我是Python的新手，非常感谢以下代码的帮助。目的是从（258）个文件的相应列中获取单独的变量数据，并将它们转换为单个NetCDF4文件。然后，将这些NetCDF文件导入到ArcGIS中并转换为栅格格式。输出文件的一部分如下：
# NRECS: 1096
# DT: 24
# STARTDATE: 1999-01-01 00:00:00
# ALMA_OUTPUT: 0
# NVARS: 10
# YEAR MONTH DAY OUT_SNOW_COVER OUT_SURF_TEMP OUT_RUNOFF OUT_BASEFLOW OUT_SWE OUT_EVAP OUT_PREC
1999 01 01 0.0000 -0.6910 0.0000 1.7175 0.0000 1.2187 1.2250
1999 01 02 0.0000 -8.1983 0.0000 1.7042 0.0000 0.0132 0.0000
1999 01 03 0.0000 -13.7701 0.0000 1.6907 0.0000 0.0076 0.0000
1999 01 04 1.0000 -11.0906 0.0000 1.6772 6.1095 0.4404 7.4750
1999 01 05 1.0000 -7.4365 0.0000 1.6637 9.7234 0.6585 4.3000
1999 01 06 1.0000 -6.4047 0.0000 1.6501 12.1842 0.5672 3.0000
1999 01 07 1.0000 -9.1578 0.0000 1.6364 12.0282 0.5211 0.0000
代码如下：
#!/usr/bin/python
#----------------------------------------------------
# Program to convert VIC fluxes files to NetCDF file
# will ask the user which variable he wants to export
# and also for which years. Assumes there is data
# for the entire time period, from 1-jan to 31-dec
# SET UP FOR DAILY TIME STEP. FLUX FILE SHOUD NOT
# CONTAIN HOUR RECORD!!
#----------------------------------------------------
#------------------------------------------------
# Writen by Daniel de Castro Victoria
# [email protected] or [email protected]
# Needs python libraries Numeric and Scientific
# 03-dec-2004
#
# Script updated by Kel Markert
# [email protected] or [email protected]
#-------------------------------------------------
# import dependencies
from __future__ import print_function
import sys
import os, string
# handle dates...
import datetime as dt
# NetCDF and Numeric
from netCDF4 import *
from numpy import *
def flux2nc(influxes,outpath,var=None,start_year=None,end_year=None):
# building file list and sorted lat lon list
dirin = os.path.dirname(influxes)
try:
file_list = os.listdir(dirin)
except OSError:
raise OSError('Input flux directory not valid, please fix path')
lat_t = []
lon_t = []
lat = []
lon = []
try:
for f in file_list:
lat_t.append(float(str.split(f, "_")[1]))
lon_t.append(float(str.split(f, "_")[2]))
except ValueError:
raise ValueError('Input path contains files that are not flux files')
for i in lat_t:
if i not in lat:
lat.append(i)
for i in lon_t:
if i not in lon:
lon.append(i)
# putting in order. Lat should be from top to botom
# lon from left to right
lon.sort()
lat.sort()
lat.reverse()
del(lat_t)
del(lon_t)
# if variable is not set, get it from user
if var == None:
#determining the parameter to use
print("Choose output parameter")
print("1 - SNOW_COVER")
print("2 - SURFACE_TEMPERATURE")
print("3 - Runoff")
print("4 - Base flow")
print("5 - Snow Water Equivalent")
print("6 - EVAPORATION")
print("7 - PRECIPITATION")
varini = input('Choose output (1 a 7)>')
#getting the collumn right
if int (varini) < 7:
var = varini + 2
elif varini == 6: #more than one soil layer...
camada = input('which soil layer?>')
var = varini + 2 + camada
#set name of out_file. Named after parameter choice
if var == 3:
var_txt = "ppt"
var_name = "Precipitation"
elif var == 4:
var_txt = "evap"
var_name = "Evapotranspiration"
elif var == 5:
var_txt = "runoff"
var_name = "Runoff"
elif var == 6:
var_txt = "base"
var_name = "Baseflow"
elif var == 7:
var_txt = "swe"
var_name = "Snow Water Equivalent"
else:
var_txt = "soilLyr"+str(camada)
var_name = "Soil moisture, layer {0}".format(camada)
# if the date information is not set get it from user
if start_year == None:
# for what date?
start_year = input("Enter start year:")
if end_year == None:
end_year = input("End year:")
# set date information in datetime object
inidate = dt.date(start_year,1,1)
enddate = dt.date(end_year,12,31)
# calculate number of days in time series
days = enddate.toordinal() - inidate.toordinal()+1
#print "Gridding {0} data...".format(var_name)
#
# create array containig all data
# This is going to be huge. Create an array with -9999 (NoData)
# Then populate the array by reading each flux file
#
all_data = zeros([days,len(lat),len(lon)], dtype=float32)
all_data[:,:,:] = -9999
c = len(file_list)
# for each file in list
for f in file_list:
# get lat & lon and it's index
latitude = float(str.split(f, sep="_")[1])
longitude = float(str.split(f, sep="_")[2])
lat_id = lat.index(latitude)
lon_id = lon.index(longitude)
c = c -1
infile = open(dirin+'/'+f, "r")
lixo = infile.readlines()
infile.close()
dado = []
for l in lixo:
if int(string.split(l, sep="\t")[0]) in range(inidate.year, enddate.year+1):
dado.append(float(str.split(l, sep="\t")[var]))
