily = job_queue.run_repeating(
    callback_daily, interval=3600, first=0
)  ## 9 hours = 32400 secs

bot.run_polling()

我收到此错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Users\user\Documents\GitHub\bc-project\tg-bot.py", line 17, in <module>
    captcha_manager = CaptchaManager(bot.bot.id, default_timeout=90)
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\telegram\_bot.py", line 669, in id
    return self.bot.id
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\telegram\_bot.py", line 658, in bot
    raise RuntimeError(
RuntimeError: ExtBot is not properly initialized. Call `ExtBot.initialize` before accessing this property.

我尝试使用initialize()函数初始化机器人，我也尝试使用captcha_manager的initialize()函数，但它不起作用。谢谢你的帮助。

Answer 1

引用pyTelegramBotCAPTCHA

的

自述文件

适用于 pyTelegramBotAPI 的易于使用且（希望有用）的图像验证码解决方案。

这意味着

pyTelegramBotCAPTCHA

是

pyTelegramBotAPI

库的扩展，而不是

python-telegram-bot

的扩展。自述文件中的所有示例均以

pyTelegramBotAPI

书写。我无法判断

pyTelegramBotCAPTCHA

是否与

python-telegram-bot

兼容。

无论如何，我强烈建议您选择 one python 库来与 Telegram 进行通信（

pyTelegramBotAPI

x 或

python-telegram-bot

）并坚持下去。

---

免责声明：我目前是

python-telegram-bot

的维护者。