如何在 CLIPS 中将多个列表的值合并到一个列表中

Question

我正在构建一个简单的疾病诊断专家系统。我收集了患者的症状并将其存储在如下列表中：

(patient_symptoms headache)
(patient_symptoms temperature)
(patient_symptoms cough)

我还定义了一个模板：

(deftemplate illness_matching
    (multislot symptom_names (type SYMBOL))
)

我正在尝试将值从“病人症状”转换为“疾病匹配”模板的单个实例。

我试过这个：

(defrule convert_to_template
    (patient_symptoms $?all)
=>
    (assert (illness_matching (symptom_names ?all)))
)

结果：

(illness_matching (symptom_names headache))
(illness_matching (symptom_names temperature))
(illness_matching (symptom_names cough))

我期待的结果：

(illness_matching (symptom_names headache temperature cough))

Answer 1

假设您的症状列表是您一一断言的事实，您将需要在您的规则中保留当前疾病状态的信息，以便您可以附加新症状。

(defrule convert_to_template
  ; Merge a set of symptoms into a multifield
  ?illness_fact <- (illness_matching)
  ?symptom_fact <- (patient_symptom ?symptom)
  =>
  (modify ?illness_fact (symptom_names (insert$ (fact-slot-value ?illness_fact symptom_names) 1 ?symptom)))
  ; you want to retract the symptom to avoid a loop
  (retract ?symptom_fact))

modify

语句允许您更改现有事实的值。然后，您只需将

symptom_name

插槽更改为新插槽，该新插槽是旧插槽（通过

fact-slot-value

函数获得）的结果，并通过

insert$

函数在开头添加新症状。

示例：

Jupyter console 6.6.3

iCLIPS
In [1]: (deftemplate illness_matching
   ...:   (multislot symptom_names (type SYMBOL)))

In [2]: (defrule convert_to_template
   ...:   ?illness_fact <- (illness_matching)
   ...:   ?symptom_fact <- (patient_symptom ?symptom)
   ...:   =>
   ...:   (modify ?illness_fact (symptom_names (insert$ (fact-slot-value ?illness_fact symptom_names) 1 ?symptom)))
   ...:   (retract ?symptom_fact))

In [3]: (assert (illness_matching))
(illness_matching (symptom_names))
In [4]: (assert (patient_symptom fever))
(patient_symptom fever)
In [5]: (assert (patient_symptom nausea))
(patient_symptom nausea)
In [6]: (run)

In [7]: (facts)
f-1     (illness_matching (symptom_names fever nausea))
For a total of 1 fact.