# putting data inside array.
# Since data has lat & lon fixed uses dimension [:,lat_index,lon_index]
all_data[:,lat_id,lon_id] = dado
del dado # del data to free memory for large datasets
try:
# open netCDF file for writing
ncfile = Dataset(outpath+str(var_txt)+'_'+str(start_year)+".nc", "w")
# set netCDF metadata information
ncfile.Conventions = "CF-1.6"
ncfile.title = "VIC hydrologic flux outputs"
ncfile.source = 'VIC hydrologic model 4.2.d'
ncfile.history = "Created using the script created by NASA SERVIR. " + dt.date.today().isoformat()
ncfile.date_created = str(dt.datetime.now())
ncfile.references = "N/A"
ncfile.comment = "N/A"
ncfile.start_date = inidate.isoformat()
ncfile.end_date = enddate.isoformat()
#create dimensions
ncfile.createDimension("longitude", len(lon))
ncfile.createDimension("latitude", len(lat))
ncfile.createDimension("time", days)
#create variables
latvar = ncfile.createVariable("latitude", float, ("latitude",))
latvar.long_name = "Latitude"
latvar.units = "degrees_north"
latvar[:] = lat
lonvar = ncfile.createVariable("longitude", float, ("longitude",))
lonvar.long_name = "Longitude"
lonvar.units = "degrees_east"
lonvar[:] = lon
timevar = ncfile.createVariable("time", int, ("time",))
timevar.long_name = "Time"
timevar.units = "days since " + inidate.isoformat()
timevar.calendar = 'gregorian'
timevar[:] = range(0, days)
# save gridded flux data to file
data_var = ncfile.createVariable(var_txt, float, ("time","latitude","longitude"))
data_var.long_name = var_name
data_var.missing_value = -9999.0
data_var.units = "mm"
data_var[:] = all_data[:,:,:]
# close the file
ncfile.close()
except IOError:
raise IOError('Output path is not valid, please fix the path string')
return
def main():
# checking user input
if len(sys.argv) != 3:
print("Wrong user input")
print("Convert VIC fluxes files to NetCDF")
print("usage flux2cdf.py <vic flux dir> <out netcdf dir>")
print("DIR INPUTS SHOULD CONTAIN TRAILING /")
sys.exit()
if sys.argv[1][-1] != "/":
print("VIC FLUX DIR SHOULD CONTAIN TRAILING /")
print("fixing it for you...")
sys.argv[1] = sys.argv[1] + "/"
print("IMPORTANT: "+sys.argv[1]+" SHOULD CONTAIN ONLY FLUXES FILES!!!")
flux2nc(sys.argv[1],sys.argv[2])
return
# Execute the main level program if run as standalone
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
我收到以下错误：
python3 flux2nc_a.py /mnt/d/Spring_2020/VIC/VIC_Output/ /mnt/d/Spring_2020/VIC/VIC_Output/NetCDF
IMPORTANT: /mnt/d/Spring_2020/VIC/VIC_Output/ SHOULD CONTAIN ONLY FLUXES FILES!!!
Choose output parameter
1 - SNOW_COVER
2 - SURFACE_TEMPERATURE
3 - Runoff
4 - Base flow
5 - Snow Water Equivalent
6 - EVAPORATION
7 - PRECIPITATION
Choose output (1 a 7)>1
Enter start year:1999
End year:2000
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "flux2nc_a.py", line 241, in <module>
main()
File "flux2nc_a.py", line 235, in main
flux2nc(sys.argv[1],sys.argv[2])
File "flux2nc_a.py", line 156, in flux2nc
if int(str.split(l, sep="\t")[0]) in range(inidate.year, enddate.year+1):
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '# NRECS: 1096\n'
更新1：在由于Massimo修复了标题错误之后，我现在得到了错误：
# STARTDATE: 1999-01-01 00:00:00
# ALMA_OUTPUT: 0
# NVARS: 10
# YEAR MONTH DAY OUT_SNOW_COVER OUT_SURF_TEMP OUT_RUNOFF OUT_BASEFLOW OUT_SWE
OUT_EVAP OUT_PREC
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "flux2nc_b.py", line 242, in <module>
main()
File "flux2nc_b.py", line 236, in main
flux2nc(sys.argv[1],sys.argv[2])
File "flux2nc_b.py", line 162, in flux2nc
all_data[:,lat_id,lon_id] = dado
ValueError: cannot copy sequence with size 0 to array axis with dimension 731
在第156行之前，您有for循环，遍历所有行：
for l in lixo:
打印标题但不评估它们：
for l in lixo:
if l.startswith('#'):
print(l)
continue
这解决了运行时错误。