测试Spring Boot @ConfigurationProperties验证失败

Question

我想为@NotNull，@NotEmpty验证@ConfigurationProperties写一个测试。

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "myPrefix", ignoreUnknownFields = true)
@Getter
@Setter
@Validated
public class MyServerConfiguration {
  @NotNull
  @NotEmpty
  private String baseUrl;
}

我的测试看起来像这样：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest()
public class NoActiveProfileTest {
  @Test(expected = org.springframework.boot.context.properties.bind.validation.BindValidationException.class)
  public void should_ThrowException_IfMandatoryPropertyIsMissing() throws Exception {
  }

}

当我运行测试时，它会在测试运行之前报告无法启动应用程序：

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************
Description:
Binding to target   org.springframework.boot.context.properties.bind.BindException: Failed to bind properties under 'myPrefix' to com.xxxxx.configuration.MyServerConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$4b91954c failed:

我怎么能期望一个Exception写一个负面测试？即使我用BindException.class替换Throwable.class，应用程序也无法启动。

Answer 1

尝试以编程方式加载Spring Boot Application上下文：

简单版

public class AppFailIT {

    @Test
    public void testFail() {
        try {
            new AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext(MyApplication.class);
        }
        catch (Exception e){
            Assertions.assertThat(e).isInstanceOf(UnsatisfiedDependencyException.class);
            Assertions.assertThat(e.getMessage()).contains("nested exception is org.springframework.boot.context.properties.bind.BindException: Failed to bind properties");
            return;
        }
        fail();
    }
}

扩展版本，能够从application-test.properties加载环境，并在方法级别上添加自己的键：值到测试环境：

@TestPropertySource("classpath:application-test.properties")
public class AppFailIT {

    @Rule
    public final SpringMethodRule springMethodRule = new SpringMethodRule();

    @Autowired
    private ConfigurableEnvironment configurableEnvironment;

    @Test
    public void testFail() {
        try {
            MockEnvironment mockEnvironment = new MockEnvironment();
            mockEnvironment.withProperty("a","b");
            configurableEnvironment.merge(mockEnvironment);
            AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext();
            applicationContext.setEnvironment(configurableEnvironment);
            applicationContext.register(MyApplication.class);
            applicationContext.refresh();
        }
        catch (Exception e){
            Assertions.assertThat(e.getMessage()).contains("nested exception is org.springframework.boot.context.properties.bind.BindException: Failed to bind properties");
            return;
        }
        fail();
    }
}